Background and Purpose— To provide further insight into the MRI assessment of age-related white matter changes (ARWMCs) with visual rating scales, 3 raters different levels experience tested interrater agreement comparability widely used scales in a cross-sectional follow-up setting. Furthermore, correlation between ratings quantitative volumetric measurement was assessed. Methods— Three from sites using established (Manolio, Fazekas Schmidt, Scheltens) evaluated 74 baseline scans 5 European...

To determine the effects of MRI white matter hyperintensities (WMH) on cognitive functioning, we used neuropsychologic tests and to study 150 elderly volunteers free neuropsychiatric or general disease. There were 76 (50.3%) individuals without 74 (49.7%) with WMH. The latter subset was older (61.3 ± 6.6 years versus 58.5 5.8 years, <i>p</i> = 0.0051, had a higher mean arterial blood pressure (103.7 11.4 mm Hg 99.9 10.3 Hg, 0.03), larger ventricular-to-intracranial-cavity ratio (6.3 5.6% 4.7...

OBJECTIVE: To determine if postmenopausal women receiving estrogen perform better on demanding cognitive tests than without replacement and this beneficial effect cognition is caused by estrogen‐related prevention of silent ischemic brain damage. DESIGN: Cross‐sectional study comparing users non‐users. SETTING: Austrian Stroke Prevention Study PARTICIPANTS: A total 70 currently using 140 who have never used from a subset 222 neuropsychiatric or general disease undergoing extensive diagnostic...

Article abstract We administered the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (MDRS) to 1,001 healthy volunteers, aged 50 80 years, randomly selected from our community. Multivariate regression analysis revealed educational level (<i>p</i> = 0.000004) and age 0.00001), but no other sociodemographic or risk factors for stroke, be significantly associated with MDRS score. The age- education-specific lowest quintile cutoff scores ranged 140 in subjects 59 years at least college experience 130 70 only 4 9...

Pain is a major burden for society and great challenge public health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association socio-economic status (SES) with pain, assess if there were differences in impairment due even when same level pain reported. Data sourced from Austrian Health Interview Survey 2006-2007, population based nation-wide survey 15,474 respondents. SES, on education, income profession inversely gradually associated prevalence severe number indicated painful body sites,...

Abstract Background To halt the spread of COVID-19, Austria implemented a 7-week ‘lockdown’ in March/April 2020. We assess whether ensuing reduction social contacts led to increased loneliness among older adults (60+). Methods Three analyses were conducted: (i) comparison between pre-pandemic (SHARE: 2013–17) and pandemic (May 2020) levels (UCLA-3 scale), (ii) an assessment cross-sectional correlation being affected by COVID-19 restriction measures (iii) longitudinal analysis weekly changes...

Background Whether or not, and how, health inequalities change throughout older age is currently under debate. The goal of this study was to assess the net impact education, occupational class, income wealth on frailty trajectories among adults in Continental Europe. Methods We modelled index within a repeated cohort design community-dwelling population (50+) 10 countries, using growth curve models based 54 036 observations from 20 965 respondents 4 waves (2004–2013) Survey Health, Ageing...

Abstract Background Monitoring trajectories of intrinsic capacity (IC) in older adults has been suggested by the World Health Organization as a means to inform prevention avoid or delay negative health outcomes. Due lack longitudinal studies, it is currently unclear how IC changes over time and whether repeatedly measured predicts Methods Based on 4 751 repeated observations (range = 0–100) during 21 years follow-up among 754 70 older, we assessed IC, time-varying predicted risk chronic...

To search for a morphologic basis of cognitive impairment possibly associated with essential hypertension, we studied 35 otherwise asymptomatic hypertensive individuals (mean age, 38.7 years; range, 22 to 49 years) and 20 normotensive control subjects 37.9 26 using neuropsychologic tests magnetic resonance imaging. Irrespective drug treatment, performed significantly worse than did when assessed verbal memory total learning capacity, while there were no differences in test results visual...

To test the reliability of four previously proposed MRI criteria for diagnosis MS, we reviewed 1,500 consecutive brain scans presence, number, size, and location areas increased signal (AIS) on proton-density T₂-weighted images, unaware patients9 clinical presentations ages. This series included 134 subjects with a MS. Relying exclusively presence at least three or AIS positive MS resulted in high sensitivity (90% 87% four) but inadequate specificity (71% 74% predictive value (23%...

Population-based studies have consistently shown that our diet has an influence on health. Therefore, the aim of study was to analyze differences between different dietary habit groups in terms health-related variables. The sample used for this cross-sectional taken from Austrian Health Interview Survey AT-HIS 2006/07. In a first step, subjects were matched according their age, sex, and socioeconomic status (SES). After matching, total number included analysis 1320 (N = 330 each form –...

frailty fluctuations, that is, within-person up and down deviations from individual long-term index trajectories represent a hitherto both conceptually empirically untapped facet of among older adults. to assess the size fluctuations in old age their association with levels, growth as well sex socio-economic position. total 18,704 biannual observations 4,514 community-dwelling adults (65+) 10 European countries over 12 years Survey Health, Ageing Retirement Europe (SHARE) were analysed. A...

Previous research demonstrated substantial associations between frailty and depression in late life, but it remains unclear whether this relationship is best explained by reciprocal influences of these variables or common causes. This study investigated the interdependencies across time examining cross-lagged effects within individuals, while accounting for variability baseline levels long-term development individuals.We modeled longitudinal data from six panel waves gathered Survey Health,...

Abstract Background The frailty index (FI) is an established predictor of all-cause mortality among older adults, but less known with regard to cause-specific mortality, and whether the predictive power FI varies between men women by socio-economic position. Methods We assessed during 8 years follow-up (median = 7 years) population-representative sample adults (65 + , n 2,561) from European Health Interview Survey in Austria (ATHIS 2014). A at baseline was constructed 41 health deficits....

Previous research examining the relationship between loneliness and depressive symptoms often treated these constructs as static traits rather than dynamic states. The current study focused on short-term, prospective link symptoms, while also analyzing potential gender differences. We modeled panel data from seven bi-weekly assessments gathered in FRequent health Assessment In Later life (FRAIL70+) study. At baseline, sample size amounted to N = 426 community-dwelling older adults aged 70...

SYNOPSIS Studies on the prevalence of MRI signal abnormalities in brains migraineurs have yielded controversial results. In order to provide further data this issue we reviewed scans 38 migraine patients without current neurologic symptoms (mean age 35.8 ± 11.9 years). addition, compared findings those 24 under 50 years major cerebrovascular risk factors 30.1 9.0 years) that 14 headache and factor free volunteers 37.8 5.3 Overall, focal areas hyperintense were seen 15 (39%) patients. They...

BackgroundPrevious research found poverty to be associated with adverse health outcomes among older adults but the factors that translate low economic resources into poor physical are not well understood. The goal of this analysis was assess impact material, psychosocial, and behavioural as education in explaining poverty-health link.

Recent research highlights the importance of both job resources and personal in demands-resources model. However, results previous studies on how these are related to each other they operate relation health-impairment process model ambiguous. Thus, authors tested an alternative model, considering be domains same underlying factor linking this process. Survey data two Austrian occupational samples (N 1 = 8657 N 2 9536) were analyzed using confirmatory analysis (CFA) structural equation...

Abstract Background Baseline frailty index (FI) values have been shown to predict mortality among older adults, but little is known about the effects of changes in FI on mortality. Methods In a coordinated approach, we analyzed data from 4 population-based cohorts: Health and Retirement Study (HRS), Survey Health, Ageing Europe (SHARE), English Longitudinal (ELSA), Aging Amsterdam (LASA), comprising total 24 961 respondents (65+), 95 897 observations, up 9 repeated assessments, 23 years...

Consistent and reproducible estimates of the underlying true level frailty are essential for risk stratification monitoring health changes. The purpose this study is to examine reliability index (FI).

Abstract Background Previous research indicates that frailty and loneliness are interrelated. The aim of this study is to analyze their possible reciprocal relationship while disentangling between- within-person effects. separation these sources variance vital for a better understanding potential causal mechanisms. Methods Within the FRequent health Assessment In Later life (FRAIL70+) project, participants aged 70 over completed two measurement bursts spread one year apart with seven...

Rásky É (Institute of Social Medicine, Karl Franzens Universitāt, UniversitātssraBe 6/1, A-8010 Graz, Austria), Stronegger W-J and Friedl W. The relationship between body weight patterns smoking in men women. International Journal Epidemiology 1996; 25: 1208–1212. In the scientific literature, studies cigarette yield conflicting results. Weight-lowering effects women have been associated with smoking, however, no on proven. purpose this study was to examine gender-related association...

The advent of new laboratory methods and noninvasive imaging modalities has extended the diagnostic possibilities in normal individuals. This article elaborates options for assessment stroke risk offered by these techniques. In this context we present Austrian Stroke Prevention Study, which is first prospective long-term investigation normals that includes Doppler sonography, magnetic resonance single photon emission computed tomography. design, utility limitations study are discussed.

ABSTRACT The study examines whether social capital affects health of older people more strongly than it younger individuals. Following Pierre Bourdieu's concept, has been analysed on a cognitive dimension, distinguishing between institutional and informal capital. analysis is based the data Austrian Health Interview Survey 2006–07 with representative sample 15,575 people. Multivariate linear regression models were calculated. Measures operationalised by indices quality life inventory World...