A5026995578- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Fusion materials and technologies
- Ion-surface interactions and analysis
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Cold Fusion and Nuclear Reactions
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Nuclear Materials and Properties
- Laser Design and Applications
- Vacuum and Plasma Arcs
- Photocathodes and Microchannel Plates
- Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications
- Quantum, superfluid, helium dynamics
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
- Metal and Thin Film Mechanics
- X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- Plasma Applications and Diagnostics
Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion
2012-2021
Kurchatov Institute
2016
National Centre for Nuclear Research
2016
The magnetic field distribution substantially affects mechanisms for the generation of radiation in Z-pinches. Investigation axial component is one important problems plasma focus studies. measurements Bz-component on PF-1000 facility were done with multichannel absolutely calibrated probe both at stage plasma-current sheath radial compression and dense-pinch stage. In stage, reaches several kG that comprises ~10% azimuthal component. presence Bz a powerful argument favor existence closed...
Abstract Multiframe laser interferometer system for studies of rapidly varying processes in dense, high‐temperature plasma plasma‐focus device is described. The setup sixteen‐frame contains the Mach‐Zehnder and completely new, innovative beams separator which allows obtaining sixteen interferometric frames one discharge. Each interferogram recorded separately with same linear size quality. Delay from first to last frame 220 ns. result obtained using this given. It demonstrates its quality...
The results of studies the plasma-current sheath structure on PF-1000 facility in stage close to instant pinch formation are presented. measurements were performed using various modifications calibrated magnetic probes. Studies influence probe shape and dimensions accuracy done. current flowing converging at a distance 40 mm from axis electrodes was measured. In optimal operating modes, this is equal total discharge current, which indicates high efficiency transportation toward axis. such...
In this paper, the possible evolution of a pinched plasma column is presented from results temporally resolved measurements using magnetic probe, interferometry and neutron diagnostics performed on focus PF-1000 device with deuterium as filling gas. Together discharge axial current about 1.5 MA toroidal component order 100 kA was estimated in toroidal, helical plasmoidal structures formed within dense column. The mass inside these increases due to injection neighborhood regions higher...
In this paper the results of temporally resolved measurements using calibrated azimuthal and axial magnetic probes are presented, together with interferometry neutron diagnostics performed on PF-1000 (IPPLM, Warsaw, 2 MA) device a deuterium filling 1011 yield. The located in anode front at three different radial positions allow determination dominant part discharge current flows behind imploding dense plasma layer. sheath is composed both components field. After reaching minimum diameter,...
The present experiments were performed on the PF-1000 plasma focus device at a current of 2 MA with deuterium injected from gas-puff placed in axis anode face. XUV frames showed, contrast interferograms, fine structure: filaments and spots up to 1 mm diameter. In filling, short are registered mainly region internal plasmoidal structures their number correlates intensity neutron production. longer filamentary structure was recorded close after constriction decay. long curve-like big bubble...
The laser interferometry and X-ray diagnostic studies were performed within the PF-1000 facility operated with maximum current of 2 MA deuterium gas filling (ensuring neutron yield above ). At this current, plasmoidal, helical toroidal structures formed inside plasma column. Some them penetrated column surface later on dissolved dense period their life was from a few tens to hundreds nanoseconds density higher than in neighbor regions. It could be explained as result pinching by magnetic...
A plasma column generated in the PF-1000 device working deuterium gas at a current level of 1 MA was investigated with interferometric diagnostics and scintillation detectors. The beam diagnostic laser 527-nm wavelength optically split into 16 beams time delay range from 0 to 220 ns. This tool makes possible imaging evolution pinch geometry, axial radial distributions density stagnation phase, their comparison X-ray neutron production. dense structure is described respect its importance for...
Plasma focus experiments were carried out at a modified PF-1000 where the cathode disc was added in front of anode. Experimental results indicated fraction thermonuclear neutrons on mega-ampere current level. In order to prove mechanism, time neutron production and energy spectrum measured by time-of-flight (TOF) diagnostics. Neutron TOF signals showed that multiphase process more than one mechanism occurred simultaneously. The occurrence most evident during plasma stagnation low deuterium...
The PF-1000 plasma focus was modified by adding the cathode disk 3 cm in front of anode. This modification facilitated evaluation neutron energy spectra. Two pulses were distinguishable. As regards first pulse, it lasted 40 ns during stagnation and demonstrated high isotropy emission. A peak detected upstream 2.46±0.02 MeV. full width spectra 90±20 keV enabled to calculate an ion temperature 1.2 keV. These parameters a yield 109 corresponded theoretical predictions for thermonuclear neutrons.
This paper provides the results of studies plasma flows generated in focus facility PF-1000U. Regimes are found, involving formation compact objects propagating variable-density background environment to distances exceeding initial crosswise dimensions these by dozens times. It is shown that flow spreads with its proper captured toroidal magnetic field. The front structure studied. conclusions about role radiation cooling and confinement collimation stability outflows drawn. obtained this...
The paper describes the filamentary structure observed in high-energy ultraviolet radiation for discharges performed at hydrogen- or deuterium-filling and puffing of hydrogen, deuterium helium, a mega-ampere dense plasma-focus facility. lifetime this overcomes 50 ns. These filaments connect surface pinched column with internal plasmoids formed different combinations filling gases they should transport some current plasma. During all investigated shots, fusion-produced neutrons were recorded....
This paper presents the discussion concerning characteristics of fast deuterons which have energy above 30 keV and are recorded during high-current plasma-focus (PF) discharges, by means PM-355 plastic track-detectors placed inside ion pinhole cameras. The evoke D-D fusion reactions, mainly a beam-target mechanism. distribution magnetic field, influences trajectories deuterons, is discussed. It found that produced in various local sources their motion strongly influenced circular symmetry...
The current research has continued on the PF-1000 plasma focus device at of 2 MA by comparison shots with and without injected deuterium. increase total neutron yield level 1010–1011 per shot was achieved after compression about 10 μg/cm deuterium from gas-valve 46 neon or sheath. It increases five times decrease puffing mass to one-half. In in chamber deuterium, a considerable confirmed soft X-ray emission injection. This can be explained absence region compressed hot plasma. gas-puff...
Views Icon Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Search Site Citation P. Kubes, M. Paduch, J. Cikhardt, D. Klir, Kravarik, K. Rezac, Kortanek, B. Cikhardtova, E. Zielinska; Existence of a return direction for plasma escaping from pinched column in focus discharge. Phys. Plasmas 1 May 2015; 22 (5): 052706. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4921248 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero)...
Optical emission spectroscopy techniques were used to investigate the spectra of dense deuterium-plasma jets generated by high-current pulse discharges within large PF-1000U facility and estimate parameters plasma inside their surroundings. Time-resolved optical recorded means a Mechelle®900 spectrometer. From an analysis deuterium line broadening, it was estimated that electron concentration at distance 57 cm from electrode outlets amounted (0.4–3.7) × 1017 cm−3 depending on initial gas...
Plasma in a pinch column, as produced by plasma-focus discharge at the deuterium filling and current intensity reaching 1 MA, was investigated total neutron yield about 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">10</sup> per discharge. The use made of diagnostics, laser interferometry, soft X-ray measurements, optical emission spectroscopy, magnetic probes, well electron ion measurements with temporal, spatial, energetic resolutions....
In this paper, a description is provided of the evolution dense spherical-like structures—plasmoids—formed in pinched column plasma focus at current 1 MA final phase implosion deuterium sheath and instabilities both time HXR neutron production. At stratification column, injected to structures from axially neighboring regions forms small turbulences which increase first toroidal structures, finally generates non-chaotic plasmoidal structure with central maximal density. This spontaneous...
The paper describes the evolution of self-organized structures inside a pinched plasma column during phase effective production fusion neutrons, as observed in mega-ampere focus experiment performed with conical tip placed centre anode face. In comparison plane face configuration, described shape facilitated transformations pinch neutron and increased yield several times. Simultaneously, it decreased minimal diameter length column, depressed first pulse. It also induced shorter pulses X-rays...
This paper presents the results of research on interactions pulsed plasma streams, as generated by PF-1000 facility, with solid targets made tungsten or carbon fibre composite. The device was equipped a modified inner electrode central insert 50 mm in diameter. experimental chamber filled pure deuterium at p0 = 1.47 hPa. At charging voltage U0 24 kV, maximum current amounted to 1.8 MA about 5.5 μs after discharge initiation. investigated were located z-axis, distance 9 cm from end. For...
The application of a mixture nitrogen and deuterium for the gas-puffing along anode axis in plasma-focus discharges, as carried out at megaampere-level currents, enabled observations filamentary structure, decrease transformation velocity plasma column to be performed. It made possible investigate instability evolution during production hard X-rays fast neutrons more detail. constriction transforms itself final phase compression into one or small dense plasmoid-like structures which are...
This paper presents the results of research influence compressed neon, injected by gas-puff nozzle in front anode axis deuterium current and plasma sheath on evolution pinch, neutron production at 2 MA. The intense soft X-ray emission shows presence neon central region pinch. During implosion stopping sheath, penetrates into internal layer. total yield 1010–1011 has a similar level as pure shots. hard pulses from fusion D-D reaction are well emitted both phase during instabilities...