The powerful trophic effects that glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) exerts on midbrain dopamine neurones suggest its use in treating Parkinson's disease. However, some important questions remain about the possible therapeutic applications of GDNF. Here we demonstrate chronic infusion 5 or 15 micro g/day GDNF into lateral ventricle striatum, using programmable pumps, promotes restoration nigrostriatal dopaminergic system and significantly improves motor functions rhesus...

Site-specific delivery of trophic factors in the brain may be important for achieving therapeutic efficacy without unwanted side effects. This study evaluated site-specific infusion glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) into right putamen aged rhesus monkeys. After 4 weeks continuous at a rate 22.5 microg/day, GDNF had diffused up to 11 mm from catheter openings rostral putamen, internal capsule, external caudate nucleus, and globus pallidus. Anisotropic flow along capsule...

Changes in the functional dynamics of dopamine release and regulation basal ganglia have been posited to contribute age-related slowing motor functions. Here, we report effects glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on stimulus-evoked speed aged monkeys (21-27 years age; n = 10). Although no changes were observed vehicle controls (n 5), chronic infusions 7.5 microg GDNF per day for 2 months into right lateral ventricle initially increased hand movement up 40% an automated...

Abstract Glial cell line–derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) promotes the survival, growth, and regeneration of dopamine neurons in midbrain that degenerate Parkinson's disease. However, translating successful animal studies into effective clinical therapy for disease has proved difficult. In this article, using pulsed infusion convection‐enhanced delivery GDNF, we have analyzed two variables hypothesized to be important achieving efficacy: dose GDNF distribution target tissue. Motor...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to reveal the empirical issues implementation coordination for textile‐apparel supply chains. Design/methodology/approach Employing case study, examines three different types practice in structures chains: vertical integration chain, efficiency oriented chain and 3P‐hub chain. coordinators are leading Hong Kong based international textiles apparel companies these cases. sources published articles, company web sites some open seminars offered by companies....

The lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River are one most important biodiversity hotspots worldwide. With rapid economic development in area coupled with global climate change, fish resources and diversity this region experiencing serious threats. Basic biological information on fishes river is limited, restricting conservation local resources. This study aimed to provide estimates length–weight relationships (LWRs) for six species from catchment, Tibet, China. From 2023 2024, 4034...

Abstract Climate change is expected to increase the magnitude and frequency of extreme drought in most grassland ecosystems. Exploring responses below‐ground bud banks their relationships with above‐ground plant structure need explain how climate will impact However, studies on response community‐scale shoot densities experimental along an aridity gradient are rare. We experimentally removed 66% growing season precipitation for 4 years three temperate grasslands that spanned northern China....

Abstract Glial cell line–derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) stimulates the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway and improves motor functions in animal models of parkinsonism. Sinemet is currently most widely used drug for treating Parkinson's disease. The present study has evaluated GDNF–Sinement interactions parkinsonian rhesus monkeys. Both GDNF Sinemet, when given alone, significantly improved total scores. response to Sinement did not change after intracerebroventricular vehicle...

The goal of this study was to investigate the differences in physicochemical characteristics, digestibility, and lipolysis inhibitory potential blue highland barley resistant starches (BHRSs) produced by autoclaving (BHSA), microwave-autoclaving (BHSM), isoamylase (BHSI) pullulanase (BHSP) debranching modifications. Results showed that starch amount native evidently elevated following modifications while remaining slightly variable across BHRSs. In comparison BHSI BHSP, BHSA BHSM had...

Grassland degradation has seriously affected the ecological environment and human livelihood. To abate these, implementing effective management strategies to restore improve service functions productivity of degraded grasslands is crucial.

Colored highland barley (CHB) is featured with its potential health-promoting benefits. CHB frequently processed through roasting, which changes volatile smells, color, and composition. The objective of this work was to establish the fingerprints that had been roasted at different temperatures using E-nose headspace-gas-chromatography-ion-mobility spectroscopy (HS-GC-IMS). findings showed roasting increased relative contents pyrazines, aldehydes, ketones while decreasing alcohols, esters,...

Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major factor in liver damage following hepatic resection and transplantation, with anesthetics demonstrating the ability to shield organs from this type of injury.

Abstract This paper attempts to explore key determinants of competitiveness in the textile and apparel industries, with special reference Chinese Mainland. The authors conduct a survey that is designed use productivity, supply‐side demand‐side measure enterprises' competitiveness. collected data then analyzed using factor analysis capture related determining factors indicative at enterprise level. findings demonstrate government policies industry infrastructure are most important followed by...

Aging is an inevitable physiological process associated with imbalance in the oxidative defense system. Angelica sinensis, a kind of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has anti-oxidant effects and been considered as potential supplement anti-aging treatment. Nevertheless, it disadvantages slow efficacy long duration Fermentation, efficient biotechnological approach, beneficial for improving nutritional capacity material. Fermented TCMs are to be more effective. In this study, fermented...

Length–weight and length–length relationships were estimated for seven fish species belonging to four families from the Ili River its tributaries, northwest China. From April October 2013 May 2014, specimens collected monthly a total of 783 specimens. This study presents first references on LWRs Diptychus maculates, Gymnodiptychu dybowskii, Perca schrenkii, Silurus meridionalis Schizothorax pseudoaksaiensis pseudoaksaiensis, LLRs G. P. S. meridionalis, Triplophysa strauchii stoliczkai.

Intracellular selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) production is a roadblock to the recovery of from biological water treatment processes because it energy intensive break microbial cells and then separate SeNPs. This study provided evidence significantly more extracellular SeNP on biocathode (97–99%) compared conventional reactors (1–90%) using transmission electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The cathodic community analysis showed that relative abundance...

This study aimed to investigate the differences in physicochemical and structural characteristics, digestibility, lipolysis inhibitory potential vitro of highland barley resistant starches (HBRSs) prepared by autoclaving (HBSA), microwave-assisted (HBSM), isoamylase (HBSI) pullulanase (HBSP) debranching modifications. Results revealed that starch content native was significantly elevated after HBSA HBSM showed distinctly higher swelling power water-binding capacities along with lower amylose...

The phylogeny of Paridae and allies has been studied intensively during past decades. However, the phylogenetic relationship among species tends to become increasingly controversial as different genetic markers emerge. In our study, partial mitochondrial genes cytochrome <i>b</i> (<i>cyt b</i>) c oxidase subunit Ι (<i>COI</i>) were obtained from 15 that included 10 tits, 4 long-tailed tits a Chinese penduline tit. Analyses conducted on combined <i>cyt b</i> <i>COI</i> sequences with maximum...

Biological selenate (SeO42–) reduction to elemental selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) has been intensively studied but little practiced because of the additional cost associated with separation SeNPs from water. Recovery as a valuable resource researched make approach more competitive. Separation intracellular biomass usually requires addition chemicals. In this research, novel that combined biological reactor, bacterium–SeNP separator, and tangential flow ultrafiltration module (TFU) was...