Abstract The binding protein (BiP) is an important component of endoplasmic reticulum stress response cells. Despite extensive studies in cultured cells, a protective function BiP against has not yet been demonstrated whole multicellular organisms. Here, we have obtained transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv Havana) plants constitutively expressing elevated levels or its antisense cDNA to analyze the role this lumenal at plant level. Elevated sense lines conferred tolerance...

Preparation of high-quality proteins from cacao vegetative organs is difficult due to very high endogenous levels polysaccharides and polyphenols. In order establish a routine procedure for the application proteomic biochemical analysis tissues, three new protocols were developed; one apoplastic washing fluid (AWF) extraction, two protein extraction--under denaturing nondenaturing conditions. The first described method allows quick easy collection AWF--using infiltration-centrifugation...

Abstract The molecular chaperone binding protein (BiP) participates in the constitutive function of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and protects cell against stresses. In this study, we investigated underlying mechanism by which BiP plant cells from stress-induced death. We found that enhanced expression soybean (Glycine max) attenuated ER stress- osmotic stress-mediated Ectopic transgenic lines leaf necrotic lesions are caused stress inducer tunicamycin also maintained shoot turgidity upon...

Moniliophthora perniciosa is one of the main pathogens affecting cocoa crop. The control this phytopathogen generally carried out by means resistant genotypes accompanied phytosanitary pruning. identification plant genes related to defense mechanism important unravel molecular basis plant-pathogen interaction. One potential gene studied binding protein (BiP), a chaperone located in lumen endoplasmic reticulum that binds newly synthesized proteins as they are translocated into ER and...

Moniliophthora perniciosa is one of the main pathogens affecting cocoa, and controlling it generally involves planting resistant genotypes followed by phytosanitary pruning. The identification plant genes related to defense mechanisms crucial unravel molecular basis plant-pathogen interactions. Among candidate genes, BiP stands out as a chaperone located in endoplasmic reticulum that facilitates protein folding induced under stress conditions, such pathogen attacks. In this study, SoyBiPD...

Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that recognize and modulate physiological activities have been used as a toll for detection identification of biomolecules, therapy diseases. In this study we isolated lectin present in the latex Euphorbia tirucalli, named it Eutirucallin. The protein extract was subjected to ion exchange chromatography showed two peaks with haemagglutinating activity. Polypeptides 32 kDa strongly interacted immobilized galactose (α-lactose >...

Oxalic acid (OA) and Nep1-like proteins (NLP) are recognized as elicitors of programmed cell death (PCD) in plants, which is crucial for the pathogenic success necrotrophic plant pathogens involves reactive oxygen species (ROS). To determine importance oxalate a source ROS OA- NLP-induced death, full-length cDNA coding an decarboxylase (FvOXDC) from basidiomycete Flammulina velutipes, converts OA into CO(2) formate, was overexpressed tobacco plants. The transgenic plants contained less more...

Witches’ broom, a disease caused by the basidiomycete Moniliophthora perniciosa, is considered to be most important of cocoa crop in Bahia, an area Brazilian Amazon, and also other countries where it found. M. perniciosa germ tubes may penetrate into host through intact or natural openings cuticle surface, epidermis cell junctions, at base trichomes, stomata. Despite its relevance fungal life cycle, basidiospore biology has not been extensively investigated. In this study, our goal was...

NEP1 (necrosis- and ethylene-inducing peptide 1)-like proteins (NLPs) have been identified in a variety of taxonomically unrelated plant pathogens share common characteristic inducing responses defense cell death dicotyledonous plants. Even though some aspects NLP action well characterized, nothing is known about the global range modifications proteome metabolome NLP-treated cells. Here, using both proteomic metabolomic approaches we were able to identify molecular biochemical changes cells...

Moniliophthora perniciosa is a phytopathogenic fungus responsible for witches' broom disease of cacao trees (Theobroma L.). Understanding the molecular events during germination pathogen may enable development strategies control in these economically important plants. In this study, we determined comparative proteomic profile M. basidiospores by two-dimensional SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry. A total 316 proteins were identified. Molecular changes germinative tube identified hierarchical...

We suggest that the carbon source-dependent energy metabolism of M. perniciosa results in physiological alterations protein expression and secretion; these may affect not only growth, but also its ability to express pathogenicity proteins.

Environmental stresses such as drought, freezing, and high salinity induce osmotic stress in plant cells. The response to involves a number of physiological developmental changes, which are made possible, part, by the modulation expression specific genes. Phosphate-induced-1 gene (PHI-1) was first isolated from phosphate-treated phosphate-starved tobacco cell cultures stress-inducible gene, is presumably related intracellular pH maintenance; however, role PHI-1 product has not yet been...

In Brazil, most cocoa bean production occurs in Southern Bahia. Witches' broom disease arrived this area 1989 and has since caused heavy losses production. The is by the basidiomycete fungus Moniliophthora perniciosa, a hemibiotrophic that produces necrosis ethylene-inducting protein (MpNEP2) during infection; can activate cysteine proteases induce programmed cell death. Cysteine be modulated cystatin. study, we overexpressed TcCYS4, cystatin, tobacco plants evaluated effect on MpNEP2 model...

The objective of this work was to evaluated a procedure for somatic embryogenesis and regeneration cacao (Theobroma L.) elite clones. Petal explants from clones TSH 565 1188 were cultured on PCG SCG-2 media, calli growth. Somatic embryos formed the surface embryogenic after transfer embryo development (ED) medium. Clone showed higher potential than 1188. best combination carbon source induction in ED medium genotype-specific. Embryogenic callus formations increased micropore tape-sealed...

The interaction amongst papain-like cysteine-proteases (PLCP) and their substrates inhibitors, such as cystatins, can be perceived part of the molecular battlefield in plant-pathogen interaction. In cacao, four cystatins were identified characterized by our group. We 448 proteases cacao genome, whereof 134 cysteine-proteases. expressed Escherichia coli a PLCP from named TcCYSPR04. Immunoblottings with anti-TcCYSPR04 exhibited protein increases during leaf development. Additional isoforms...

<title>Abstract</title> Comparative analyzes of the xylem transcriptomes from Eucalyptus grandis and E. globulus allowed us to identify a gene sequence putatively encoding an enzyme similar xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH). XTHs are family enzymes involved in plant cell wall modification, impacting expansion growth. Besides structure remodeling induced by XTHs, activity this class was also related responses stress conditions. In work, we show that Eucalyptus, EucXTH expression...