This paper presents a comprehensive study on the effective utilization of large-signal measurement data in nonlinear computer-aided design (CAD) process. To achieve this goal two distinctive, yet mutually complementary, approaches have been integrated. Measured was, first instance, directly integrated into CAD simulator, and second utilized for direct extraction behavioral model parameters. The formulation developed is based polyharmonic distortion approach. combination both subsequent...

Abstract The solar eclipse effects on the ionosphere are very complex. Except for ionization decay due to decrease of photochemical process, couplings matter and energy between regions above below will introduce much more disturbances. Five ionosondes in Northeast Asia were used record midlatitude ionospheric responses 20 May 2012. latitude dependence lag was studied first. f o F 2 response became slower with increased latitude. at different latitudes same obscuration differed from each...

Abstract Ionospheric responses to sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) are not well understood, particularly in the midlatitudes and under high solar conditions. During 2013 SSW, ionospheric disturbances were observed eight locations on meridional chain from 30.5°N 42.8°N northern China. The midlatitude ionosphere responded strongly SSW despite being flux. F 2 layer maximum electric density increased by more than 80%, peak height was elevated 60 km. Well‐set organized semidiurnal variations...

Abstract The solar eclipse on 15 January 2010 traversed Asia and completed its travel the Shandong Peninsula in China at sunset. Two vertical incidence ionosondes Wuhan Beijing oblique ionosonde network North were implemented to record ionospheric response eclipse. Following initial electron density decrease caused by eclipse, ionosphere was characterized a strong premidnight enhancement, subsequent decay, ~10 h later postmidnight enhancement. Neither geomagnetic disturbance occurred during...

Abstract The driving mechanism of the midlatitude field‐aligned irregularities (FAIs) has been in dispute for many years. experimental observations were carried out during solar eclipse 22 July 2009 Wuhan, China, to study possibility wave‐driven irregularities. A high‐frequency coherent scatter radar was used detect E region An ionosonde applied record trace gravity waves ionosphere. FAIs occurred at end with fluctuant Doppler. At same time, oscillations on fE s (maximum reflecting frequency...

Twin disc instruments are an essential tool for evaluating third body materials in the wheel/rail interface. testing results (from two different scale instruments) were proven to correlate exceptionally well with field performance of Top Rail products and Gauge Face greases. Furthermore, twin instrument was utilized evaluate friction characteristics (creep curve) Rolling Contact Fatigue (RCF) propagation potential TOR materials. Common environmental contaminants (leaves, clay, iron oxides)...

A solution allowing for the rapid, cost effective and accurate extraction of nonlinear Direct Waveform Look-Up table (DWLU) based behavioral models is presented in this paper. The model extracted a reformulation PHD model, now defined about non 50-Ohm reference impedance, enabling it to accurately predict load-pull contours. technique exploits simple active passive architecture numerical integration coefficient that necessitates only varying phase input stimulus during measurement. This...

A solution allowing for the rapid, cost effective and accurate extraction of nonlinear Direct Waveform Look-Up table (DWLU) based behavioral models is presented in this paper. The model extracted a reformulation PHD model, now defined about non 50-Ohm reference impedance, enabling it to accurately predict load-pull contours. technique exploits simple active passive architecture numerical integration coefficient that necessitates only varying phase input stimulus during measurement. This...

This paper introduces a new approach allowing for the direct utilization of large signal measurement data in PA CAD design process. A model, which we term as "truth lookup model", has been developed to import non-linear into simulator. Its implementation Agilent ADS simulator verified on several different types high frequency transistors. Through correct formulation look-up model" sets it found that this can accurately predict nonlinear behavior devices under CW excitations, even when...

This paper presents a new large signal modeling technique that makes substantial extension to the polyharmonic distortion (PHD) model concept. The accounts for influence of traveling wave <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> magnitude presented on output port variation S and T parameters. inherent relationship between parameters has been illustrated theoretically experimentally. Automated extraction procedure extended PHD is...

In the 2011 Tohoku tsunamigenic earthquake, ionospheric anomalies generated by tsunami-induced gravity waves were observed many types of instruments. Three digisondes and one Doppler receiver located in East Asia applied to investigate far-field response westward-propagating earthquake. Based on time-period spectrum analysis, oscillations between 20 36 min $fo\text{F}2$ (critical frequency F2 layer) curves variations each observation location identified. The horizontal group speed,...

To satisfy the demand for active remote sensing of ocean salinity, this paper proposes a Raman spectra, and temperature model seawater. Seawater is solution containing composite salt solute, changes in temperature, salinity seawater can affect intensity spectra. It difficult to directly analyze influence various factors on spectra Therefore, solutions single solute mixed were detected, effect different solutes was analyzed. The experimental results revealed variation low- high-frequency...

A new power transformer protection scheme based on equivalent excitation impedance is proposed to improve the performance of protection. Firstly, defined and analyzed. Analysis characteristics shows that fluctuates sharply in a frequency period when inrush current occurs transformer; internal faults occur, drops lower level fluctuation small; normal operation or external large small. Therefore constructed using mean square error impedance, which calculated by half-wave Fourier algorithm....

Abstract To observe a large area of ionosphere with relatively dense observing points, we design and implement an experimental multi‐transmitting multi‐receiving ionospheric detection network in China. Two transmitters located Wuhan Mile two receivers Kaiyuan Luxi are used to form the network. The radio echoes reflected at mid‐point between transmitter receiver. systems work simultaneously from can be recorded one ionogram With inversion technique, oblique‐incidence is converted...

In this paper, the influence of AC three-phase voltage unbalance problem in low-voltage distribution network on operating characteristics VSC is studied. This paper deduces expression negative sequence components unbalanced voltages after park transformation and develops simulation model DC network. The correctness theoretical derivation verified by simulation. order to study effects different degrees imbalance voltage, simulations levels 5%, 10%, 15% are performed separately. results show...

In this paper, the influence of AC three-phase voltage unbalance problem in low-voltage distribution network on operating characteristics VSC is studied. This paper deduces expression negative sequence component unbalanced after park transformation and develops simulation model DC network. The correctness theoretical derivation verified by simulation. simulations unbalances 5%, 10%, 15% were performed to investigate effects different voltage. results show that imbalance side will introduce a...

The ionospheric disturbances during the total solar eclipse of 22 July 2009 were observed by two ground-based high-frequency radio systems in Wuhan, China. An ionosonde recorded ionogram every 5 min; Wuhan Ionospheric Oblique Backscattering Sounding System detected echo range and Doppler variations with 1-min period. We found that periodic fluctuation top penetration frequency Es (fEs) irregularities spread appeared disappeared simultaneously after maximum. Moreover, wavelet analysis results...