Norman L. Christensen is a professor in the Department of Botany, Duke University, Durham, NC 27706. James K. Agee College Forest Resources, University Washington, Seattle, WA 98195. Peter F. Brussard and chairman Biology Department, Nevada, Reno, NV 89557. Jay Hughes dean Forestry National Colorado State Fort Collins, CO 80523. Dennis H. Knight Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071. G. Wayne Minshall Biology, Idaho Pocatello, ID 83209. M. Peek Wildlife, Range Science, Idaho, Moscow, 83843. Stephen J....

SUMMARY Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine whether the VA mycorrhizal fungi present on a site before surface coal mining could form effective mycorrhizas in disturbed soil after mining. The had different physical, chemical morphological characteristics than prior perturbation. Artemisia tridentata subsp. Wyomingensis Beetle Young (Wyoming big sagebrush), inoculated or not with fungi, was planted field both as seed container‐grown seedlings. native endophytes...

Form and function of mycorrhizas as well tracing the presence mycorrhizal fungi through geological time scale are herein first addressed. Then plant fitness, succession, ecosystem function, resiliency introduced. From this, four hypotheses drawn: (1) diversity evolved in response to changes Global Climate Change (GCC) environmental drivers, (2) will be modified by present GCC (3) ecological drivers turn modify plant, community, responses same, (4) Mycorrhizas continue evolve future factors....

Abstract Research on soil fertility is presented in the context of runoff agriculture, a venerable farming system that has been used for millennia arid to semiarid regions, where water major limiting resource crop production. The agroecology was studied with Zuni evaluate nutrient and hydrologic processes, management, maize productivity, quality some oldest recognized fields United States. This ancient Southwest agriculture functioned without conventional irrigation or fertilization by...

As the only endemic member in New Zealand of ancient conifer family, Araucariaceae, Agathis australis is an ideal species to study putatively long-evolved mycorrhizal symbioses. However, little known about A. root and nodular arbuscular fungi (AMF), how colonisation occurs. We used light, scanning transmission electron microscopy characterise colonisation, 454-sequencing identify AMF associated with roots nodules. interpreted results terms edaphic characteristics australis-influenced...

Abstract Although Wyoming big sagebrush ( Artemisia tridentata Nutt. ssp. wyomingensis Beetle and Young) is widespread in the western USA, reestablishment of this native shrub on disturbed lands by direct seeding problematic. A number theories have been proposed to explain difficulty. Included are hypotheses that seedlings unable obtain adequate moisture handicapped reduced levels mycorrhizae perturbed soils. We conducted a greenhouse study examine influence vesicular arbuscular (VAM)...

Ectomycorrhiza formation, survivability, and physiognomic characteristics were assessed for conifer seedlings encountered 1 2 years postfire in the Huck burn site near Grand Teton National Park. Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. germinated was abundant throughout first growing season. Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. during May June but rarely by September. First-year survivorship of P. about 50% east-facing edge west-facing treatments. Mortality higher treatment at 64%. collected July August had...

Summary Phytophthora agathidicida ( PTA ) causes a root rot and collar of New Zealand kauri Agathis australis ). This study developed techniques to visualize early infection by in deliberately inoculated seedlings. Conventional light microscopy was carried out on cleared stained roots using trypan blue observe structures. Additionally, scanning electron SEM used the structures at higher resolution. A fluorescent situ hybridization assay FISH ‐specific probe label planta . Infection...

S ummary Development of vesicular‐arbuscular mycorrhizas and proliferation roots western wheat‐grass ( Agropyron smithii Rydb.) were investigated in a revegetated mine soil southeastern Wyoming, USA. Total rooting density (root length per volume soil) spore frequency increased as function age the reclamation (time elapsed since reseeding). Topsoil replaced during was apparently primary source mycorrhizal inoculum most recently reclaimed site. Seedlings growing on spoil material without...

Reestablishment of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in severely disturbed soil on a surface mine reclamation site inoculated with native endophytes 1983 was examined 1997. At that earlier time (1983) research had been initiated newly reclaimed to test the hypothesis AM would form effec tive mycorrhizae and improve growth W yoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis) soil. Data collected during 1984 1985 did not support it concluded onto were tolerant altered environmental...

Land managers need accurate and quick techniques to identify suitable habitat of species interest.For protected by federal or state laws, identification is critical for developing a conservation strategy that includes reestablishing populations altering management address this need.In research, we quantified vegetative edaphic the western prairie fringed orchid (Platanthera praeclara Sheviak Bowles), federally listed threatened plant.Lowlands (swales) supported orchids in our southeastern...

Reestablishment of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in severely disturbed soil on a surface mine reclamation site inoculated with native endophytes 1983 was examined 1997. At that earlier time (1983) research had been initiated newly reclaimed to test the hypothesis AM would form effec tive mycorrhizae and improve growth W yoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis) soil. Data collected during 1984 1985 did not support it concluded onto were tolerant altered environmental...

Roots and rhizosphere soil of representative plants Cercocarpus montanus Raf. Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC. were collected from several locations in New Mexico the Laramie Medicine Bow Mountains southeastern Wyoming examined for vesicular-arbuscular (VA) mycorrhizal symbionts. Spores VA fungi isolated identified. Field found heavily infected with fungi. The symbionts identified as species Glomus. Microscopic examination roots suggested Gigaspora Acaulospora also present. All at generic...

Abstract Three Aridisols and an Entisol in the Red Desert of southwest Wyoming were surveyed for vesicular‐arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungal biomass. The survey was conducted to determine attenuation VAM biomass profiles these arid soils, examine possible edaphic influence on distributions evaluate potential soils providing use reclamation. Fungal levels—as indicated by spore densities bioassay percent infections—was apparently related morphological chemical properties that differ between...

Ectomycorrhiza formation, survivability, and physiognomic characteristics were assessed for conifer seedlings encountered 1 2 years postfire in the Huck burn site near Grand Teton National Park. Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. germinated was abundant throughout first growing season. Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. during May June but rarely by September. First-year survivorship of P. about 50% east-facing edge west-facing treatments. Mortality higher treatment at 64%. collected July August had...

A half-day session at the 2009 ASMR/BLRS meetings showcased research activities, and some outreach/extension issues associated with Wyoming Reclamation Restoration Center (WRRC).Research activities WRRC are diverse include plant resources, soil issues, water quality, wildlife habitat, economics of reclamation others.Reclamation related instruction have been on-going University since 1960s.However,