An experimental study of the temperature- ($T$) dependent dc conductivity $\ensuremath{\sigma}$, electric field ($E$) dependence and $T$-dependent thermopower $S$ as a function protonation level ($0.0<x\ensuremath{\equiv}\frac{[{\mathrm{H}}^{+}]}{[\mathrm{N}]}\ensuremath{\leqq}0.5$) emeraldine polymer is presented. The $\ensuremath{\sigma}(300 \mathrm{K})$ varies from ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}10}$ to 10 ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ with...

An experimental study of the temperature- (T-) dependent dc and audio-frequency conductivity (\ensuremath{\sigma}) as a function protonation level (0.0\ensuremath{\le}x\ensuremath{\equiv}[${\mathrm{H}}^{+}$]/[N]\ensuremath{\le}0.08) emeraldine polymer is presented. The varies from ${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}10}$ S/cm for x=0 to ${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}6}$ x=0.08 proportional exp[-(${T}_{0}$/T${)}^{1/4}$] with ${T}_{0}$ decreasing increasing x. temperature-dependent audiofrequency f...

This study aims to validate and revise the Spot Vision Screener referral criteria for detecting amblyopia risk factors (ARFs), visually significant refractive error (VSRE), amblyopia. In clinics, we gathered data from children aged 12 months 7 years. The validity of cut-off values was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, with cycloplegic retinoscopy serving as a reference. These results were compared age-based 2021 AAPOS diagnostic thresholds. Additionally, this...

We report detailed measurements of the interlayer magnetoresistance layered organic superconductor $\ensuremath{\kappa}--(\mathrm{BEDT}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{TTF}{)}_{2}\mathrm{Cu}(\mathrm{SCN}{)}_{2}$ for temperatures down to 0.5 K and fields up 30 T. The upper critical field is determined from resistive transition a wide range directions. For magnetic parallel layers, increases approximately linearly with decreasing temperature. at low compared Pauli paramagnetic limit, which singlet...

Magnetization as a function of field and temperature for ferromagnetic Heusler alloy ${\mathrm{Ni}}_{2}\mathrm{MnGa}$ is reported. above the Martensitic transition displays field-dependent peak effect, direct magnetic evidence premartensitic phase. At low fields, effect occurs at consistent with observations micromodulated structure seen from neutron scattering, electron microscopy, ultrasonic studies in this compound. high suppressed. The strong dependence suggests large magnetoelastic...

In this paper, we report direct evidence of a structural transition in the organic superconductor $\ensuremath{\kappa}\ensuremath{-}{(\mathrm{B}\mathrm{E}\mathrm{D}\mathrm{T}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{F})}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}[\mathrm{N}(\mathrm{CN})}_{2}]\mathrm{Br}$ near 80 K and effect disorder on superconducting temperature. By cooling sample from above K, interlayer magnetoresistance displays bumplike feature, which increases sharply with increasing rate. The rapidly cooled...

The electron-transfer salt 4[Cr(C5Me5)2]+[TCNE]˙–(TCNE = tetracyanoethylene) has been prepared and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It possesses a solid-state motif of parallel 1D chains alternating radical rations anions similar to, but not isostructural the ferromagnet [Fe(C5Me5)2]˙+[TCNE]˙–·4[Cr(C5Me5)2]+[TCNE]˙– is soft with no hysteretic effects observed Tc= 3.65 K.

In this paper, we report careful transport and magnetic measurements on single crystals of deuterated $\ensuremath{\kappa}\ensuremath{-}{(\mathrm{ET})}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}[\mathrm{N}(\mathrm{CN})}_{2})]\mathrm{Br}.$ By cooling the sample at different rates, it is found that through 80 K has a dramatic effect normal state metal-insulator transition superconducting temperatures. In-plane resistivity depends strongly rate for temperatures below K, above which all curves cooled rates converge....

Magnetization as a function of field parallel to the c axis shows an anomalous secondary peak for single-crystal ${\mathrm{Tl}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}$${\mathrm{CuO}}_{6}$. The disappears above crossover temperature ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathrm{cr}}$, which is correlated with in irreversibility line ${\mathit{H}}_{\mathrm{rev}}$(T). For T\ensuremath{\gtrsim}${\mathit{T}}_{\mathrm{cr}}$, ${\mathit{H}}_{\mathrm{rev}}$(T)\ensuremath{\propto}(1-T/${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$${)}^{\mathit{n}}$ n=3/2;...

We report detailed magnetic-susceptibility studies for the oxygen-deficient perovskite superconductors $M{\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{7\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}}$ ($M=\mathrm{Y},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{G}\mathrm{d},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{E}\mathrm{r},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{o}$). Normal-state behavior above ${T}_{c}$ shows weak ferromagnetic (antiferromagnetic) tendencies...

Magnetization and transport measurements have been performed to study the martensitic pre-martensitic transitions for a series of ferromagnetic Heusler alloys. Both magnetization resistivity show clear jump at transition discontinuous slope change transition. The characteristic temperatures correspond well with those derived from previous direct structural results neutron scattering, electron microscopy ultrasonic studies. temperature decreases increasing Mn concentration.

${\mathrm{YBa}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{6+\mathrm{x}}$ is known to undergo a transition from magnetic semiconductor metallic high-temperature superconductor as the oxygen content increased range 0.0\ensuremath{\le}x\ensuremath{\le}0.5 0.5\ensuremath{\le}x\ensuremath{\le}1.0. We report here detailed temperature-dependent magnetic-susceptibility studies for x in composition 0.0\ensuremath{\le}x\ensuremath{\le}1.0. For 0.05\ensuremath{\le}x\ensuremath{\le}0.5, effective moment...

We report magnetization studies on single crystals of ${\mathrm{Tl}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}$${\mathrm{CuO}}_{6}$ superconductors. For magnetic fields parallel to the c-axis configuration, fluctuations vortices are observed in this layered compound. The characteristic temperature ${\mathit{T}}^{\mathrm{*}}$ where M is independent applied field about 84.2 K. Low-field measurements show ${\mathit{H}}_{\mathit{c}1}$=0 at ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{s}}$=86.5 K while mean-field transition...

Abstract An experimental study of the frequency dependence conductivity emeraldine polymer as a function moisture content and protonation level is presented. A decrease in dielectric constant are observed to occur with pumping. The detailed composition behavior these data inconsistent proposed proton exchange assisted conduction electrons (PEACE). results shown be consistent role charging energy limited tunneling among small granular polymeric metal particles formed upon emeraldine.

Magnetization with applied field parallel to the ab plane has been measured in single crystals of ${\mathrm{Nd}}_{1.85}$${\mathrm{Ce}}_{0.15}$${\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{y}}$. The data present first direct measurement Josephson decoupling between ${\mathrm{CuO}}_{2}$ planes at a critical ${\mathit{H}}_{\mathit{J}}$. For below ${\mathit{H}}_{\mathit{J}}$, Meissner effect is observed; magnetization abruptly changes zero, an indication magnetic transparent...

We report transport measurements with field and current parallel to the a axis (perpendicular conducting plane) in organic superconductor \ensuremath{\kappa}--(BEDT-TTF${)}_{2}$Cu(NCS${)}_{2}$. The magnetoresistance displays peak effect as function of temperature fields increasing linearly decreasing temperatures. resistance is found be greater than normal-state value extrapolated from both high- low-field measurements. results are sharp contrast conventional dissipation mechanisms mixed...