Present analysis is carried out to study the two-dimensional stagnation-point flow of an in-compressible Carreau fluid toward a shrinking surface. The formulation model has been developed first time for boundary layer problem sheet and governing partial differential equations are rehabilitated into ordinary using similarity transformations. simplified nonlinear value solved by Runge-Kutta method after converting system initial shooting method. Dual solutions obtained graphically results...

On the basis of a self-consistent field theory treatment semi-flexible polymer chains, we analyze effects flexibility on structure polymers sterically confined between two parallel, structureless walls separated by distance. The model is built from wormlike chain formalism which crosses over rod limit to flexible limit, and Onsager-type interaction describes orientation-dependent excluded-volume interaction. Three surface states were obtained numerical solution theory: uniaxial, biaxial,...

A thin film of liquid crystal confined on a spherical surface displays topological defects, as demonstrated by experimental observation micron-sized double-emulsion droplets. Proposals have been made in practical applications to design novel materials using these patterned textures. Recent phenomenological models and Monte Carlo computer simulations revealed organized defect structures with different characteristics. Here, we theoretically investigate the structure nematic ordering resulted...

For extremely high accuracy optical elements, the residual error induced by superposition of tool influence function cannot be ignored and leads to medium-high frequency errors. Even though continuous computer-controlled surfacing process is better than discrete one, which can decrease this a certain degree, still exists in scanning directions when adopting raster path. The purpose paper optimize parameters used bonnet polishing restrain error. formation was theoretically demonstrated will...

The noninvasive two-photon excitation autofluorescence imaging of cellular and subcellular structure dynamics in live tissue could provide critical vivo information for biomedical studies. However, the microscopy short-wavelength endogenous fluorophores, such as tryptophan hemoglobin, is extremely limited due to lack suitable techniques. In this study, we developed a time- spectrum-resolved system. A 520-nm femtosecond fiber laser was used source, time-correlated single-photon counting...

Adaptive optics using direct wavefront sensing (direct AO) is widely used in two-photon microscopy to correct sample-induced aberrations and restore diffraction-limited performance at high speeds. In general, the AO method employs a Sharked-Hartman sensor (SHWS) directly measure through spot array. However, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of spots SHWS varies significantly within deep tissues, presenting challenges for accurately locating centroids over large SNR range, particularly under...

The radiative lifetimes of the Eu 4f76snp (8PJ or 10PJ) Rydberg states with J = 5/2 and 11/2 are investigated a combination multi-step laser excitation pulsed electric field ionization, from which their dependence on effective principal quantum number is observed. 21 reported along an evaluation experimental uncertainty. influence blackbody radiation, due to oven temperature, lifetime higher-n detected. non-hydrogen behavior also

Two-photon microscopy (TPM) has been widely used in biological imaging owing to its intrinsic optical sectioning and deep penetration abilities. However, the conventional TPM suffers from poor axial resolution, which makes it difficult recognize some three-dimensional fine features. We present multi-frame reconstruction two-photon (MR-TPM) using a liquid lens as fast scanning engine. A sensorless adaptive optics (AO) approach is adopted correct aberrations caused by both system. By...

We study the isotropic-like and nematic states of wormlike liquid-crystal polymers embedded on surface a torus. The role played by curvature, which couples to molecular rigidity, is reported as main reason that causes weak ordering in an otherwise ordinary isotropic phase. same coupling has profound effect well, are stabilized Onsager excluded-volume interaction; latter been frequently used lyotropic liquid crystal here example physical mechanisms drive system make orientational ordering....

The quality control of microgrooves is extremely crucial to ensure the performance and stability microstructures improve their fabrication efficiency. This paper introduces a novel optical inspection method modified Linnik microscopic interferometer measurement system detect depth with width less than diffraction limit. Using this method, diffraction-limited can be related near-field phase difference, which cannot practically observed but computed from practical far-field observations. Thus,...

Spectra of even-parity highly excited states the Sm atom have been systematically studied using two-color three-step excitation and photoionization detection method. With three different paths distinguished by intermediate with 4f66s6p configuration, is resonantly to given in energy region between 30 040 38 065 cm−1, where it detected photoionization. The wavelength second laser scanned from 440 700 nm, while that first fixed at 638.96, 636.92 or 627.50 nm. Based on precise calibration...

In this paper, we present a new method to determine the first ionization limit of europium atom. Firstly, time delayed field is used detect highly excited Rydberg states Secondly, reversed static electric exclude ion signal from photoionization, autoionization and other path. The law shift atom in studied. First zero deduced data field. This value well coincident with reported values by methods.

Spectra of autoionizing states the Sm atom in an energy region between 45948.9 cm−1 and 46943.6 are systematically investigated by a three-color multi-step resonant excitation scheme with three different paths. The intermediate states, 4f 66s7s 7F3, 7F4, 9F5 employed for paths, respectively. Based on precise calibration wavelength, level energies 112 determined line widths relative intensities related transitions. possible influence configuration interaction shape state is also discussed. In...

A wearable micro-sensor motion capture system with 16 IMUs and an error-compensatory complementary filter algorithm for real-time estimation has been developed to acquire accurate 3D orientation displacement in real life activities. In the proposed algorithm, gyroscope bias error, error magnetic disturbance are estimated compensated, significantly reducing due sensor noise drift. Displacement estimation, especially activities such as jumping, challenge capture. An adaptive gait phase...

Spectra of even-parity highly excited states the Sm atom have been systematically studied with two color three-step excitation and photoionization detection method. With different paths, is resonantly to given bound where it detected by photoionization. The wavelength first laser fixed at 627.50 nm or 624.41 so that can be intermediate 4f66s6p configuration. Then second scanned from 440-700 further excite atom, in 30040-38065 cm-1energy region populated. Based on precise calibration...

In this paper, we explained the current matrix completion theory and proposed a new framework called Feature Vector Function Approximating Based Matrix Completion (FVFABMC) which extended low-rank theory. The problem can be decomposed into two learning problems, feature vector synthetic function based on matrix. global optimal solution for vectors obtained by only assuming is smoothing locally makes first-order approximation of as convex semi-definite programming problem. To solve...

According to Young inequality of convex function's conjugate properties, a new error function is constructed for feedforward neural network. The both connection weight value and hidden layer's output, so it has no local minimum points. Training speed network based on the fast, network's training success rate high. Its strategy is: first, fix values before after layer, optimize output; then, layer; just like so, until demand satisfied. applied extract urban information from remote sensing...