A5029444852- Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Gut microbiota and health
- Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Fungal Biology and Applications
- Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis
- Nail Diseases and Treatments
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Microbial Metabolism and Applications
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- Pressure Ulcer Prevention and Management
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Dermatologic Treatments and Research
- Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Research
- Gastroesophageal reflux and treatments
- Medicine and Dermatology Studies History
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Porphyrin Metabolism and Disorders
- Forest Insect Ecology and Management
- Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery
- Historical Medical Research and Treatments
- Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Plant and animal studies
University of Wisconsin–Madison
2021-2024
The microorganisms inhabiting human skin must overcome numerous challenges that typically impede microbial growth, including low pH, osmotic pressure, and nutrient availability. Yet the microbiota thrive on have adapted to these stressful conditions. limited nutrients available for use in this unique niche include those from host-derived sweat, sebum, corneocytes. Here, we developed physiologically relevant, synthetic skin-like growth media composed of compounds present sweat sebum. We find...
Bacterial secondary metabolites, synthesized by enzymes encoded in biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), can underlie microbiome homeostasis and serve as commercialized products, which have historically been mined from a select group of taxa. While evolutionary approaches proven beneficial for prioritizing BGCs experimental characterization efforts to uncover new natural dedicated bioinformatics tools designed comparative analysis within focal taxa are limited. We thus developed l ineage s...
The skin microbiome is a key player in human health, with diverse functions ranging from defense against pathogens to education of the immune system. While recent studies have begun shed light on valuable role that microorganisms maintaining barrier, detailed understanding complex interactions shape healthy microbial communities limited. Cobamides, vitamin B12 class cofactor, are essential for organisms across tree life. Because this only produced by limited fraction prokaryotes, cobamide...
Fungi shape the diversity of life. Characterizing evolution fungi is critical to understanding symbiotic associations across kingdoms. In this study, we investigate genomic and metabolomic genus
Alterations in upper respiratory microbiomes have been implicated shaping host health trajectories, including by limiting mucosal pathogen colonization. However, limited comparative studies of microbiome development and functioning across age groups performed. Herein, we perform shotgun metagenomic sequencing paired with inhibition assays to elucidate differences nasal oral composition healthy 24-month-old infant (n=229) adult (n=100) populations.
The skin microbiome is disrupted in atopic dermatitis (AD). Existing research focuses on moderate to severe, unmedicated disease.
Abstract Surgical site infections (SSI) continue to occur despite widespread adoption of surgical antiseptics. The effects chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG)-based antiseptics on the skin microbiome also remains undefined due confounding CHG persistence skin. Patients undergoing elective surgery were enrolled characterize immediate and long-term impact pre-surgical preparation with antiseptic microbial communities. Due broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity its propensity bind extracellular DNA,...
Alterations in upper respiratory microbiomes have been implicated shaping host health trajectories, including by limiting mucosal pathogen colonization. However, limited comparative studies of microbiome development and functioning across age groups performed. Herein, we perform shotgun metagenomic sequencing paired with inhibition assays to elucidate differences nasal oral composition intermicrobial interactions healthy 24-month-old infant (n = 229) adult 100) populations. We find that beta...
Microbial interactions mediating colonization resistance play key roles within the human microbiome, shaping susceptibility to infection from birth. To gain insight into microbiome-mediated defenses and respiratory pathogen dynamics, we sequenced analyzed nasal (n=229) oral (n=210) microbiomes with associated health/environmental data our Wisconsin Infant Study Cohort at age 24-months. Participants early-life lower tract (LRTI) were more likely be formula-fed, attend daycare, experience...
ABSTRACT The human skin microbiome is a key player in health, with diverse functions ranging from defense against pathogens to education of the immune system. While recent studies have begun shed light on valuable role that microorganisms maintaining healthy barrier, detailed understanding complex interactions shape microbial communities limited. Cobamides, vitamin B 12 class cofactor, are essential for organisms across tree life. Because this only produced by limited fraction prokaryotes,...
Abstract We developed lsa BGC, a bioinformatics suite that introduces several new methods to expand on the available infrastructure for genomic and metagenomic-based comparative evolutionary investigation of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). Through application four genera commonly found in skin microbiomes, we uncover multiple novel findings evolution diversity their BGCs. show virulence associated carotenoid staphyloxanthin Staphylococcus aureus is ubiquitous across genus but has largely...
ABSTRACT The microorganisms that inhabit human skin, collectively termed the skin microbiome, must overcome numerous challenges typically impede microbial growth, including low pH, osmotic pressure, and nutrient availability. Yet, microbiota thrive on have adapted to these stressful conditions. Limited nutrients are available for use in this unique niche, those from host-derived sweat, sebum, corneocytes. Here, we developed physiologically-relevant, skin-like growth media is composed of...
The skin and its microbiome function to protect the host from pathogen colonization environmental stressors. In this study, using Wisconsin Miniature Swine model, we characterize porcine fungal bacterial microbiomes, identify isolates displaying antifungal activity, use whole-genome sequencing biosynthetic gene clusters encoding for secondary metabolites that may be responsible antagonistic effects on fungi. Through comprehensive approach of paired with culturomics, report discovery novel...
The skin and its microbiome function to protect the host from pathogen colonization environmental stressors. In this study, using Wisconsin Miniature Swine™ model, we characterize porcine fungal bacterial microbiomes, identify isolates displaying antifungal activity, use whole-genome sequencing biosynthetic gene clusters encoding for secondary metabolites that may be responsible antagonistic effects on fungi. Through comprehensive approach of paired with culturomics, report discovery novel...
The human skin microbiome constitutes a dynamic barrier that can impede pathogen invasion by producing antimicrobial natural products. Gene clusters encoding for production of secondary metabolites, biosynthetic gene (BGCs), are enriched in the relative to other ecological settings, position this niche as promising source new product mining. Here, we introduce isolate collection, EPithelial Isolate Collection (EPIC). It includes large phylogenetically diverse set skin-derived bacterial...
The oral microbiome has been understudied as a reservoir for clinical pathogens, including drug-resistant strains. Understanding how alterations in functioning render this site vulnerable to colonization is essential, multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) carriage major risk factor developing serious infections. To advance our knowledge of MDRO and protection against pathogen conferred by native microbiota, we examined microbiomes from individuals colonized MDROs (n=33) non-colonized...
ABSTRACT Background The skin microbiome is disrupted in atopic dermatitis (AD). Existing research focuses on moderate-severe, unmedicated disease. Objective Investigate metagenomic- and culture-based bacterial strain-level differences mild, medicated AD, the effects these have human keratinocytes (HK). Methods Skin swabs from anterior forearms were collected 20 pediatric participants; 11 participants with AD sampled at lesional nonlesional sites 9 age- sex-matched controls). Participants had...