A5086275447- Radioactive Decay and Measurement Techniques
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
- Radiation Effects and Dosimetry
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Wind and Air Flow Studies
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Radiation Dose and Imaging
- Urban Heat Island Mitigation
- Climate variability and models
- Precipitation Measurement and Analysis
- Photovoltaic System Optimization Techniques
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems
- Spacecraft Design and Technology
Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace
2015-2024
École Polytechnique
2015-2024
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2015-2024
Sorbonne Université
2006-2024
Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
2021-2024
Centre d'Enseignement et de Recherche en Environnement Atmosphérique
2012-2024
Aptiv (France)
2024
École Normale Supérieure - PSL
2021-2024
École nationale des ponts et chaussées
2024
Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique
2012-2022
The Cloudnet project aims to provide a systematic evaluation of clouds in forecast and climate models by comparing the model output with continuous ground-based observations vertical profiles cloud properties. In models, properties are simplified expressed terms fraction grid box, which is filled cloud, together liquid ice water content clouds. These must get right if they correctly represent both their radiative key role production precipitation, but there few that show whether or not...
Abstract. Small changes in the radiation budget at earth's surface can lead to large climatological responses when persistent over time. With increasing debate on anthropogenic influences climatic processes during 1980s need for accurate radiometric measurements with higher temporal resolution was identified, and it determined that existing measurement networks did not have or accuracy required meet this need. In 1988 WMO therefore proposed establishment of a new international Baseline...
Abstract. Long-range-transported Canadian smoke layers in the stratosphere over northern France were detected by three lidar systems August 2017. The peaked optical depth of stratospheric layer exceeds 0.20 at 532 nm, which is comparable with simultaneous tropospheric aerosol depth. measurements satellite sensors revealed that observed plumes transported from wildfires after being lofted strong pyro-cumulonimbus. Case studies two observation sites, Lille (lat 50.612, long 3.142, 60 m a.s.l.)...
Abstract. Air pollution, in particular high concentrations of particulate matter smaller than 1 µm diameter (PM1), continues to be a major health problem, and meteorology is known substantially influence atmospheric PM concentrations. However, the scientific understanding ways which complex interactions meteorological factors lead high-pollution episodes inconclusive. In this study, novel, data-driven approach based on empirical relationships used characterize better understand...
Abstract The Aerosol, Clouds and Trace Gases Research Infrastructure (ACTRIS) officially became the 33rd European Consortium (ERIC) on 25 April 2023 with support of 17 founding member observer countries. As a pan-European legal organization, ACTRIS ERIC will coordinate provision data products short-lived atmospheric constituents clouds relevant to climate air pollution over next 15–20 years. was designed more than decade ago, its development funded at national levels. It included in Strategy...
Abstract. Ground-based remote sensing observatories have a crucial role to play in providing data improve our understanding of atmospheric processes, test the performance models, and develop new methods for future space-borne observations. Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, French research institute environmental sciences, created Site Instrumental de Recherche par Télédétection Atmosphérique (SIRTA), an observatory with these goals mind. Today SIRTA, located 20km south Paris, operates suite...
Abstract Today several lidar networks around the world provide large datasets that are extremely valuable for aerosol and cloud research. Retrieval of atmospheric constituent properties from profiles requires detailed analysis spatial temporal variations signal. This paper presents an algorithm called Structure Atmosphere (STRAT), which is designed to retrieve vertical distribution layers in boundary layer through free troposphere identify near-particle-free regions profile range at signal...
Abstract. Aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) measurements have been successfully used towards a better understanding of non-refractory submicron (PM1) aerosol chemical properties based on short-term campaigns. The recently developed Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM) has designed to deliver quite similar artifact-free information but for low cost, and perform robust monitoring over long-term periods. When deployed in parallel with real-time black carbon (BC) measurements, the combined data set...
Fog is a weather condition with significant socioeconomic impacts associated increased hazards and constraints in road, maritime, air traffic. While current numerical prediction models are able to forecast situations that favorable fog events, it very difficult determine the exact location time of formation or dissipation. One-dimensional assimilation-forecast have been implemented at few airports provide improved local predictions but this approach limited specific locations. The...
Abstract. Nitrous acid measurements were carried out during the MEGAPOLI summer and winter field campaigns at SIRTA observatory in Paris surroundings. Highly variable HONO levels observed campaigns, ranging from 10 ppt to 500 1.7 ppb winter. Significant mixing ratios have also been measured daytime hours, comprised between some tenth of 200 for campaign few 1 campaign. Ancillary measurements, such as NOx, O3, photolysis frequencies, meteorological parameters (pressure, temperature, relative...
Abstract The three main objectives of the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) Reference Upper-Air Network (GRUAN) are to provide long-term high-quality climate records vertical profiles selected essential variables (ECVs), constrain and calibrate data from more spatially comprehensive global networks, measurements for process studies that permit an in-depth understanding properties atmospheric column. In five years since first GRUAN implementation coordination meeting printing article...
Abstract. Six months of stratospheric aerosol observations with the European Aerosol Research Lidar Network (EARLINET) from August 2017 to January 2018 are presented. The decay phase an unprecedented, record-breaking perturbation caused by wildfire smoke is reported and discussed in terms geometrical, optical, microphysical properties. Enormous amounts were injected into upper troposphere lower stratosphere over fire areas western Canada on 12 during strong thunderstorm–pyrocumulonimbus...
Abstract Doppler cloud radars are amazing tools to characterize and fog properties improve their representation in models. However, commercially available (35 95 GHz) still very expensive, which hinders widespread deployment. This study presents the development of a lower-cost semioperational 95-GHz radar called Bistatic Radar System for Atmospheric Studies (BASTA). To drastically reduce cost instrument, different approach is used compared traditional pulsed radars: instead transmitting...
Abstract. The eruption of the Icelandic volcano Eyjafjallajökull in April–May 2010 represents a "natural experiment" to study impact volcanic emissions on continental scale. For first time, quantitative data about presence, altitude, and layering cloud, conjunction with optical information, are available for most parts Europe derived from observations by European Aerosol Research Lidar NETwork (EARLINET). Based multi-wavelength Raman lidar systems, EARLINET is only instrument worldwide that...
Abstract. Ceilometer lidars are used for cloud base height detection, to probe aerosol layers in the atmosphere (e.g. detection of elevated Saharan dust or volcanic ash), and examine boundary layer dynamics. Sensor optics acquisition algorithms can strongly influence observed attenuated backscatter profiles; therefore, physical interpretation profiles requires careful application corrections. This study addresses widely deployed Vaisala CL31 ceilometer. Attenuated studied evaluate impact...
Abstract. During July 2009, a one-month measurement campaign was performed in the megacity of Paris. Amongst other platforms, three stationary sites distributed over an area 40 km diameter greater Paris region enabled detailed characterization aerosol particle and gas phase. Simulation results from FLEXPART dispersion model were used to distinguish between different types air masses sampled. It found that origin had large influence on measured mass concentrations secondary species...
Abstract. Simulations with the chemistry transport model CHIMERE are compared to measurements performed during MEGAPOLI (Megacities: Emissions, urban, regional and Global Atmospheric POLlution climate effects, Integrated tools for assessment mitigation) summer campaign in Greater Paris region July 2009. The volatility-basis-set approach (VBS) is implemented into this model, taking account volatility of primary organic aerosol (POA) chemical aging semi-volatile species. Organic main focus...
Abstract To realize the promise of improved predictions hazardous weather such as flash floods, wind storms, fog, and poor air quality from high-resolution mesoscale models, forecast models must be initialized with an accurate representation current state atmosphere, but lowest few kilometers are hardly accessible by satellite, especially in dynamically active conditions. We report on recent European developments exploitation existing ground-based profiling instruments so that they networked...
A detailed understanding of atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) processes is key to improve forecasting pollution dispersion and cloud dynamics in the context future climate scenarios. International networks automatic lidars ceilometers (ALC) are gathering valuable data that allow for height ABL its sublayers be derived near real time. new generation advanced methods automatically detect heights now exist. However, diversity ALC models means these algorithms need tailored instrument-specific...
Abstract A new generation of high-resolution (1 km) forecast models promises to revolutionize the prediction hazardous weather such as windstorms, flash floods, and poor air quality. To realize this promise, a dense observing network, focusing on lower few kilometers atmosphere, is required verify these with ultimate goal assimilating data. At present there are insufficient systematic observations vertical profiles water vapor, temperature, wind, aerosols; major constraint absence funding...