Two-dimensional carbon-based nanomaterials have demonstrated great promise as electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage. However, there is a trade-off relationship between storage and rate capability devices because of the incrementing ion diffusion limitations, especially thick electrodes with high mass loading. Herein, we report cross-linked microporous carbon nanosheets enabling high-energy high-rate supercapacitors. The as-fabricated exhibit an extraordinary...

Osmotic power extracts electricity from salinity gradients and provides a viable route toward clean energy. To improve the energy conversion efficiency, common strategies rely on fabricating precisely controlled nanopores to meet requirements of high ionic conductivity selectivity. We report ion transport through free-volume networks in stacked polymer nanospheres for osmotic harvesting. Such nanospheres, composed coiled poly(acrylic acid) molecules, are synthesized at an ice–liquid...

Rational design and facile synthesis of porous carbon materials with optimized porosity are necessary to boost electrochemical performance for energy storage conversion devices. In this work, we report the fabrication three-dimensional (3D) highly crumpled carbons (HCPCs) inspired by structure functionality renewable Moringa oleifera leaves a postactivation-free method. The as-resulted HCPCs deliver an interconnected framework, abundant active interfaces, rich heteroatom content, notably...

A universal KOH-free strategy is developed to prepare nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets (N-SCNSs) derived from edible oil residues with high specific surface area and nitrogen content for application in high-rate high-energy supercapacitors.

Fast ion permeation in nanofluidic channels has been intensively investigated the past few decades because of their potential uses separation technologies and osmotic energy harvesting. Mechanisms governing transport at this ultimately small spatial regime remain to be understood, which can only achieved nanochannels that are controllably fabricated. Here, we report fabrication two-dimensional with top bottom walls consisting atomically flat graphite mica crystals, respectively. The distinct...

In this paper, the principle of an active temperature compensated fiber-optic Fabry–Perot accelerometer (FOFPA) system for simultaneous measurement vibration and is described experimentally demonstrated. The FOFPA formed by bonding all-silica in-line fiber etalon to one surface triangular cantilever with lumped mass at free end acceleration measurement, laser wavelength feedback controlled proportional-integral-derivative algorithm compensation realize temperature. research results indicate...

This study investigated the aerobic treatment of two different types wastewaters emanating from manufacture pyrethroid and organophosphorus pesticides in dual media biofilm reactors packed with polyurethane foam Pall ring. Two were employed: one reactor treating a pesticide wastewater containing 4000–4400 mg/L chemical oxygen demand (COD) 135–200 ammonia other an 6400– 7200 COD 50–160 ammonia. Over 84% 97% removed receiving 48 h hydraulic retention time (HRT). Conversely, 72 HRT demonstrated...

This paper described the synthesis of copolymer emulsions fluorine and siloxane‐containing acrylates for water‐repellent cotton fabrics coatings. Chemical composition, morphology structure, properties latex copolymers were investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning (SEM). Effects functional monomers (R f ) on surface morphology, water...

Compression and shear wave experiments using plate impact loading were conducted on polycrystalline silicon carbide (SiC). The material was subjected to combined compression-shear peak compressive stresses ranging from 3 18 GPa. compression (shock) profiles the propagation velocities of longitudinal release waves in shocked SiC measured situ, electromagnetic velocity gauges. Hugoniot elastic limit (HEL) found be 11.5±0.4 used determine moduli as functions density state. data further analyzed...

Heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification (HN-AD) bacteria are aerobic microorganisms that can remove nitrogen under high-salt conditions, but their performance in practical applications not satisfactory. As a compatible solute, trehalose helps to cope with high salt stress by participating the regulation of cellular osmotic pressure, and plays an important role promoting removal efficiency microbial populations environment. We investigated mechanism exogenous-trehalose-enhanced...

A simple method is presented for extracting pore diffusion coefficients from batch adsorption kinetic data. The employs the classic Langmuir kinetics model which characterized by a single rate coefficient. An analytical solution in form of algebraic equation available this model. Fitting to data determine coefficient straightforward and can be conveniently accomplished using standard spreadsheet programs. resultant converted pertinent via separate expression. proposed modeling approach...

Abstract The popularity of heat drying wastewater sludge has increased over the past several years because it can reduce mass and volume, hence disposal costs. However, using conventional combustion-heated dryers is energy-intensive. Heat pump be efficient offer significant energy savings by recycling heat. This paper describes a dryer designed for continuous industrial sludge. constructed was essentially closed-loop air system. used dehumidified to recover latent vaporization, re-heated...

Plane shock wave experiments were carried out on ammonium perchlorate single crystals compressed along [210] and [001] orientations to peak stresses ranging from 1.2 6.2 GPa. Quartz gauge velocity interferometer techniques used measure the elastic plastic velocities, stress particle histories in shocked samples. The measured Hugoniot limit (HEL) was 0.48±0.09 Above HEL up about 6 GPa, data show a clear two-wave structure, indicating an elastic-plastic response. Time-dependent precursor decay...

Ion transport through nanoporous two-dimensional (2D) membranes is predicted to be tunable by controlling the charging status of membranes' planar surfaces, behavior which though remains assessed experimentally. Here we investigate ion intrinsically porous made 2D metal-organic-framework layers. In presence certain cations, observe a linear-to-nonlinear transition ionic current in response applied electric field, analogous cation gating effect biological channels. Specifically, currents...

A crosslinking core-shell structured polyacrylate emulsion polymer was synthesized by semi-batch seeded polymerization with methyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate as main monomers, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate a cross-linking agent. Chemical structure micro morphology of the obtained particles were characterized Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) transmission electron microscope (TEM), respectively. Influences agent content on water resistance, thermal property, mechanical property...

Recent experimental studies by Hauver et al. reveal that the ballistic performance of ceramic targets depends entirely on how is confined in a composite target. If confinement preserved, penetrator consumed lateral flow at ceramic-cover plate interface; this mechanism known as interface defeat. A number variables are important achieving optimum performance. The most relevant are: shock attenuation through use an attenuator plate, interface, pre-stress, ceramic-back surface properties, and...