Self-assembly is one of the most promising strategies for making functional materials at nanoscale, yet new design principles self-limiting architectures, rather than spatially unlimited periodic lattice structures, are needed. To address this challenge, we explore tradeoffs between addressable assembly and self-closing a specific class structures: cylindrical tubules. We make triangular subunits using DNA origami that have specific, valence-limited interactions designed binding angles,...

Photonic crystals -- a class of materials whose optical properties derive from their structure in addition to composition can be created by self-assembling particles sizes are comparable the wavelengths visible light. Proof-of-principle studies have shown that DNA used guide self-assembly micrometer-sized colloidal into fully programmable crystal structures with photonic spectrum. However, extremely temperature-sensitive kinetics DNA-functionalized has frustrated attempts grow large,...

Recent advances enable the creation of nanoscale building blocks with complex geometries and interaction specificities for self-assembly. This nearly boundless design space necessitates principles defining mutual interactions between multiple particle species to target a user-specified structure or pattern. In this article, we develop symmetry-based method generate matrices that specify assembly two-dimensional tilings, which illustrate using equilateral triangles. By exploiting allowed 2D...

Programmable self-assembly has seen an explosion in the diversity of synthetic crystalline materials, but developing strategies that target "self-limiting" assemblies remained a challenge. Among these, self-closing structures, which local curvature defines finite global size, are prone to polymorphism due thermal bending fluctuations, problem worsens with increasing size. Here, we show assembly complexity can be used eliminate this source tubules. Using many distinct components, prune...

Over the last decade, field of programmable self-assembly has seen an explosion in diversity crystal lattices that can be synthesized from DNA-coated colloidal nanometer- and micrometer-scale particles. The prevailing wisdom been a particular structure targeted by designing DNA-mediated interactions, to enforce binding between specific particle pairs, diameters, control packing various species. In this article, we show other ubiquitous nonspecific interactions play equally important roles...

Programmable self-assembly has recently enabled the creation of complex structures through precise control interparticle interactions and particle geometries. Targeting ever more structurally complex, dynamic, functional assemblies necessitates going beyond design structure itself, to measurement local flexibility inter-subunit connections its impact on collective mechanics entire assembly. In this study, we demonstrate a method infer mechanical properties multisubunit using cryogenic...

Experiments have reached a monumental capacity for designing and synthesizing microscopic particles self-assembly, making it possible to precisely control particle concentrations, shapes, interactions. However, we lack comprehensive inverse-design framework tuning these particle-level attributes obtain desired system-level assembly outcomes, like the yield of user-specified target structure. This severely limits our ability take full advantage this vast design space assemble nanomaterials...

We present a modular DNA origami design approach to address the challenges of assembling geometrically complex nanoscale structures, including those with nonuniform Gaussian curvature. This features core structure that completely conserves scaffold routing across different designs and preserves more than 70% staples between designs, dramatically reducing both cost effort, while enabling precise independent programming subunit interactions binding angles through adjustable overhang lengths...

Over the last decade, field of programmable self-assembly has seen an explosion in diversity crystal lattices that can be synthesized from DNA-coated colloidal nanometer- and micrometer-scale particles....

Abstract The ability to design and synthesize ever more complicated colloidal particles opens the possibility of self-assembling a zoo complex structures, including those with one or self-limited length scales. An undesirable feature systems scales is that thermal fluctuations can lead assembly nearby, off-target states. We investigate strategies for limiting by using multiple types subunits. Using simulations energetics calculations, we explore this concept considering tubules built from...

Viscous fingering patterns can form at the interface between two immiscible fluids confined in gap a pair of flat plates; whenever fluid with lower viscosity displaces one higher is unstable. For miscible situation more complicated due to formation interfacial structure thin dimension spanning gap. Here we study effect inherent diffusion on this and viscous that emerge. We discover an unexpected transition separating distinct regimes where pattern morphologies mode onset are different. This...

Cerenkov technology is often the optimal choice for particle identification in high energy collision applications. Typically, most challenging regime at pseudorapidity (forward) where must perform well laboratory momenta. For upcoming Electron Ion Collider (EIC), physics goals require hadron ($\pi$, K, p) up to $\sim$~50 GeV/c. In this region Ring-Imaging viable solution.\newline The speed of light a radiator medium inversely proportional refractive index. Hence, PID reaching out momenta...

The prevention of hydrodynamic instabilities can lead to important insights for understanding the instabilities' underlying dynamics. Rayleigh-Taylor instability that arises when a dense fluid sinks into and displaces lighter one is particularly difficult arrest. By preparing density inversion between two miscible fluids inside thin gap separating flat plates, we create clean initial stationary interface. Under these conditions, find suppressed below critical plate spacing. With increasing...

The viscous fingering instability, which forms when a less-viscous fluid invades more-viscous one within confined geometry, is an iconic system for studying pattern formation. For both miscible and immiscible pairs the growth dynamics change after initial instability onset global structures, typical of late-time growth, are governed by viscosity ratio. Here we introduce experimental technique to measure flow throughout inner outer fluids. This probes existence new length scale associated...

The viscous fingering instability, which forms when a less-viscous fluid invades more-viscous one within confined geometry, is an iconic system for studying pattern formation. For both miscible and immiscible pairs the growth dynamics change after initial instability onset global structures, typical of late-time growth, are governed by viscosity ratio. Here we introduce experimental technique to measure flow throughout inner outer fluids. This probes existence new length scale associated...

Recent advances enable the creation of nanoscale building blocks with complex geometries and interaction specificities for self-assembly. This nearly boundless design space necessitates principles defining mutual interactions between multiple particle species to target a user-specified structure or pattern. In this article, we develop symmetry-based method generate matrices that specify assembly two-dimensional tilings which illustrate using equilateral triangles. By exploiting allowed 2D...

Attaching enzymes to nanostructures has proven useful the study of enzyme functionality under controlled conditions and led new technologies. Often, utility interest enzyme-tethered lie in how enzymatic activity is affected by are arranged space. Therefore, being able conjugate while preserving essential. In this paper, we present a method single-stranded DNA urease maintaining activity. We show evidence successful conjugation quantify variables that affect yield. also unchanged after...

Self-assembly of nanoscale synthetic subunits is a promising bottom-up strategy for fabrication functional materials. Here, we introduce design principle DNA origami nanoparticles 50-nm size, exploiting modularity, to make family versatile that can target an abundant variety self-assembled structures. The are based on core module remains constant among all the subunits. Variable bond modules and angle added exterior control interaction specificity, strength structural geometry. A series with...

A colorful technique allows us to better understand the development of branching patterns in fluid flow.

The binding properties of DNA-coated colloids are modified by growing new DNA domains on the particles’ surface using an isothermal polymerization reaction.

The characteristic heavily branched patterns that result from viscous fingering instability are due to highly nonlinear growth of the fingers at late time. Here, existence an onset length scale associated with transition between linear and is revealed. Remarkably, by measuring this point, features form well into regime can be predicted. Existing theoretical work not sufficient understand scale, especially for miscible fluids where fluid structure within small gap becomes important.

Self-assembly is one of the most promising strategies for making functional materials at nanoscale, yet new design principles self-limiting architectures, rather than spatially unlimited periodic lattice structures, are needed. To address this challenge, we explore trade-offs between addressable assembly and self-closing a specific class structures: cylindrical tubules. We make triangular subunits using DNA origami that have specific, valence-limited interactions designed binding angles,...