In recent years, the use of biostimulants in sustainable agriculture has been growing. Biostimulants can be obtained from different organic materials and include humic substances (HS), complex materials, beneficial chemical elements, peptides amino acids, inorganic salts, seaweed extracts, chitin chitosan derivatives, antitranspirants, acids other N-containing substances. The application to plants leads higher content nutrients their tissue positive metabolic changes. For these reasons,...

Selenium (Se) at very low doses has crucial functions in humans and animals. Since plants represent the main dietary source of this element, Se-containing crops may be used as a means to deliver Se consumers (biofortification). Several strategies have been exploited increase plant content. assimilation affects both sulfur (S) nitrogen (N) metabolic pathways, which is why recent research also focused on effect fertilization production S- N- secondary metabolites with putative health benefits....

Seaweed extracts can be employed as biostimulants during crop cultivation owing to their positive effects on plant performance. Therefore, in this study one extract from Laminaria (A) and five Ascophyllum nodosum (B-F) were assayed maize (Zea mays L.) plants supplied for 2 days with 0.5 mL L-1 of single products evaluate capacity stimulate root growth morphology, nutrition sugars accumulation. Firstly, chemically characterized via Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) FT-Raman spectroscopies,...

The effects through which an alfalfa protein hydrolysate (EM) possessing gibberellin- and auxin-like activity may promote plant nitrogen (N) nutrition have been investigated in Zea mays L. Treatment with 0.01 or 0.1 mg L−1 EM for 48 h resulted enhanced growth leaf sugar accumulation. Concomitantly, the level of nitrates decreased, whereas total N percentage was unchanged. a number enzymes involved carbon (C) metabolism (malate dehydrogenase, MDH; isocitrate IDH; citrate synthase, CS)...

Although selenium (Se) is a known anticarcinogen, little regarding how Se affects other nutritional qualities in crops. Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicon ) was supplied with 0-50 μM selenate and analyzed for elemental composition antioxidant compounds. When at low doses (5 10 μM) via the roots, stimulated synthesis of phenolic compounds leaves reduced levels Mo, Fe, Mn, Cu roots. At higher (25 50 Se) leaf glutathione were 3-5-fold enhanced. Supply foliar spray (0, 2, or 20 mg plant(-1)) resulted...

Selenium (Se) hyperaccumulation, the capacity of some species to concentrate Se levels upwards 0.1% dry weight, is an intriguing phenomenon that only partially understood. Questions remain be answered are: do hyperaccumulators have one or more Se-specific transporters? How are these regulated by and sulphur (S)? In this study, hyperaccumulator Stanleya pinnata was compared with related non-hyperaccumulator Brassica juncea respect S-dependent selenate uptake translocation, as well for...

Summary Stanleya pinnata not only hyperaccumulates selenium (Se) to 0.5% of its dry weight, but also exhibits higher tissue Se‐to‐sulfur (S) ratios than other species and surroundings. To investigate the mechanisms underlying this Se enrichment, we compared S. with nonhyperaccumulators elata Brassica juncea for selenate uptake in long‐ (9 d) short‐term (1 h) assays, using different concentrations competitor sulfate. Different sulfate pre‐treatments (0, 0.5, 5 mM, 3 were tested effects on...

Two selenium (Se) fertilization methods were tested for their effects on levels of anticarcinogenic selenocompounds in radish (Raphanus sativus), as well other nutraceuticals. First, was grown soil and foliar selenate applied 7d before harvest at 0, 5, 10 20 mg Se per plant. Selenium up to 1,200 Se/kg DW leaves 120 roots. The thiols cysteine glutathione present 2-3 fold higher roots treated plants, total glucosinolate 35% higher, due increases glucoraphanin. only seleno-aminoacid detected...

An alfalfa-based protein hydrolysate (EM) has been tested in tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L.) plants at two different concentrations (0.1 and 1 mL L-1) to get insight on its efficacy as biostimulant this species unravel possible metabolic targets molecular mechanisms that may shed light mode of action. EM was efficient promoting the fresh biomass content chlorophyll soluble sugars plants, especially when it applied concentration L-1. This effect plant productivity likely related EM-dependent...

Abstract Background Weeds represent a great constraint for agricultural production due to their remarkable adaptability and ability compete with crops. Climate change exacerbates the abiotic stresses that plants encounter. Therefore, studying plant responses adverse conditions is extremely important. Here, response saline stress at different temperatures of three weed species ( Chenopodium album , Echinochloa crus-galli Portulaca oleracea ) crops (maize, soybean rice) was investigated....

The overexpression of either gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (gamma-ECS) or glutathione (GS) in Brassica juncea transgenics was shown previously to result higher accumulation (GSH) and phytochelatins (PCs), as well enhanced Cd tolerance accumulation. present study aimed at analyzing the effects gamma-ECS GS on other metal/loids supplied individually agar medium (seedlings) hydroponics (mature plants). Also, pollution nature generally consists mixtures metals, glutamylcysteine (ECS)...

Abstract Intensive land use may affect soil properties ( e.g., decreased organic matter [SOM] content) and, consequently, reduce crop yields considerably. One way of counteracting the loss SOM and stimulating plant productivity could be residues from agro‐industrial processes as bioactive products. The present study was focused on possible effects phenol‐containing substances derived by‐products maize Zea mays L.) metabolism in a pot experiment. Plants were grown for 12 d nutrient solution...

World demand for agricultural products is increasing. New insights are required in order to achieve sufficient and sustainable yields meet global food request. Chemical fertilizers have been studied almost 200 years, it unlikely that they could be improved. However, produce a growing world population, various methods increase the efficiency of chemical investigated. One approach increasing crop productivity development environment-friendly organic named biostimulants which stimulate plant...

To obtain better insight into the mechanisms of selenium hyperaccumulation in Stanleya pinnata, transcriptome-wide differences root and shoot gene expression levels were investigated S. pinnata related nonaccumulator elata grown with or without 20 μm selenate. Genes predicted to be involved sulphate/selenate transport assimilation oxidative stress resistance (glutathione-related genes peroxidases) among most differentially expressed between species; many showed constitutively elevated...