Abstract Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)‐based radio occultation (RO) is a satellite remote sensing technique providing accurate profiles of the Earth's atmosphere for weather and climate applications. Above about 30 km altitude, however, statistical optimization critical process initializing RO bending angles in order to optimize monitoring utility retrieved atmospheric profiles. Here we introduce an advanced dynamic algorithm, which uses from multiple days European Centre...

Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) propagation of radio signals can significantly degrade the performance ultra-wideband localization systems indoors, it is hence crucial to mitigate NLOS effect enhance accuracy positioning. The existing mitigation algorithms improve are either by compensating range errors through identification and methods for ranging or using dedicated techniques. However, they only applicable some specific scenarios due special assumptions need <italic...

Abstract Water vapor‐weighted mean temperature, T m , is a vital parameter for retrieving precipitable water vapor (PWV) from the zenith wet delay (ZWD) of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) signal propagation. In this study, at 368 GNSS stations 2000–2012 were calculated using three methods: (1) temperature and humidity profiles ERA‐Interim, (2) Bevis – s relationship, (3) Pressure Temperature 2 model. derived first method was used as reference to assess errors other two methods....

Background— Elamipretide (MTP-131), a novel mitochondria-targeting peptide, was shown to reduce infarct size in animals with myocardial infarction and improve renal function pigs acute chronic kidney injury. This study examined the effects of therapy elamipretide on left ventricular (LV) mitochondrial dogs heart failure (HF). Methods Results— Fourteen microembolization-induced HF were randomized 3 months monotherapy subcutaneous injections (0.5 mg/kg once daily, HF+ELA, n=7) or saline...

Accurate prediction of food crop yield is great significance for global security and regional trade stability. Since remote sensing data collected from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platforms have the features flexibility high resolution, these can be used as samples to develop regression models accurate at a field scale. The primary objective this study was construct winter wheat based on multi-spectral UAV machine learning methods. Six methods including Gaussian process (GPR), support...

The leaf area index (LAI) is of great significance for crop growth monitoring. Recently, unmanned aerial systems (UASs) have experienced rapid development and can provide critical data support LAI This study investigates the effects combining spectral texture features extracted from UAS multispectral imagery on maize estimation. Multispectral images in situ were collected test sites Tongshan, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China. remote sensing are using vegetation indices (VIs) gray-level...

Liver cancers, the majority of which are hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), rank as fourth in cancer mortality worldwide and most rapidly increasing type United States. However, molecular mechanisms underlying HCC development not well understood. Activation hedgehog pathway is shown to be involved several types gastrointestinal cancers. Here, we provide evidence indicate that signaling activation occurs frequently HCC. We detect expression Shh , PTCH1 Gli1 115 cases 44 liver tissues adjacent...

Abstract Sensing of precipitable water vapor (PWV) using the Global Positioning System (GPS) has been intensively investigated in past 2 decades. However, it still remains a challenging task at high temporal resolution and real‐time mode. In this study accuracy zenith total delay (ZTD) PWV GPS precise point positioning (PPP) technique is investigated. observations 1 month period from 20 globally distributed stations are selected for testing. The derived ZTDs most agree well with tropospheric...

Abstract Geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) caused by interplanetary shocks represent a serious space weather threat to modern technological infrastructure. The arrival of drives magnetosphere and ionosphere current systems, which then induce electric at ground level. impact these high latitudes has been extensively researched, but the magnetic equator largely overlooked. In this paper, we investigate potential effects on equatorial region demonstrate that their signature is amplified...

Rapid developments in satellite positioning, navigation, and timing have revolutionized surveying mapping practice significantly influenced the way people live society operates. The advent of new generation global navigation systems (GNSS) has heralded an exciting future for not only GNSS community, but also many other areas that are critical to our at large. With rapid advances space-based technologies dedicated space missions, availability large scale dense contemporary networks such as...

Abstract An analysis of the occurrence equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) around world during 2015 St. Patrick's Day geomagnetic storm is presented. A network 12 Global Positioning System receivers spanning from South America to Southeast Asia was used, in addition colocated VHF at three stations and four nearby ionosondes. The suppression postsunset EPBs observed across most longitudes over 2 days. EPB observations were compared calculations linear Rayleigh‐Taylor growth rate using coupled...

Rice bacterial leaf streak (BLS) is a serious disease in rice leaves and can seriously affect the quality quantity of growth. Automatic estimation severity crucial requirement agricultural production. To address this, new method (termed BLSNet) was proposed for BLS lesion recognition segmentation based on UNet network semantic segmentation. An attention mechanism multi-scale extraction integration were used BLSNet to improve accuracy We compared performance with that DeepLabv3+ as benchmark...

Root-associated microbes are critical for plant growth and nutrient acquisition. However, scant information exists on optimizing communities of beneficial root-associated or the mechanisms underlying their interactions with host plants. In this report, we demonstrate that influencers Three synthetic (SynComs) were constructed based functional screening 1,893 microbial strains isolated from compartments soybean Functional assemblage SynComs promoted significant acquisition under both N/P...

Monitoring the surface deformation of filling coal mines regularly and understanding their spatiotemporal evolution characteristics for mining management disaster warning is greatly significant. However, there a lack research on extracting large-scale high-resolution in backfill areas evaluating effectiveness subsidence restraint. In this study, we took Yineng Coal Mine Shandong Province China surrounding area mine as study area. The advanced Distributed scatterer InSAR (DS InSAR) technique...

Abstract. The mesoscale variability of water vapour (WV) in the troposphere is a highly complex phenomenon and modelling monitoring WV distribution very important but challenging task. Any observation technique that can reliably provide essential for both predicting weather. global navigation satellite system (GNSS) tomography powerful tool builds upon critical ground-based GNSS infrastructure (e.g. Continuous Operating Reference Station – CORS networks) be used to sense amount WV. Previous...

Abnormalities of MITO dynamics occur in HF and have been implicated disease progression. This study describes the broad range abnormalities mitochondrial (MITO) Heart Failure with reduced ejection fraction (HF) evaluates effects long-term therapy elamipretide (ELAM), a MITO-targeting peptide, on these abnormalities. Studies were performed left ventricular tissue from dogs humans HF, compared healthy donor human hearts. Dogs randomized to 3 months ELAM or vehicle. The following evaluated dog...

Abstract Geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) represent a significant space weather issue for power grid and pipeline infrastructure, particularly during severe geomagnetic storms. In this study, magnetometer data collected from around the world are analyzed to investigate GICs caused by 2015 St. Patrick's Day storm. While GIC activity in high‐latitude regions due storm time substorm is shown event, enhanced was also measured at two equatorial stations American Southeast Asian sectors....

Legume crops contribute a great portion of clean nitrogen (N) to agro-ecosystems through symbiotic N2 fixation in the nodule; however, nodulation is always inhibited by high N availability which known as inhibitory effect largely unknown mechanisms. We functionally investigated miR169c-GmNFYA-C-GmENOD40 under multiple conditions soybean (Glycine max) (ENOD, Early Nodulin; NFYA, Nuclear Factor-Y Subunit A). elucidated their regulatory roles analyzing expression patterns, micro-messenger RNA...

Nowadays, the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have become an effective atmospheric observing technique to remotely sense precipitable water vapor (PWV) mainly due their high spatiotemporal resolutions. In this study, from investigation for relationship between GNSS-derived PWV (GNSS-PWV) and heavy precipitation, it was found that several hours before probably start with a noticeable increase followed by steep drop. Based on finding, new model including five predictors...

The convolutional neural network (CNN) method has been widely used in the classification of hyperspectral images (HSIs). However, efficiency and accuracy HSI are inevitably degraded when small samples available. This study proposes a multidimensional CNN model named MDAN, which is constructed with an attention mechanism, to achieve ideal performance within framework few-shot learning. In this model, three-dimensional (3D) layer carried out for obtaining spatial–spectral features from 3D...

A method is proposed to improve the GPS broadcast ionospheric time-delay correction accuracy, using observation data from globally distributed international GNSS service (IGS) stations and Crust Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC). new set Klobuchar-Self coefficients can be estimated method. Primary results demonstrate that refined developed may provide better delay corrections for single-frequency receivers standard single point positioning accuracies.