Holey gold: Highly selective aerobic oxidation of methanol over alkylamines was achieved with a reusable nanoporous gold (AuNPore) catalyst that fabricated from Au-Ag alloy. This excellent chemoselectivity enabled direct N-formylation mixture and amines. The remarkable catalytic activity attributed to the synergistic effect between residual silver remaining in AuNPore.

Nanoporous metallic glass Pd, which was fabricated by dealloying of a glassy alloy Pd(30)Ni(50)P(20), exhibited remarkable catalytic activity for the Suzuki-coupling reaction between iodoarenes and arylboronic acids under mild conditions. Moreover, catalyst can be reused several times without significant loss activity.

Timely and nondestructive monitoring of leaf area index (LAI) using remote sensing techniques is crucial for precise efficient management crops. In this paper, a new spectral (SI) estimating LAI winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) proposed on the basis field hyperspectral measurements. A simple based empirical relationships between LAIs SIs all available two-waveband combinations from data developed by considering difference reflectance values at 760 739 nm (DSIR760–R739 = R760 – R739)....

α-Arylalkenes and trialkyl-substituted alkenes undergo carboxylation with CO2 in the presence of EtAlCl2 2,6-dibromopyridine to afford corresponding α,β- and/or β,γ-unsaturated carboxylic acids. This reaction is suggested proceed via electrophilic substitution aid base, followed by carbonation resulting ate complex. can be applied terminal dialkylalkenes using a mixture 2,6-di-tert-butylpyridine 2,6-dibromopyridine.

[reaction: see text] A variety of substituted quinolines are synthesized from imines and enolizable carbonyl compounds under aerobic conditions, in which only water is a byproduct. In DMSO, catalytic amount HCl activates quite effectively to give the quinolines. simple practical procedure demonstrated on large scale.

A variety of terminal alkenes, as well heteroaromatic compounds, are borylated by the combined use BBr3/2,6-dichloropyridine (B3) or BBr3/2,6-lutidine (B5). α,α-Diarylalkenes prefer former reagent combination, while other alkenes latter. Mechanistic considerations strongly suggest that and latter reactions proceed through electrophilic substitution with BBr3 [BBr2·B5]+BBr4-, respectively.

Abstract Nanoporous metallic glass palladium (PdNPore), which was fabricated by de‐alloying of a glassy alloy Pd 30 Ni 50 P 20 , exhibited remarkable catalytic activity for the Heck reaction versatile aryl iodides and bromides. Moreover, PdNPore can be reused several times without significant loss activity, has ahigher resistance to leaching than black on carbon.

The nanoporous AuPd (AuPdNPore) alloy catalyst showed superior chemoselectivity and high catalytic activity for the direct 1,4-hydrosilylation of conjugated cyclic enones with hydrosilane in comparison monometallic Au Pd catalysts. enhanced properties AuPdNPore arise mainly from structure synergistic effect alloy.

In wideband direct sequence code division multiple access (W-CDMA), employing an adaptive antenna array is a very promising technique to reduce severe interference (MAI) from high rate users. A four-antenna pilot symbol-assisted coherent diversity (PSA-CAAAD) receiver comprising based on minimum mean squared error (MMSE) criterion and RAKE combiner implemented in preliminary laboratory field experiments. There are two important design concepts of the PSA-CAAAD receiver. The first that forms...

Powdery crystals of p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene (2) selectively include EtOH from 1:1 mixtures MeOH–EtOH and EtOH–PrOH, EtCO2H HCO2H–EtCO2H. On the other hand, no acid is included HCO2H–MeCO2H, even though MeCO2H neat acid. The origins these phenomena are discussed based on X-ray analysis inclusion prepared separately by crystallization.

Molecular transformations using Au, Pd, and Cu nanoporous skeleton catalysts the reactivity difference between those corresponding well-known homogeneous molecular are described. Nanoporous (e.g., PdNPore) can be fabricated through dealloying of Pd-containing alloy Pd x M 1 y 2 z .

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness adding feature variables, such as forest type information and topographic- climatic-environmental factors satellite image data, on accuracy stand volume estimates made with k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) technique in southwestern Japan. Data from Forest Resources Monitoring Survey—a national plot sampling survey Japan—was used situ data study. obtained three Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) datasets acquired different...

Size-controlled nickel nanocrystals have been successfully synthesized using 2-octanol as the reducing agent. The elucidation of reduction mechanism ions by was monitored UV-vis spectrometry, FT-IR X-ray diffractometry and transmission electron microscopy formation intermediate layered hydroxides that subsequently undergoes to metallic identified. Although, particles obtained in 2-octanol–Ni acetate system were irregularly shaped with size sub-micrometer range, addition surfactants, hydroxyl...

Abstract The 5-8-5-membered tricyclic diterpene, cycloaraneosene, has been totally synthesized via the stereoselective condensation of two units optically active iridoids, Cope rearrangement and chemical reduction tetrasubstituted C=C bond. NMR spectrum synthetic 9α-hydroxycycloaraneosene was not identical with congener product, natural alcohol is likely to be 8β-hydroxyl derivative.

Low-temperature processable polymers have attracted increasing interest as ecological materials because of their reduced energy consumption during processing and suitability for making composites with heat-sensitive biomolecules at ambient temperature. In the current study, low-temperature biodegradable block copolymers were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization l-lactide (LLA) using polyphosphoester a macroinitiator. The polymer films could be processed under hydraulic pressure 35 MPa....

Friedel-Crafts-type acylation of alkenes with acyl chlorides has been successfully conducted a wide substrate scope by the combined use AlCl3 and 2,6-dibromopyridine. Trisubstituted afford allylketones or vinylketones depending on presence absence hydrogen atom(s) at β-position to site, while monosubstituted exclusively vinylketones.

This article reviews enhanced wireless access technologies and experimental evaluations of the wideband DS-CDMA physical layer employing intercell asynchronous operation with a three-step fast cell search method, pilot symbol-assisted coherent links, signal-to-interference plus background noise power ratio-based transmit control, site diversity (soft/softer handover), in forward link. The also presents link-capacity-enhancing techniques such as using an interference canceller adaptive...

A versatile metal: Germanium was effectively used in a novel and efficient method for the Mannich-type reaction between α-bromoketones simple N-alkyl imines (see scheme). Germanium(II) acts as reducing agent, forming nucleophile CC bond formation. The Mannich adduct is stabilized by germanium center. Various N-alkylaldimines, including enolizable formaldimines, can be this system. Supporting information article available on WWW under...