This article estimates the electoral effects of conditional cash transfers (CCTs) in three presidential elections Brazil. It analyzes municipal‐level results and survey data employs matching techniques to reduce causal inference problems typical observational studies. Results show that CCTs are associated with increased performance by incumbent party candidate all but these have been reaped incumbents from different parties. also shows had no discernible impacts on identification parties...

Abstract The 2006 presidential elections in Brazil witnessed a dramatic shift of Lula's voting base away from the more developed regions country and towards poorest areas. This paper uses municipal-level data to argue that while this represents an important change for support Lula himself, it can mostly be explained by government's massive cash transfer programme, Bolsa Familia , empirical regularity with which candidates incumbent party always perform better less country.

We present a new data set on the left-right placement of major Brazilian political parties serving in first five legislatures under democracy. On basis survey responses more than 850 federal legislators from 1990 to 2005, we generate party placements an ideological scale where 1 = "left" and 10 "right." The are rescaled account for idiosyncrasies as well variation use across time. discuss both validity reliability our measures by comparing them other sets. further three substantive issues...

To what extent do party labels influence individuals’ policy positions? Much research has examined this question in the United States, where identification can generate both in‐group and out‐group pressures to conform a party's position. However, relatively little considered question's comparative generalizability. We explore impact of on attitudes Brazil, new democracy with fragmented system. In such an environment, parties function as in‐groups, out‐groups, or neither? answer through two...

Economic voting is a widely accepted regularity in the political science literature, yet most work on subject either assumes that economic performance direct result of policy making or, more recently, argues voters are able to identify when this not case. Our article challenges these claims by showing that, large subset Latin American countries, both presidential popularity and prospects reelection strongly depend factors unambiguously exogenous presidents' choices. These findings advance...

This article investigates the causes of party system hyperfragmentation in Brazil. We ask why — understood as extreme multipartism that continues to fractionalize occurs despite significant changes social cleavages or electoral rules. Using survey data from federal legislators, we rule out possibility new issue-based multidimensionality. estimates ideological position legislative parties, show entry was not driven by polarization convergence among traditional parties. advance an alternative...

In this paper I show that voting patterns of Brazilian legislators depart from their ideology in ways suggest the president plays an important role influencing behavior. Moreover, statistical analysis indicates influence is channeled through distribution pork and nominations to cabinet positions. Ideology not only fails fully explain legislative behavior observed since return democracy, but there evidence ideological has declined over time.

Abstract This article examines key ideological, economic, and institutional preferences of the Brazilian political elite in first 25 years country's present democratic regime. Introducing unified dataset Legislative Surveys, it several crucial dimensions politicians' attitudes, including placement on a traditional left-right scale, concerning fundamental economic model, direct comparisons recent Cardoso Lula governments, orientations toward Brazil's global regional projection. On many...

What are the sources of mass partisanship? The focus this article is on role party organizational strategies in Brazil, where sociological cleavages weak. All Brazilian parties post electoral gains by opening local branch offices, but only Workers’ Party (PT) manages to win voters’ hearts and minds, cultivating partisan identification. This follows from its deliberate effort use organization reach out organized civil society – ‘mobilize organized.’ Results further indicate that PT...

Ideal point estimators hold the promise of identifying multiple dimensions political disagreement as they are manifested in legislative voting. However, standard ideal estimates do not distinguish between ideological motivations and voting inducements from parties, coalitions, or executive. In this article we describe a general approach for hierarchically an dimension using auxiliary source data. case consider, use anonymous survey Brazilian legislators to identify party positions on...

In a recent article published in the Latin American Research Review, Simone Bohn analyzed electoral results and survey data from Brazil to contest several theses concerning reelection of President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva 2006. particular, asserted that beneficiaries Bolsa Família, conditional cash transfer program was reaching eleven million families at time 2006 election, were already supporters 2002, therefore could not have contributed change Lula's constituency between his election...

The tridentate Schiff base [(2-(imidazol-4-yl)ethyl)(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)methyl)imine (HISMIMI) and its reduced form HISMIMA were synthesized characterized, as well their mononuclear cis-dihalo copper(II) complexes 1 2, respectively. In addition, the dinuclear [CuII(μ-OH)2CuII]2+ (3) (4) obtained from respectively, also isolated characterized by several physicochemical techniques, including magnetochemistry, electrochemistry, EPR UV−vis spectroscopies. crystal structures of 2 determined...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGeneration of simple enols in solutionBrian Capon, Bo Zhang Guo, Fu Chiu Kwok, Arup K. Siddhanta, and Cesar ZuccoCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1988, 21, 4, 135–140Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar00148a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ar00148a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views302Altmetric-Citations87LEARN...

We consider the use of Facebook to recruit participants for online survey-experimental studies public opinion. Based on two such we recently conducted, discuss sample composition, attention task, and possibility rewarding through a lottery. show that can be cost-effective tool rapidly recruiting large samples anywhere in world. These characteristics make it particularly useful recruitment from elusive populations non-US settings – situations which MTurk little help.

ABSTRACT This research note contributes updated and extended point estimates of the ideological positions Brazilian political parties novel all presidents since redemocratization in 1985. Presidents are jointly responsible for operability Brazil’s version coalitional presidentialism. Locating these key actors a unidimensional left–right space over time reveals rising challenges to institutional matrix, particularly 2013. Ideological polarization among has sharply increased, have become more...

This paper estimates the electoral effects of conditional cash transfers (CCTs) --- fastest-growing social policy in developing world three presidential elections Brazil. It analyzes municipal level results and survey data, employs matching techniques to reduce causal inference problems typical observational studies. Results shows that CCTs are associated with increased performance by incumbent party candidate all elections, but these have diminished over time, been reaped incumbents from...

Brazilian politics provides a very interesting vantage point for thinking about party system institutionalization because it has kept many of the characteristics that made an inchoate to eyes observers more than 15 years ago, but since then exhibited striking patterns overall political stability. The does not meet all criteria prescribed in four already classic dimensions institutionalization, played significant role stabilization country's system.

This research note examines the electoral impacts of Conditional Cash Transfer programs in 2014 presidential election, and compares these to results previously obtained for preceding three elections (ZUCCO, 2013). It analyzes both individual-level survey data municipal-level applies different matching techniques attempt ensure that only similar individuals municipalities are compared each other. The shows although strictly defined "electoral effect" Bolsa Família at municipality level has...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMechanism of reaction hydroxide ion with dinitrochlorobenzenesRadu Bacaloglu, Andrei Blasko, Clifford Bunton, Ellen Dorwin, Francisco Ortega, and Cesar ZuccoCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 1, 238–246Publication Date (Print):January 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1991https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00001a034RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views260Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views...