Abstract The world does not have too much time to ensure that the fast-growing population has enough land, food, water and energy. rising food demand brought a positive surge in fertilizers’ agriculture-based economy. is using 170 million tons of fertilizer every year for fuel, fiber, feed. nitrogenous fertilizers are being used meet 48% total world. High inputs augment reactive nitrogen levels soil, air, water. unassimilated changes into pollutant harms natural resources. use...

Enormous stockpiles of phosphogypsum (PG) generated during the wet process production phosphoric acid are stored at many sites around world and pose problems for their safe storage, disposal, or utilization. The aim this study was to investigate performance two polymers polyethylene glycol (PEG) polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in removing heavy metal from waste PG materials with a batch reaction approach. Batch experiments showed that adsorption capacities PEG PVA increased quietly as result...

An increasing interest has recently been shown to use chitin/chitosan oligomers (chito-oligomers) in medicine and food fields because they are not only water-soluble, nontoxic, biocompatible materials, but also exhibit numerous biological properties, including antibacterial, antifungal, antitumor activities, as well immuno-enhancing effects on animals. Conventional depolymerization methods of chitosan chito-oligomers either chemical by acid-hydrolysis under harsh conditions or enzymatic...

Carbon dioxide is one of the major greenhouse gases and a leading source global warming. Several adsorbent materials are being tested for removal carbon (CO2) from atmosphere. The use multiwalled nanotubes (MWCNTs) as CO2 material relatively new research avenue. In this study, Fe2O3/Al2O3 composite catalyst was used to synthesize MWCNTs by cracking ethylene gas molecules in fluidized bed chemical vapor deposition (CVD) chamber. These were treated with H2SO4/HNO3 solution functionalized...

Abstract Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) monochloro macroinitiators or PEO telechelic (Cl‐PEO‐Cl) were prepared from monohydroxyfunctional dihydroxyfunctional and 2‐chloro propionyl chloride. These applied to the atom transfer radical polymerization of styrene (S). The was carried out in bulk at 140°C catalyzed by Copper(I) chloride (CuCl) presence 2,2′‐bipyridine (bipy) ligand (CuCl/bipy). amphiphilic copolymers either A‐B diblock A‐B‐A triblock type, where A block is polystyrene (PS) B PEO....

High fertilizer inputs augment the reactive nitrogen level in soil, air, and water. Unused acts as a pollutant harms natural resources. This study focused on thermal processing of corn starch into coating material using disodium tetraborate urea. The processed was coated over granular urea vertical bed reactor. chemically modified starch, when compared with native exhibited better stability mechanical strength time. looked like weak gel, its loss modulus dominated by storage modulus....

In this study, multiwalled CNT bundles were synthesized with an alumina-supported Fe 2 O 3 catalyst by using a floating chemical vapor deposition (FCCVD) technique. The metal was dispersing on alumina support. Ethylene molecules decomposed over different amounts of nanoparticles in FCCVD reactor. CVD temperature elevated from 600°C to 1000°C. large active surface area the nanobuds promoted decomposition carbon precursor and fast growth bundles. Least dense varying heights observed at lower...

The objective of the presented work was to convert waste glass and mollusk shells into a porous material for separation direct blue 15 azo dye from industrial wastewater. specific pore size surface area prepared through thermochemical reaction by reacting with shells, soda, rock salt. optimal conditions were determined adjusting time, temperature, relative amount reactants. morphology, elemental composition, functional groups studied scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray florescence...

Abstract An ultrasonication approach was adopted for Azadirachta indica driven bioconversion of silver salt into nanoparticle (AgNPs). These nanoparticles were coated over plasma functionalized cotton by using a pad dry cure technique. For pre‐coat surface functionalization, the fabric exposed to an open air single dielectric barrier discharge (DBD). The emission spectrum revealed that DBD consisted NO, O 3 , O, + OH − N 2 and species. treatment produced negative radicals on improved...

Abstract The recycling of chemical containing glass bottles is generally not recommended due to high health risk. In this study, used ampoules were devitrified into a porous material by coprocessing with eggshells, salt, and soda at different temperatures. thermochemical reaction, eggshells decomposed calcium, porogenic gases, char. calcium worked as flux in the reaction while char gases promoted porosity glass. thermochemically processed was treated deionized water clear water‐soluble...

Abstract A new microwave plasma assisted sol‐gel (MPAS) technique was adopted to produce Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) photocatalyst by using pure and mixed stabilizers. The crystalline phases, composition, bandgap energy surface morphology of TiO were studied through SEM, XRD, FT‐IR, UV‐Visible spectroscopy photoluminescence spectroscopy. average particle size MPAS synthesized nanoparticles remained smaller than the simple method while increased 40 %. rutile content crystallinity also found...

Abstract The atom transfer radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and n ‐butyl ( ‐BMA) was initiated by a poly(ethylene oxide) chloro telechelic macroinitiator synthesized esterification (PEO) with 2‐chloro propionyl chloride. polymerization, carried out in bulk at 90 °C catalyzed iron(II) chloride tetrahydrate the presence triphenylphosphine ligand (FeCl 2 · 4H O/PPh 3 ), led to A–B–A amphiphilic triblock copolymers MMA or ‐BMA as A block PEO B block. kinetic study showed that...

Abstract BACKGROUND: The surface of a substrate which comprises fibrous material is brought into contact with type amphiphilic block copolymer hydrophilic/hydrophobic polymeric blocks. These copolymers have been synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) technique. poly(2,3,4,5,6‐pentafluorostyrene)‐ ‐poly(ethylene oxide) (PFS‐ b ‐PEO) (di‐ and triblock structures) various ranges PEO molecular weights was initiated chloro‐telechelic macroinitiator. polymerization, carried out...

In this study, silver and gold nanospheres were produced in aqueous solution at room temperature. The morphological optical properties of the studied using scanning electron microscopy UV–visible spectroscopy. COMSOL Multiphysics software was used to investigate properties, biological equivalent circuit chemically synthesized nanospheres. Both characterized for their surface morphology properties. by dispersing them water free space as well. field distribution inside suggested possible use...