The ability of biochar to enhance the physical and hydrological properties light textured soils is highly dependent on characteristics including its particle size. To investigate effect size water soil structure a sandy loam soil, date palm prepared at pyrolysis temperature 450–500 °C was fractioned by dry sieving into four sizes: 2–1, 1–0.5, 0.5–0.1, <0.1 mm, mixed in pots with an application rate 4%. were incubated greenhouse for 120 days, content kept field capacity throughout experiment....

Abstract Groundwater over-exploitation, rising temperature and declined precipitation, have resulted in groundwater quality deterioration, subsequently affecting human health agricultural productivity. Therefore, to evaluate the suitability of for domestic irrigation purposes, samples were collected from 88 locations Sarat Al-Baha region, Saudi Arabia. The hydrochemical characteristics assessed drinking purposes. results revealed that most medium highly salinity hazards; nevertheless, no...

The use of saline water under drought conditions is critical for sustainable agricultural development in arid regions. Biochar used as a soil amendment to enhance properties such water-holding capacity and the source nutrition elements plants. Therefore, experiment was conducted evaluate effects biochar application on morpho-physiological traits yield tomatoes combined salinity stress greenhouses. There were 16 treatments consist two quality fresh (0.9 2.3 dS m-1), three deficit irrigation...

Depending on their particle size and concentration, heavy metals in urban dust pose a health hazard to humans. This study investigated the total risk, integrated pollution load index (IPI), enrichment factor (EF) of various at different locations Riyadh City. Surface samples were collected from 50 residential yards north, south, west, east, central corners city analyzed for cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn). With respect...

This study evaluates the environmental and health hazards associated with presence of Fe, Cr, Zn, Cu, Pb in agricultural soils from Makkah region western Saudi Arabia. Soil samples were collected 32 farms predominantly cultivating dates vegetables analyzed for heavy metals (HMs) using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Multivariate statistical analysis, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), various contamination indices employed. The average HM concentrations...

Agricultural productivity in semiarid regions is challenged by low soil fertility, limited water availability, and unsustainable farming practices. Semiarid vertisols, commonly found such regions, require efficient management practices to maintain long-term health optimize crop yields. This study aimed evaluate the sustainability of yield, rainwater use efficiency (RWUE), monetary returns a rotation system involving soybean cotton under vertisols over 10-year period (2011–2020). Fifteen...

Heavy metals toxicity in soil is increasing globally and bioremediation of these contaminants through sustainable recalcitrant materials has gained attention recent years. A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect Cr tolerant Bacillus subtilis Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains along with biochar different feedstocks on maize plant biochemical attributes health. Results study revealed that contamination decreased growth whilst integrated application B. subtilis+PLB...

Limited water resources in arid and semi-arid regions require innovative management to maintain crop production while minimizing the amounts of used for irrigation. We investigated impact particle size natural clinoptilolite zeolite (CZ) on content (WC) hydraulic properties a loamy sand soil. WC was measured using 5TE sensors installed at five depths (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 cm) soil columns (7.4 cm ID, 56 length). Three sizes macro- nano-CZ particles (20, 2.0, 0.2 µm) were added an application...

Abstract Biochar is increasingly recognized for its ability to enhance hydro-physical properties of soil, offering promising solutions improving soil structure, water retention, and overall agricultural productivity. In this study, sandy loam was amended at different rates (0, 15, 30, 60 t ha −1 ) biochar produced from olive pomace (Jift) pyrolysis temperatures (300, 400, 500, 600 °C), incubated 60, 90 days. The biochar-amended soils were collected analysis after each incubation period...

Irrigation with low water quality can adversely affect soil characteristics, optimal moisture for tillage, and crop productivity, particularly in arid semi-arid regions. We determined the tillage processing effects of wet on physical chemical characteristics wheat productivity after irrigation different qualities (waste, saline, highly saline water). used Atterberg limit to determine suitable content tillage. Tillage at improved by reducing salinity, sodicity, bulk density, shear strength,...

Fifty-four groundwater samples were collected from Hamra Alasad in Al-Madinah City. The chemical and microbial characteristics of the analyzed compared with their respective standards. results revealed that 90.7% showed higher amounts NO3. However, 59.3% found unfit for irrigation purposes due to a high salinity hazard. Most highly saline, yet no sodicity hazards anticipated as predicted by sodium adsorption ratio (SAR). Generally, soluble cations anions, dissolved salts, boron, NO3−...

Batch and transport experiments were used to investigate the remediation of a loamy sand soil contaminated with Cr(VI) using zero valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) stabilized by carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC-nZVI). The effect pH, ionic strength (IS), flow rate on removal efficiency investigated under equilibrium (uniform transport) non-equilibrium (Two-site sorption) Hydrus-1D model. overall ranged from 70 over 90% based chemical characteristics CMC-nZVI suspension conditions. concentration...

Adding organic soil amendments can improve the physical and hydrological properties of soil, subsequently enhancing fertility for better crop production. In this study, spent Arabica Columbian coffee wastes their respective biochars were evaluated as to loamy sand enhance maize (Zea mays L.) growth. Spent (AC) (CC) collected transformed into biochar through pyrolysis process at 550 °C with a residence time 3 h rate 5 per minute. The AC CC derived termed ABC CBC, respectively. produced...

Groundwater depletion coupled with climate change, increasing temperature, and decreasing precipitation, has led to groundwater quality deterioration diminishing quantity, subsequently affecting agricultural productivity in arid environments. The of the Al-Baha region, Saudi Arabia is located unconfined shallow aquifers responds quickly change. region facing an increase temperature a substantial decrease precipitation. Over 24-year period from 1995 2019, average temperatures increased by 1.1...

Heavy metals pollution of water resources is an emerging concern worldwide and seeks immediate attention. Date palm waste was transformed into biochar (BC), which further modified through Fe-intercalation for the production magnetic (Fe-BC) in this study. The produced BC Fe-BC were analyzed chemical, proximate, surface, elemental composition. efficiency adsorbents to decontaminate from Cd2+ Pb2+ ions investigated kinetics isotherm adsorption batch trial. Kinetics data fit well with...

The use of saline water under drought conditions is critical for sustainable agricultural development in arid regions. Biochar used as a soil amendment to enhance properties such water-holding capacity and the source nutrition elements plants. Therefore, experiment was conducted evaluate effects biochar application on morpho-physiological traits yield tomatoes combined salinity stress into greenhouses. There were 16 treatments consist two quality fresh (0.9 2.3 dS m-1), three deficit...

Saudi Arabia faces water scarcity and inadequate sustainable sources, particularly in agriculture, necessitating efficient irrigation management to improve productivity amidst rising demand. The study investigated the impact of levels salinity on tomato plants greenhouses, covering four (100%, 80%, 60%, 40% ETc) three sources (FW (0.9 dS·m−1), SW (3.6 dS·m−1) MW (2.25 dS·m−1)). Salinity impacts crop yield, physiological responses, fruit quality. photosynthesis, stomatal conductance,...

The tomato is a vital component of agriculture and the second-most important vegetable globally. Maintaining high production requires both water quality quantity. Water-scarce regions like Saudi Arabia still lack an understanding impact deficit irrigation use blend saline freshwater, especially their nuanced across growth stages. purpose this study was to evaluate effects six different amounts: full with 100% ETc (FI), regulated 60% (DI), ETc, except for initial (DI-int), development...

Enhancing saline water productivity in arid regions is essential for sustainable agriculture. Adding biochar can improve the quantity and quality of tomato yield under higher levels salinity lower irrigation. The experiment aimed to evaluate effects on enhancing fruit drought stress. combines two treatments irrigation (0.9 2.3 dS m−1), four (40, 60, 80, 100%) crop evapotranspiration (ETc), addition 5% treated soil (BC5%) untreated (BC0%). results showed that decrease negatively impacted...