The rational steering and construction of efficient stable atomic interfaces is highly desirable but rather challenging in solar energy conversion. Here, we report an in-situ oxygen impregnation strategy to build abundant composed homogeneous Ru RuOx amorphous hybrid-mixture with ultrafast charge transfer, for hydrogen evolution sacrificial agent free. Via synchrotron X-ray absorption photoelectron spectroscopies, can precisely track identify the gradual formation towards Ru-RuOx...

A series of Co3O4 with different surface defective structures were prepared by the solvothermal method and tested for activity benzene oxidation. The characterizations revealed that synthetic solvent had a dramatic effect on composition precursors as well physicochemical properties Co3O4. Although all exhibited cubic spinel structure, triethylene glycol (Co-TEG) highest compressive strain due to nature high viscosity glycol. These in turn affected chemical structure low-temperature redox...

Network slicing (NS) has been well discussed in the transport network (TN) and core (CN) domains. This paper extends it to radio access (RAN) domain, NS RAN, TN CN domains is defined as end-to-end (E2E) system. The advantages of using RAN domain with two-level resource allocation scheme are studied shown by numerical simulations. Then E2E system architecture components proposed demonstrated hardware software. demonstration shows capability very fine spectral granularity, slice creation,...

Bistable optical-electrical duplex switches represent a class of highly desirable intelligent materials because their potential applications in the fields next-generation flexible devices. However, controllable photoelectric switchable with high-performance dielectric-switching and optical-switching properties are still scarce, triplex bistable being rarely reported. Herein, novel optoelectronic triple-functional organic-inorganic material, 5-azonia-spiro[4,4]nonane tetrabromomanganese (1,...

In this paper, we propose a joint communication and sensing (JCAS) waveform design method for pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) signal based on visible light. Common performance metrics, including symbol error rate, achievable transmission miss detection probability Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence are adopted. We provide an optimization criterion with respect to parameter of the integrated under peak power constraint balance performance. conduct JCAS experiments objects short distance 1...

Massive-MIMO systems can achieve high capacities and data rates by increasing the number of operational antennas in base station. As more antenna elements are introduced, complexity signal processing operations increases accordingly current electronic processors struggle to reach those requirements. To overcome these hurdles, we propose a novel theory process RF signals optical domain. We experimentally demonstrate capabilities using non-integrated Dual Parallel Modulator as 2×2 matrix...

Hybrid precoding is an important issue in millimeter wave (mmWave) massive multi-input and multi-output (MIMO) system. Specially, energy-saving hybrid architectures efficient schemes provide ideas for solving this issue. In paper, we propose a precoding/combining architecture that low-cost easy to implement. Specifically, realized by the lens sub-arrays at base station (BS). Moreover, combining applies low-resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) front end of radio frequency (RF)...

Since the passband of an optical filter will shift as incidence angle changes, random receiver orientation lead to variation normalized channel matrix in multi-color visible light communication (VLC) systems. This work investigates constellation design for color keying (CSK) system under orientation. We consider a sensing and system. Taking chromaticity rendering index constraints into account, we propose two CSK methods, one generate constellations each other with regarded variable. Then,...

The linearization of a microwave photonic link based on dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator is theoretically described and experimentally demonstrated. Up to four different radio frequency tones are considered in the study, which allow us provide complete mathematical description all third-order distortion terms that arise at photodetector. Simulations show obtained by properly tuning DC bias voltages processing optical carrier and. As result, suppression 17 dBm for terms, as well SDFR...

With rapid changes in Chinese society, people’s health awareness is also increasing fast, and diets have transitioned from the pursuit of “filling up” to “being well-fed” today’s “eating reasonably healthily.” How does this change healthy diet affect household food waste? Based on a theoretical analysis relationship between eating waste, study uses data China Health Nutritional Survey (CHNS) further investigate issue. This first view waste perspective propose framework effects awareness. The...

Chitinases which catalyze hydrolysis of chitin are believed to be antifungal proteins in plant. Nevertheless, a variety functions and some new enzymatic activities chitinases have been found recent years. We cloned novel protein from Trichosanthes kirilowii Maximowicz (Family Cucurbitaceae) named TYchi. Expression TYchi gene T. plants was induced by F. oxysporum, an important cucurbitaceous fungal pathogen, indicated that involved the pathogen-induced plant defense reaction. In addition its...

Since 2003, the number of pilot areas New Rural Cooperative Medical System (NRCMS) has increased in rural China. And major efforts have been concentrated on enrollment prospective members. In this study, we examined satisfaction residents with NRCMS as well factors affecting their attitudes towards NRCMS.The data for study were collected from a survey involving twenty counties Liaoning Province. Interviews and focus groups conducted between 10th January 20th August 2008. A total 2,780 people...

Intensity modulation and direct detection (IM-DD) based optical wireless communication (OWC), requires the modulated signal to be real non-negative. To satisfy requirements, this paper proposes two types of mixed orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (X-OFDM) waveforms. The Hermitian symmetry (HS) characteristic sub-carriers in domain, guarantees time domain real, which reduces spectral efficiency 1/2. For odd after inverse fast fourier transform (IFFT) is antisymmetric. even IFFT...

The millimeter wave (mmWave) technology will perform an important role in supporting multi-gigabit services. To compensate for significant path loss and penetration loss, more antennas are equipped to establish narrow beams provide sufficient antenna array gains. In the meantime, hybrid beamforming (HBF) structure is utilized acceptable cost energy consumption, which also flexibly supports multi-user scenarios. However, when channel varies rapidly, efficiently tracking multiple paths or beam...

The effective in-situ characterization and hazard monitoring in the subsurface are key issues that can be addressed by use of wireless sensor networks. conventional methods deployed practice present limitations acquisition spatially localized and/or temporally discrete data. concept functional signal takes advantage variations strength radio waves transmitted among distributed nodes is explored to perform geo-technical a spatial temporal continuous fashion this paper. Simulation experimental...