A5084937407- Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Early Childhood Education and Development
- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Radio Astronomy Observations and Technology
- Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
- Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Children's Rights and Participation
- Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers
- Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
- Astronomical Observations and Instrumentation
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Superconducting and THz Device Technology
- Stochastic processes and financial applications
- Relativity and Gravitational Theory
- Computational Physics and Python Applications
- Parental Involvement in Education
- Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
- Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
- Educational and Psychological Assessments
- Global Education and Multiculturalism
- Child Welfare and Adoption
- Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition
- Work-Family Balance Challenges
Johns Hopkins University
2023-2025
Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics
2020-2024
University of Arkansas at Fayetteville
2020-2023
Carnegie Institution for Science
1998
Carnegie Observatories
1998
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
1996
Princeton University
1988-1991
Abstract A dark energy–like component in the early universe, known as energy (EDE), is a proposed solution to Hubble tension. Currently, there no consensus literature whether EDE can simultaneously solve tension and provide an adequate fit data from cosmic microwave background (CMB) large-scale structure of universe. In this work, we deconstruct current constraints Planck CMB full-shape clustering Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey understand origin different conclusions literature. We...
The early dark energy (EDE) solution to the Hubble tension comes at cost of an increased clustering amplitude that has been argued worsen fit galaxy data. We explore whether freeing total neutrino mass $M_{\nu}$, which can suppress small-scale structure growth, improves EDE's clustering. Using Planck Cosmic Microwave Background and BOSS data, a Bayesian analysis shows $M_{\nu}$ does not appreciably increase inferred EDE fraction $f_{\rm EDE}$: we find 95% C.L. upper limits EDE}<0.092$...
Early dark energy (EDE) offers a solution to the so-called Hubble tension. Recently, it was shown that constraints on EDE using Markov Chain Monte Carlo are affected by prior volume effects. The goal of this paper is present fraction EDE, $f_\mathrm{EDE}$, and parameter, $H_0$, which not subject We conduct frequentist profile likelihood analysis considering Planck cosmic microwave background, BOSS full-shape galaxy clustering, DES weak lensing, SH0ES supernova data. Contrary previous...
We describe the survey design, calibration, commissioning, and emission-line detection algorithms for Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX). The goal of HETDEX is to measure redshifts over a million Ly$\alpha$ emitting galaxies between 1.88<z<3.52, in 540 deg^2 area encompassing co-moving volume 10.9 Gpc^3. No pre-selection targets involved; instead measurements are accomplished via spectroscopic using suite wide-field integral field units distributed focal plane telescope....
Polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is sensitive to new physics violating parity symmetry, such as presence a pseudoscalar ``axionlike'' field. Such field may be responsible for early dark energy (EDE), which active prior recombination and provides solution so-called Hubble tension. The EDE coupled photons in parity-violating manner would rotate plane linear polarization CMB produce cross-correlation power spectrum $E$- $B$-mode fields with opposite parities. In this...
A large number of studies, all using Bayesian parameter inference from Markov chain Monte Carlo methods, have constrained the presence a decaying dark matter component. All such studies find strong preference for either very long-lived or short-lived matter. However, in this paper, we demonstrate that is due to volume effects drive model towards standard $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}\mathrm{CDM}$ model, which known provide good fit most observational data. Using profile likelihoods, are...
Beyond-$\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}\mathrm{CDM}$ models have been proposed to address various shortcomings of the standard cosmological model, such as ``Hubble tension.'' These often an impact on discrepancy in amplitude matter clustering, ``${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{8}$ To explore interplay between two tensions, we suggest a simple method visualize relation parameters: ${H}_{0}$ and ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{8}$. For given extension $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}\mathrm{CDM}$ model dataset,...
Finding the best parametrization for cosmological models in absence of first-principle theories is an open question. We propose a data-driven given by disentangled 'latent' representation variational autoencoder (VAE) trained to compress cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature power spectra. consider broad range $\Lambda$CDM and beyond-$\Lambda$CDM cosmologies with additional early dark energy (EDE) component. show that these spectra can be compressed into 5 ($\Lambda$CDM) or 8...
The aim of this article is to understand the role dust reference fields, often also called clocks, on cosmological perturbations around a flat FLRW universe. We derive Mukhanov-Sasaki (MS) equation for Brown-Kuchar (BK) and Gaussian models, which both consider four fields as fields. reduced phase space Dirac observables, that gauge-invariant part theory, constructed by means an observable map applied all elementary variables coupled system, consisting gravity, massive scalar field degrees...
Although a large body of literature recognises the impact parent-teacher relationships on infant everyday experiences, less is known about emotional experience and associated expectations adults themselves during earliest transitions. In context multi-site international investigation across five countries – Brazil, Finland, Scotland, New Zealand, United States present paper examines teacher parent interviews to reveal prior after transition ECEC, highlighting emotions that arise this...
Recent results from DESI combined with cosmic microwave background data give the tightest constraints on sum of neutrino masses to date. However, these analyses approximate mass hierarchy by three degenerate-mass (DM) neutrinos, instead normal (NH) and inverted hierarchies (IH) informed terrestrial oscillation experiments. Given stringency upper limits data, we test explicitly whether inferred are robust choice ordering using both Bayesian frequentist methods. For Planck alone, find that DM...
Polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is sensitive to new physics violating parity symmetry, such as presence a pseudoscalar "axionlike" field. Such field may be responsible for early dark energy (EDE), which active prior recombination and provides solution so-called Hubble tension. The EDE coupled photons in parity-violating manner would rotate plane linear polarization CMB produce cross-correlation power spectrum $E$- $B$-mode fields with opposite parities. In this paper,...
The socio-emotional experiences of infants during transitions to early childhood education and care (ECEC) across their first year in these out-of-home contexts are not well known. In an international project five countries (New Zealand, Finland, Australia, Scotland the United States), observational data, video key moments, plus re-probing interviews with parents teachers concerning 10 (six females) aged 5–13 months were collected ECEC. An embedded case study design was used analyse infant...
The Fermi bubbles (FBs) are large gamma-ray emitting lobes extending up to $55\deg$ in latitude above and below the Galactic center (GC). Although FBs were discovered 8 years ago, their origin nature of emission still unresolved. Understanding properties near plane may provide a clue origin. Previous analyses at base FBs, what remains after subtraction foregrounds, have shown an increased intensity compared high latitudes, hard power-law spectrum without evidence cutoff approximately 1 TeV,...
The efficiency of large high-purity germanium detectors has been studied through Monte Carlo simulation for gamma rays from 0.5 MeV to 20 MeV. Broad-beam and point-source calculations have carried out two detectors. significant effects geometric details are described, a comparison the measurements is given. shows need include geometrical detail in detector efficiency.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The early dark energy (EDE) solution to the Hubble tension comes at cost of an increased clustering amplitude that has been argued worsen fit galaxy data. We explore whether freeing total neutrino mass $M_ν$, which can suppress small-scale structure growth, improves EDE's clustering. Using Planck Cosmic Microwave Background and BOSS data, a Bayesian analysis shows $M_ν$ does not appreciably increase inferred EDE fraction $f_{\rm EDE}$: we find 95% C.L. upper limits EDE}<0.092$...
Frequentist parameter inference using profile likelihoods has received increased attention in the cosmology literature recently since it can give important complementary information to Bayesian credible intervals. Here, we a pedagogical review frequentist with particular focus on when graphical likelihood construction gives meaningful constraints, i.e.\ confidence intervals correct coverage. This rests assumption of asymptotic limit large data set such as \textit{Wilks' theorem}. We assess...
Previous studies based on Bayesian methods have shown that the constraints cosmological parameters from Baryonic Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) full-shape data using Effective Field Theory of Large Scale Structure (EFTofLSS) depend choice prior EFT nuisance parameters. In this work, we explore dependence by adopting a frequentist approach profile likelihood method, which is inherently independent priors, considering BOSS, eBOSS and Planck. We find priors in inference are informative...
Early dark energy (EDE) offers a solution to the so-called Hubble tension. Recently, it was shown that constraints on EDE using Markov Chain Monte Carlo are affected by prior volume effects. The goal of this paper is present fraction EDE, $f_\mathrm{EDE}$, and parameter, $H_0$, which not subject We conduct frequentist profile likelihood analysis considering Planck cosmic microwave background, BOSS full-shape galaxy clustering, DES weak lensing, SH0ES supernova data. Contrary previous...
A narrow, strongly excited state was observed in the $^{11}\mathrm{B}(\ensuremath{\alpha},p)^{14}\mathrm{C}$ reaction at 23.288 MeV. This excitation energy is agreement with peaks seen $^{13}\mathrm{C}(p,{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+})^{14}\mathrm{C}$ and $^{14}\mathrm{C}(e,{e}^{\ensuremath{'}})^{14}\mathrm{C}$ reactions. However, ($p,{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$) work indicates that this may be a ${3}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, $T=2$ state. The population of level via ($\ensuremath{\alpha},p$) rules out....