Abstract An advanced research version of the Weather Research and Forecasting (ARW) Model is used to simulate early rapid intensification Hurricane Emily (2005) using grids nested high resolution (3 km). A series numerical simulations conducted examine sensitivity simulation available cloud microphysical (CM) planetary boundary layer (PBL) parameterization schemes. Results indicate that are very sensitive choice CM PBL schemes in ARW model. Specifically, with different schemes, simulated...

Abstract Accurate forecasting of a hurricane’s intensity changes near its landfall is great importance in making an effective hurricane warning. This study uses airborne Doppler radar data collected during the NASA Tropical Cloud Systems and Processes (TCSP) field experiment July 2005 to examine impact observations on short-range numerical simulation track changes. A series experiments conducted for Hurricane Dennis (2005) landfall. Both reflectivity radial velocity–derived wind fields are...

Abstract Dropwindsonde, Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-11 (GOES-11) rapid-scan atmospheric motion vectors, and NASA Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT) near-surface wind data collected during NASA’s Tropical Cloud Systems Processes (TCSP) field experiment in July 2005 were assimilated into an advanced research version of the Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) model using its three-dimensional variational assimilation (3DVAR) system. The impacts mesoscale on WRF numerical...

A series of numerical experiments are conducted to examine the sensitivity simulation Hurricane Emily's (2005) early rapid intensification cumulus parameterization schemes in advanced research version Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model at different horizontal resolutions. Results indicate that simulations very sensitive choices 9 km grid spacings. Specifically, with schemes, simulated minimum central sea level pressure (SLP) varies by 41 hPa during 54 h forecast period. In...

In this paper, a data assimilation scheme is built to utilize the dual‐polarization Doppler radar observations collected by C band Advanced Radar for Meteorological and Operational Research tested with case study mesoscale convective system (MCS) over northern Alabama in afternoon of 15 March 2008. Three variables, horizontal reflectivity, differential radial velocity are assimilated into advanced research version Weather Forecasting model. A warm rain operator constructed assimilate...

Abstract Dual-polarization Doppler radar has proven useful for the estimation of hydrometeor content and classification type. Recent studies have leveraged dual-polarization-specific information to produce improved assimilated cloud precipitation fields from warm rain (above freezing) portion deep convective storms. While strengths dual-polarization observations been conclusively shown hail hydrometeors, it is less clear how much provided in mixed-phase ice-only regions. In this paper, a...

Abstract The dual-polarization (dual pol) Doppler radar can transmit/receive both horizontally and vertically polarized power returns. dual-pol measurements have been shown to provide a more accurate precipitation estimate compared traditional radars. In this study, the horizontal reflectivity Z H , differential DR specific phase K DP radial velocity VR collected by C-band Advanced Radar for Meteorological Operational Research (ARMOR) are assimilated two convective storms. A warm-rain scheme...

Abstract Lightning initiation (LI) events over Florida and Oklahoma are examined statistically compared to understand the behavior of observed radar infrared satellite interest fields (IFs) in 75-min time frame surrounding LI. is defined as first lightning, any kind, generated a cumulonimbus cloud. Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) IFs, contoured frequency by altitude diagrams (CFADs) reflectivity, model sounding data, analyzed concert, show mean characteristics for 36...

Abstract In this study, an ice-phase microphysics forward model has been developed for the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model three-dimensional variational data assimilation (WRF 3D-Var) system. Radar operators reflectivity polarimetric variable, specific differential phase ( K DP ), have built into WRF 3D-Var package to allow modifications in liquid (cloud water rain) solid ice snow) fields through assimilation. Experiments conducted assimilate radial velocity observations...

Abstract A diagnostic study is conducted to examine the initial and forecast errors in a short-range numerical simulation of Hurricane Emily’s (2005) early rapid intensification. The conditions simulated hurricane vortices using high-resolution grids (1 3 km), generated from Advanced Research version Weather Forecasting (ARW) model its three-dimensional variational data assimilation (3DVAR) systems, are compared with flight-level acquired U.S. Air Force C-130J aircraft data. Numerical...

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) mission was launched in December 2016. CYGNSS provides ocean surface wind speed retrieval along specular reflection tracks at an interval resolution of approximately 25 km. With a median revisit time 2.8 h covering ±35° latitude, can provide more frequent accurate measurements over the tropical oceans under heavy precipitation, especially within cyclone cores deep convection regions,...

Tropical convection during the onset of two Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) events, in October and December 2011, was simulated using Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) Model. Observations from Dynamics MJO (DYNAMO) field campaign were assimilated into WRF Model for an improved simulation mesoscale features tropical convection. The simulations with assimilation DYNAMO data produced realistic representations related to westerly wind bursts (WWBs) as well downdraft-induced gust fronts. An...

In this study, a polarimetric radar forward model operator was developed for the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) that based on scattering algorithm using T-matrix methodology. Three microphysics schemes—Thompson, Morrison 2-moment, Milbrandt-Yau 2-moment—were supported in operator. This used microphysics, thermodynamic, wind fields from WRF forecasts to compute horizontal reflectivity, radial velocity, variables including differential reflectivity (ZDR) specific phase (KDP) S-band...

The dual-polarization (dual-pol) Doppler radar provides more information on precipitation particles compared with the traditional radar. In this study, dual-pol observations of differential reflectivity (ZDR), specific phase (KDP), and radial velocity (VR) collected by C-band Advanced Radar for Meteorological Operational Research are assimilated a convective storm June 23,2008. Two different warm-rain forward operators ZDR KDP data assimilation built basis empirical relationships between...

Abstract The National Aeronautics and Space Administration‐Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission consists of a multisatellite constellation that provides real‐time or near‐real‐time global observations rain snow. In this study, GPM Level 3 Integrated Multi‐satellitE Retrievals for (IMERG) 2 Microwave Imager Goddard Profiling rainfall products have been assimilated into the Weather Research Forecasting model using community Gridpoint Statistical...

As passive RFID sensing technology develops, the effect of different substances in application environments on tag's backscattered signal has become a promising area research, particularly difference between liquid and non-liquid non-contact mode. RSSI is most accessible measurement metric, this paper uses degree fluctuation to describe environmental influence tag signal. To quantitatively analyse impact, compares change value before after addition pure water into glass container, analyzes...

Abstract The Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) is an instrument designed to continuously monitor lightning. It on the GOES-16 and GOES-17 satellites, viewing much of Western Hemisphere equatorward 55°. Besides recording lightning-flash information, it transmits background visible-band images its field view every 2.5 min. are not calibrated or geolocated, they only have ~10-km grid spacing, but their 2.5-min sampling can potentially fill temporal gaps between full-disk imagery from GOES...

With the growing application of passive ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio identification (RFID) technology in area Internet Things recent years, use RFID to monitor liquid level has progressively become an important research challenge domains healthcare and industrial plants. In this paper, a single tag is attached bottle both horizontal vertical orientations investigate change RSSI values for two attachment techniques at various transmitting powers, according backscattering properties RFID....