Patients with epilepsy report that sleep deprivation is a common trigger for breakthrough seizures. The basic mechanism of this phenomenon unknown. In the Kv1.1

In temporal lobe epilepsy, the ability of dentate gyrus to limit excitatory cortical input hippocampus breaks down, leading seizures. The is also thought help discriminate between similar memories by performing pattern separation, but whether epilepsy leads a breakdown in this neural computation, and thus mnemonic discrimination impairments, remains unknown. Here we show that characterized behavioral deficits tasks, both humans (females males) mice (C57Bl6 males, systemic low-dose kainate...

Summary Objective Manual detection of spike‐wave discharges (SWDs) from electroencephalography (EEG) records is time intensive, costly, and subject to inconsistencies/biases. In addition, manual scoring often omits information on SWD confidence/intensity, which may be important for the investigation mechanistic‐based research questions. Our objective develop an automated method SWDs in a mouse model absence epilepsy that focused characteristics human preselected events establish...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in sequelae that include posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) and sleep-wake disturbances. Here, we sought to determine whether sleep characteristics could predict development of PTE a model severe TBI.

Genetics instruction in introductory biology is often confined to Mendelian genetics and avoids the complexities of variation quantitative traits. Given driving question “What determines phenotype (Pv)? (Pv=Genotypic Gv + environmental Ev),” we developed a 4-wk unit for an inquiry-based laboratory course focused on inheritance expression trait varying environments. We utilized Brassica rapa Fast Plants as model organism study anthocyanin pigment intensity. As initial curriculum assessment,...

As a result of the introduction Sirex noctilio F. into North America, there has been increased interest in poorly-described native Siricidae communities. To date, few studies have surveyed specifically for Siricidae, and many reports siricid populations are byproducts sampling efforts targeting Coleoptera. We report results from survey targeted at exotic Minnesota. used Lindgren funnel traps 2006 to 2008 baited with α/β-pinene (Sirex lure), ethanol (EtOH), EtOH + α-pinene, or Ips 3-part...

Abstract We sampled the bark beetle Ips pini (Say) in Wisconsin red pine stands to describe its phoretic mite community. Nearly 78% of adult beetles carried mites, with an average 12.78 ± 0.76 individuals and 1.69 0.05 species per beetle. Phoretic mites from flying represented over 13 families. Five showed relatively close associations, being present on at least 10% beetles. The most common included one each major guilds beetles, scavenger/fungivore Histiostoma spp. (41.5% beetles), egg...

Mites associated with subcortical beetles feed and reproduce within habitats transformed by tree-killing herbivores. lack the ability to independently disperse among these habitats, thus have evolved characteristics that facilitate using insects as transport between resources. Studies on associations mites historically been beetle-centric, where an assemblage of mite species is characterized a single beetle species. However, available evidence suggests there may be substantial overlap...

Microbial associations with plants are widely distributed and structured by a number of biotic physical factors. Among factors, the host plant genotype may be integral to these plant-microbe interactions. Trees in genus Populus have become models for studies scaling effects genetics Using 454 pyrosequencing 16S rRNA gene, we assessed foliar bacterial community 7 genotypes mature trembling aspen trees (Populus tremuloides Michx.) grown common garden. were selected based on prior analyses...

Fire injury can increase tree susceptibility to some bark beetles (Curculionidae, Scolytinae), but whether wildfires trigger outbreaks of species such as mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) is not well understood. We monitored 1173 lodgepole (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Doug.) and 599 ponderosa Doug. ex Law) pines for three years post-wildfire in the Uinta Mountains northeastern Utah an area with locally endemic beetle. examined how degree type fire influenced attacks,...

Mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is an irruptive tree-killing species native to forests of western North America. Two potential pathways spread eastern have recently been identified. First, warming temperatures driven range expansion from British Columbia into Albertan jack that are contiguous with the Great Lakes region. Second, high and drought fostered largescale outbreaks within historical range, creating economic incentives salvage...

Quantification of interictal spikes in EEG may provide insight on epilepsy disease burden, but manual quantification is time-consuming and subject to bias. We present a probability-based, automated method for the classification events, using data from kainate- saline-injected mice (C57BL/6J background) several weeks post-treatment. first detected high-amplitude then projected event waveforms into Principal Components space identified clusters spike morphologies Gaussian Mixture Model....

Studies on interactions between bark beetles and phoretic mites have focused largely dispersal life stages. However, many of these occur within trees, where develop. Within‐tree are potentially important to beetle mite reproduction, as well beetle–mite pairings. We performed experiments aiming characterize the behaviours associated with Ips pini (Say) grandicollis (Eichoff) during nondispersal Mites highly specific in location which they attach beetles. Detachment from is elicited by cues...

Ips grandicollis (Eichhoff) can be an important pest of plantation trees in the Great Lakes region. Mites commonly occur phoretic association with this beetle, but little is known about their effects on beetle population dynamics. We assessed mites reproductive success I. using complementary correlative and manipulative approaches. First, we allowed beetles to colonize Pinus resinosa (Ait) logs from sites across Wisconsin, reared them a common environment, related species identities...

Abstract A recent invader to N orth merica, emerald ash borer grilus planipennis F airmaire ( B uprestidae), is expanding its western range into new habitats. We examined how site factors affect the emergence and damage caused by this beetle on edge of contiguous population in eastern W isconsin, U.S.A . characterized forest structure quantified signs symptoms from 2010 2013. evaluated potential for establishment three host‐specific parasitic H ymenoptera, released as biological control...

The flat mite, Brevipalpus lewisi McGregor was recently found infesting Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu & Cheng (Taxodiaceae) in China. In order to accurately differentiate this species from other closely related and appropriately apply prevention control strategies, study focused on morphological description identification of adults based electron microscopy molecular sequencing the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene. Morphological analyses showed significant differences...

Large-scale surveys of forest insects provide two distinct benefits: the detection invasive and exotic species that cause millions dollars damage annually to ornamental industries, addition a wealth distribution diversity information scientific community. We intensively surveyed Northeast East-central regions Minnesota from 2006-2008 for invasive/exotic native Scolytinae using Lindgren funnel traps baited with one four lures (a/β-pinene, ultra-high-release ethanol [EtOH], EtOH+a-pinene, Ips...

Abstract In temporal lobe epilepsy, the ability of dentate gyrus to limit excitatory cortical input hippocampus breaks down, leading seizures. The is also thought help discriminate between similar memories by performing pattern separation, but whether epilepsy leads a breakdown in this neural computation, and thus mnemonic discrimination impairments, remains unknown. Here we show that characterized behavioral deficits tasks, both humans (females males) mice (C57Bl6 males, systemic low-dose...

Abstract Patients with epilepsy report that sleep deprivation is a common trigger for breakthrough seizures. The basic mechanism of this phenomenon unknown. In the Kv1.1 -/- mouse model epilepsy, daily indeed exacerbated seizures though these effects were lost after 3 rd day. Sleep also accelerated mortality in ~52% mice, not observed controls. Voltage-clamp experiments on day recovery from showed reductions GABAergic tonic inhibition dentate granule cells both and wild-type mice. Our...

Background: Cardiac arrhythmias can be observed in the context of seizures. Seizure-induced asystole has been associated with focal epilepsies originating from temporal and frontal lobe. We present a case video recording during sleep EEG postictal discuss risk factors for SUDEP (sudden unexplained death epilepsy).

Abstract Quantification of interictal spikes in EEG may provide insight on epilepsy disease burden, but manual quantification is time-consuming and subject to bias. We present a probability-based, automated method for the classification events, using data from kainate- saline-injected mice (C57BL/6J background) several weeks post-treatment. first detected high-amplitude then projected event waveforms into Principal Components space identified clusters spike morphologies Gaussian Mixture...