The broadly-distributed, non-topographic projections to and from the olfactory cortex may suggest a flat, non-hierarchical organization in odor information processing. Layer 2 principal neurons anterior piriform (APC) can be divided into subtypes: semilunar (SL) superficial pyramidal (SP) cells. Although it is known that SL SP cells receive differential inputs bulb (OB), little about their other regions. Here, we examined axonal of using combination mouse genetics retrograde labeling....

Rodents can learn from exposure to rewarding odors make better and quicker decisions. The piriform cortex is thought be important for learning complex odor associations; however, it not understood exactly how learns remember discriminations between many, sometimes overlapping, mixtures. We investigated mixtures are represented in the posterior (pPC) of mice while they discriminate a unique target mixture against hundreds nontarget find that significant proportion pPC neurons all other...

The calcium-activated chloride channel anoctamin-2 (Ano2) is thought to amplify transduction currents in olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs), a hypothesis supported by previous studies dissociated from Ano2-/- mice. Paradoxically, despite reduction ORNs, their spike output for odor stimuli may be higher. We examined the role of Ano2 ORNs native environment freely breathing mice imaging activity ORN axons as they arrive bulb glomeruli. Odor-evoked responses animals were consistently larger...

Each olfactory cortical hemisphere receives ipsilateral odor information directly from the bulb and contralateral indirectly other hemisphere. Since neural projections to cortex (OC) are disordered nontopographic, spatial cannot be used align two sides like in visual cortex. Therefore, how bilateral is integrated individual neurons unknown. We have found, mice, that responses of selective stimulation each nostrils significantly correlated, such identity decoding optimized with arriving one...

Each olfactory cortical hemisphere receives ipsilateral odor information directly from the bulb and contralateral indirectly other hemisphere. Since neural projections to cortex are disordered non-topographic, spatial cannot be used align two sides like in visual cortex. Therefore, how bilateral is integrated individual neurons unknown. We have found, mice, that responses of selective stimulation each nostrils highly matched, such identity decoding optimized with arriving one nostril...

Aspergillosis is a disease that usually affects the respiratory system. While most patients develop mild symptoms, aspergillosis can become serious health threat in immunocompromised populations and with pre-existing conditions. caused by fungi of Aspergillus genus. Existing treatments include drugs such as azoles, ergosterol interfering agents (Amphotericin B), echinocandins (Caspofungin), which come various drawbacks. Numerous studies have shown antifungal properties certain essential oils...

ABSTRACT Processing of olfactory information in the anterior piriform cortex (APC) is widely thought to be non-topographic due distributed projections from bulb (OB). Layer 2 principal neurons APC can divided into subtypes: semilunar (SL) and superficial pyramidal (SP) cells. Although it known that SL SP cells receive differential inputs OB, little about their projection pattern downstream structures, such as posterior (PPC). Here we examined feedforward feedback axonal using a combination...

Abstract The calcium-activated chloride channel anoctamin-2 (Ano2) is thought to amplify transduction currents in ORNs, a hypothesis supported by previous studies dissociated neurons from Ano2 -/- mice. Paradoxically, despite reduction their spike output for odor stimuli may be higher. We examined the role of ORNs native environment freely breathing mice imaging activity ORN axons as they arrive olfactory bulb glomeruli. Odor-evoked responses were consistently larger variety odorants and...

Fortement enraciné et unanimement professé, le credo proudhonien des sections françaises de l’Internationale à ses débuts s’accompagne, au cours l’intervalle années 1867-1869, d’une pratique qui en contredit cependant fondamentalement paradigme : la grève ! Cette contradiction, que seul prisme idéologique l’historiographie consacrée laissa longtemps impensée, se révèle notamment l’occasion grande ouvriers bronziers mars-avril 1867 Paris. Une dont démonstration force l’AIT (Association...

Resume :Écrite à l’attention de son analyste afin d’en moquer le réductionnisme et les prétentions, la fantaisie littéraire Peter Slavek – du nom héros Croisade sans croix d’Arthur Koestler se fait l’écho d’un inconscient texte qui échappe logique intention. Travestie sous fard mise en scène, l’étiologie sexuelle croisade révolutionnaire révèle traits crime œdipien châtiment. Pour Peter, cure n’est peut-être pas terminée…

Abstract Aspergillosis is a nosocomial disease that usually affects the respiratory system. While most patients develop mild symptoms, aspergillosis can become serious health threat in immunocompromised populations and with pre-existing conditions. caused by fungi of Aspergillus genus. Existing treatments include drugs such as amphotericin B, strong side effects. Numerous studies have shown antifungal properties essential oils (EOs), which represent potential alternative against fungal...

Abstract Rodents can learn from exposure to rewarding odors make better and quicker decisions. The piriform cortex is thought be important for learning complex odor associations, however it not understood exactly how learns remember discriminations between many, sometimes overlapping, mixtures. We investigated mixtures are represented in the posterior (pPC) of mice while they discriminate a unique target mixture against hundreds nontarget find that significant proportion pPC neurons all...

If it feels like you attract mosquitoes, are on to something. Females of most mosquito species need consume blood produce eggs, and they use specialized senses scope out their next snack. The saliva leave behind after “taking a bite” can cause anything from little itching painful bumps fever. These thirsty insects ability detect carbon dioxide, odor molecules, heat find food. In this article, we discuss the basics smell in mosquitoes: how smell, what “nose” looks like, specifically humans...

In the mammalian brain, sensory circuits are usually organized in a topographical way, meaning that, for given brain region, neighboring neurons respond to stimuli close each other their space. Olfaction is notable exception this rule; projections olfactory system sparse and dispersed, leading no apparent topography. Here, we assessed presence of map mouse cortex, using previously generated online dataset neuronal recordings. The consisted about 1,800 cortical collected from 10 mice,...

Our brain is plastic: it changes and adapts in response to our environment. While some circuits remain plastic during whole life, others are capable of plasticity only at a certain age, for limited amount time. These confined periods intense development called critical periods. Through the example visual system, we will explore concept brain, how they were discovered, what causes them, contribute health pathology.