ABSTRACT The usual method of fitting the model y = A n b exp(− cn ) to lactation data, by a multiple regression log e on and , can result in an ill-fitting curve. An analysis untransformed data provides better fit but requires more extensive computation simple approximation this procedure is given. Since parameters have no direct biological interpretation two alternative models are introduced, each having parameter measuring persistency lactation.

Abstract Two experiments are described in which two levels of winter feeding and three herbage allowance during the grazing season were imposed upon March/April calving British Friesian dairy cows. The treatments resulted differences live weight milk yield at turnout 35 53 kg 3·4 3·2 d ‐1 for trials. Subsequently, when grazed generous allowances, cows able to compensate much this difference but was restricted accentuated. Groups from each treatment offered 25, 50 or 75 (Experiment 1) 30, 70...

Past studies suggested that during early lactation and the transition period, higher plasma growth hormone (GH) levels in subclinical ketosis (SCK) might involve initiation of body adipose tissues mobilization, resulting metabolic disorders ruminants particularly hyperketonemia. The upregulated GH mRNA expression tissue may take part adipolysis process SCK-affected cows paves a way for study further. This aimed to characterize GH, β-hydroxybutyrate acid (BHBA) non-esterified fatty (NEFA)...

Abstract The effects of severity grazing on the herbage intake and milk production continuously stocked British Friesian cows calving in February–March were examined three experiments conducted years 1976–78 (experiments 1–3 respectively) using a put‐and‐take technique. In experiment 1 four severities imposed by maintaining swards with different masses (2500, 3000, 3500, 4000 kg OM ha ‐1 ); 2 3 there two maintained keeping canopies at constant heights 5 7 cm (experiment 2) 7·2 3). Cows...

SUMMARY Two trials were conducted, using 18 and 30 castrated male calves respectively, to investigate the importance of milk in diet during first 8 months life its effect on herbage intake live-weight change. Reconstituted substitute was fed a manner that simulated supply for lactation, yields 2101, 1635 1165 kg (Expt 1) 1906, 1609, 1304, 1005 701 2) over 240-day period. Calves purchased mid-February, when approximately 1 week old, housed individually until turned out graze at 10 weeks age....

Abstract Groups of eight Hereford × Friesian cows and their South Devon cross calves were set stocked over a 24‐week grazing season at 3·23 (low), 3·21 (medium) or 4·24 (high) ha ‐1 together with calves. For the first 8 weeks only two‐thirds total area was grazed. Increasing stocking rate from low to medium reduced daily milk yield cow calf liveweight gains by 1·2, 0·24 0·29 kg d respectively, high 0·23 . The main sward factor influencing faecal output herbage intake quantity organic matter...

SUMMARY Forty-eight Hereford × Friesian steer calves purchased at 7–10 days of age were reared on reconstituted milk substitute and groups 12 weaned 86, 128, 170 or 212 days. Six each weaning fed high (H) low (L) quantities normally associated with 240-day lactation yields 2000 1000 kg. Calves housed until day 63 the experiment then strip-grazed swards Loliun perenne a daily allocation herbage dry matter equivalent to 60 g/kg LW. Herbage intake per unit live weight prior was consistently...

ABSTRACT A new model is proposed to describe the lactation curve of a dairy cow. It uses fact that milk yield at given stage largely determined by in preceding stage. The written as: y t = λ(m 0 – m 1 t) + (1 λ)y t–1 . ≥ 1, ≤ λ where , and are current yields kg/week, constant × estimates fraction (1–λ) which adjusts level next persists used define measure persistency, P / weeks, rate decline kg/week constant.

Smilax china L. (Chinaroot) is a natural herb that has multiple uses, such as being used to make tea and food. Both its roots leaves have different uses due their unique components. In this study, we analyzed the extract of S. china. using LC-HRMS evaluated neuroprotective effects metabolic regulation on Caenorhabditis elegans. Chinaroot prolonged life span healthy nematodes, delayed paralysis time transgenic CL4176, reduced level β-amyloid deposition in CL2006. The comprehensive analysis...

Summary The effect of the amount milk consumed upon herbage intake and performance calves at pasture, following a standard rearing period, was investigated using 50 Hereford × Friesian purchased 10–12 days ofage. All were offered 6 kg reconstituted substitute for 58 day period indoors subsequent 31 pasture. Ten then allocated to each five treatments (0, 2, 4, 6, 10 kg/day) grazed further 63 days. daily allowance 60 g dry matter/kg live weight. Daily weight gain increased by 59 additional...

The differences in the improvement effects of SC II, IC II and celecoxib on MIA-induced osteoarthritis model rats were compared, results suggest may be superior to improving rats.

Abstract Earlier studies have concluded that for a dairy enterprise the most profitable conservation strategy, where cutting and grazing areas are separate, is generally associated with relatively low‐digestibility silage. The aim of this study has been to investigate whether conclusion remains true integrated. A mathematical model grass production utilization by developed from information collected variety experimental sources. It was found strategies aimed at making silage could not...

ABSTRACT In three experiments the effects of giving Hereford × Friesian cows 61 to 64 MJ/day metabolizable energy in last 8 weeks pregnancy, followed by either 49 56 (L) or 85 100 (H) for first lactation, were determined. A further comparison was made experiment 3, which intakes restricted 46 and (M) two periods respectively. The L M groups had a similar average weight loss approximately 55 kg over winter whereas H maintained their weight. treatments negligible effect on milk production at 3...

Summary Two experiments with dairy cows and one suckler their calves were conducted to examine the use of secretion rate measurements for estimating total milk production. In first experiment both 4- 6- h intervals between gave similar estimates 7-d yield. The second compared estimated measured composition as well Milk solids-not-fat yields underestimated a result an extended milking interval before measurement. However, fat yield was overestimated, indicating that all residual not removed...

Abstract The digestibility of herbage selected by dairy cows, milk‐fed calves, weaned calves and wether sheep was examined on four occasions each day as they strip‐grazed together a daily allocation herbage. average quality the material group similar. Organic matter declined from 0·274 to 0·223 height sward fell 16 6 cm; this decline slightly more rapid for cows than other stock. A similar trend also evident in samples cut simulate horizon removed prior sampling time.

SUMMARY Two trials were conducted to measure the herbage intake of South Devon cross calves suckling Hereford × Friesian cows and test validity applying relationships established between milk live-weight gain for artificially fed suckled calves. In Expt 1 intakes eight monitored. Their average consumption was 2250 kg their growth rate 1·14 kg/day. Both higher than those recorded in other studies with artificially-reared Nevertheless, it possible predict from relationship previously reared...

ABSTRACT Aims to investigate the effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) on production performance, metabolism, and anti-oxidative status Holstein dairy cattle in early lactation. Forty-eight multiparous were assigned four groups (CON, G20, G40 G80) supplied with 0, 20, 40, 80mg GSPE/kg body weight/day. G20 significantly increased milk yield compared other groups. Milk protein non-fat-solids G80 control group only at 7th day during experiment. No significant difference was...

ABSTRACT Forty-eight Hereford × Friesian cows and their South Devon calves were paddock grazed at high or low stocking rates of 412 206 per ha in experiment 1, either set stocked 4·12 2·74 experiments 2 to 4. There was no significant effect grazing system on milk yield, composition calf growth but paddock-grazed gained more weight than those stocked. Cows and, general, gave milk. Calf also higher 3 4 not 2. Milk significantly affected by rate. substantial increases live-weight gain the rate...

ABSTRACT The silage intake and growth rate of naturally suckled calves after weaning was less than that similar groups artificially reared animals had received lower quantities milk over the period to 8 months age. Although all linearly related level herbage prior weaning, those consuming least higher increase in intake. It concluded can be influenced for a considerable time by consumption achieved during suckling period.

Abstract Two experiments were carried out to determine whether the differences in intake and feeding value previously shown between two grass cultivars when offered ruminants as chopped artificially dehydrated (dried) material could also be demonstrated grasses other forms. of tetraploid Italian ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum ), Sabalan Tetila, established same field 1975. In 1976 they grazed conserved (two cuts primary growth) dried or silage. The composition herbage selected at pasture...