A5032276136- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Hepatitis C virus research
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
University of Maryland, Baltimore
2013-2023
Tulane University
2005-2006
Cornell University
2006
Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University
1998-2005
Abstract Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection functional cure is defined as sustained loss of HBsAg and several therapeutic strategies are in clinical development designed to pharmacologically reduce serum HBsAg, break immune tolerance, increase rates. However, little known about pre-treatment levels an indicator HBV potential. Here, we compared the phenotypes HBV-specific response lymphocytes CHB patients stratified by <500 (HBs lo ) or >50,000 IU/ml hi using immunological assays (flow...
CD38, a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)+ glycohydrolase, is considered an activation marker of T lymphocytes in humans that highly expressed during certain chronic viral infections. cells constitute heterogeneous population; however, the expression and function CD38 has been poorly defined distinct cell compartments. We investigated naïve effector subsets peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMCs) from healthy donors people with HIV (PWH) using flow cytometry. Further, we examined impact...
Abstract Background Lassa hemorrhagic fever (LHF) is a rodent-borne viral disease that can be fatal for human beings. In this study, an attenuated vaccine candidate, ML29, was tested in SIV-infected rhesus macaques its ability to elicit immune responses without instigating signs pathognomonic arenavirus disease. ML29 reassortant between and Mopeia viruses causes transient infection non-human primates confers sterilizing protection from lethal challenge. However, since the LHF endemic area of...
Abstract Spontaneous or treatment induced seroconversion in chronic HBV infection is rare and generation of anti-HBs antibodies the current goal therapeutics. Here we investigated B follicular T helper (Tfh) cell defects that persist despite long-term nucleos(t)ide analog (NUC) possible mechanisms behind them. RNA sequencing revealed patient cells have upregulated expression multiple inhibitory receptors including members FcRL family downregulation genes involved antigen presentation. An...
Studies in nonhuman primates indicate that changes the thickness and integrity of vaginal epithelium affect transmission rates HIV-1, but few studies have examined normal variations may occur vagina macaques as a result aging or menstrual cycle. This study was conducted to determine if differences mucosa with age menses. Vaginal mucosal compared 46 rhesus grouped juvenile (1-3 years old), mature cycling (3-21 geriatric (> 21 old). Epithelia were also at different stages Older females years)...
Between 1997 and 1999 several cases of a new disease in Muscovy ducks were reported Pennsylvania, USA. The characterized by locomotor dysfunction, weakness, recumbency, 40 to 60% morbidity 10 40% mortality. most characteristic microscopic lesions moderate severe degenerative rhabodomyopathy. In order characterize the aetiological agent, virus isolation was attempted from spleen, liver, heart, skeletal muscle intestine inoculation 14-day-old duck embryos with tissue homogenates. Deaths...
The influence of alcohol consumption on HIV pathogenesis is not well understood. In this study we used the SIV/macaque model infection to chronic binge simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection. Rhesus macaques were fed or isocaloric amounts sucrose via indwelling intragastric catheters and then inoculated with SIVmac251 by rectal route. Real-time RT-PCR for SIV gag mRNA showed significantly higher plasma viral copies in alcohol-consuming at 4 6 weeks pi, compared controls. 1 2 logs...
We investigated the genetics of Fc receptors, which function as activating receptors on immune cells and help to control HIV through antibody-mediated cellular cytotoxicity. Thus, may be important for virus immunity but might also promote hyperactivation that would enhance infection.We measured abundance low high activity alleles in two receptor genes, FCGR2A FCGR3A, persons with disease, natural suppressors (HIV+, without disease) healthy controls show whether genotypes were associated...
Lassa virus (LASV) is the causative agent of Fever and responsible for several hundred thousand infections thousands deaths annually in West Africa. LASV non-pathogenic Mopeia (MOPV) are both rodent-borne African arenaviruses. A live attenuated reassortant MOPV LASV, designated ML29, protects rodents primates from challenge appears to be more than MOPV. To gain better insight into LASV-induced pathology mechanism attenuation we performed gene expression profiling human peripheral blood...
Identifying signaling pathways that induce B cell response can aid functional cure strategies for chronic hepatitis infection (CHB). TLR8 activation with ssRNA was shown to enhance follicular helper T (T FH ) function leading improved responses in vitro . We investigated whether this mechanism rescue an exhausted immune CHB infection. Effect of agonism on supporting cytokines and cells were evaluated using ex vivo assays. The ability oral agonist promote tested samples from phase 1b clinical...
Summary Treatment for chronic hepatitis C virus ( HCV ) infection has rapidly evolved into interferon‐free directly acting antiviral regimens DAA that result in high sustained virologic response. s primarily work by suppressing replication and rely less on the immune system than interferon‐based therapies. However, it is unclear whether recovers with suppression of contributes to clearance therapy. We previously demonstrated associated increased ‐specific immunity CHCV ‐ GT ‐1‐infected...
Abstract Immune dysfunction is a hallmark of chronic HCV infection and viral clearance with direct antivirals recover some these immune defects. TCRVγ9Vδ2 T‐cell in treated patients however not well studied was the subject this investigation. Peripheral blood cells from who had achieved sustained virologic response (SVR) or those relapsed after interferon‐free therapy were phenotyped using flow cytometry. Functional potential Vγ9Vδ2 T tested by measuring proliferation to aminobisphosphonate...
Prolonged antiretroviral therapy (ART) with effective HIV suppression and reconstitution of CD4 T cells, fails to restore CD8 cell lytic effector function that is needed eradicate the viral reservoir. Better understanding phenotype circulating cells in patients will contribute new targeted therapies directed at increasing destruction We show from ART treated had sharply reduced expression CD56 (neural adhesion molecule-1), a marker associated cytolytic whereas elite who control absence CD56+...
Summary: We recently demonstrated that simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) viral loads were significantly higher in the plasma of rhesus macaques consuming alcohol compared with controls following intrarectal SIV infection. To understand possible reasons behind increased replication, here we assessed effects chronic consumption on distribution and cycling various lymphocyte subsets intestine. Macaques administered (n = 11) or sucrose 12), percentages memory naive activated blood, lymph...
Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) affects over 350 million people worldwide. Current treatment does result in reduced complications; however, a cure (development of antibodies to the S antigen) is not achieved, requiring life-long therapy. Humoral responses contribute viral elimination by secreting neutralizing antibodies; though, effective induction humoral immunity require CD4T cell differentiation into T follicular helper (T FH ) cells that support response through interleukin-21 (IL-21). In CHB,...