Phase junction is often recognized as an effective strategy to achieve efficient charge separation in photocatalysis and photochemistry. As a crucial factor determine the photogenerated charges dynamics, there increasingly hot debate about energy band alignment across interface of phase junction. Herein, we reported direct measurement surface potential profile over TiO2 A built-in electric field up 1 kV/cm from rutile anatase nanoparticle was detected by Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM)....

The key to phase junctions for efficient charge separation is consider both the alignment and interface structure.

Ultrasmall CoO_x nanoparticles on sulfonated graphite exhibit highly efficient water oxidation activity and can be used for electrochemical solar oxidation.

TiO₂nanorods hydrothermally prepared from acid-free media show potential as the building blocks of perovskite solar cells.

Deposition of cocatalyst is an efficient way for photocatalytic water splitting to improve solar energy conversion efficiency, and its deposition method has been known make a great effect. In this work, we introduced sulfurization-assisted load earth-abundant cobalt the purpose promoting oxidation performance Sm2Ti2S2O5 oxysulfide that characterized with wide visible light absorption. The here undergoes first formation CoSx by sulfurization at high temperature subsequent into CoOx...

The photoelectrochemical water oxidation efficiency of photoanodes is largely limited by interfacial charge-transfer processes. Herein, a metal oxide electron-transport layer (ETL) was introduced at the substrate–electrode interface. Hematite prepared on Li+- or WO3-modified substrates deliver higher photocurrent. It inferred that Li-doped Fe2O3 (Li:Fe2O3) with lower flat band potential than bulk formed. Li:Fe2O3 and WO3 are proved to function as an expressway for electron extraction. Via...

Fabrication of photoelectrodes on a large-scale, with low-cost and high efficiency is challenge for their practical application in photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. In this work, typical plate-like WO(3) photoanode was fabricated chemical etching the as-prepared mixed tungsten-metal oxides (W-M-O, M = Cu, Zn or Al) by reactive magnetron co-sputtering technique, which results greatly enhanced PEC performance oxidation comparison that obtained from conventional sputtering method. The...

The effects of hydrogen bonds on the molecular structure water-tetrahydrofuran (H2O-THF), water-dimethyl sulfoxide (H2O-DMSO), and water-tetrahydrofuran-dimethyl (H2O-THF-DMSO) in binary aqueous solutions ternary were studied using Raman spectroscopy. results indicate that solution, addition THF DMSO will generate with water molecules, resulting changes peak positions S=O C-O bonds. Compared solutions, between THF, H2O are competitive, bond competition is susceptible to content. In addition,...

The σ–σ* transition of C–C bond in C n F 2n+2 molecules was studied by deep UV resonance Raman spectroscopy. With the σ selectively excited laser at 177.3 nm, spectra were obtained on our home‐assembled spectrograph. bands 1299, 1380 and 2586 cm −1 due to skeletal stretching modes are evidently enhanced owing effect. Based theoretical calculation results, it is proposed that electronic geometry σσ* state displaced along directions perpendicular parallel skeleton, not dissociative...

Spontaneous Raman scattering is an attractive optical technique for the analysis of gases and liquids; however, their low densities notoriously weak cross sections demand enhancement spontaneous signal detection. Here, we have developed a simple but highly effective fast to enhance from liquids. The based on principle integrating sphere, which realizes multiple pass actions low-energy pump light collection all scattered sample volume 2 mL. By measuring ambient air with exposure time 180 s,...

Abstract We introduce a novel methodology, based on in situ X-ray tomography measurements, to quantify and analyze 3D crack morphologies biological cellular materials during damage process. Damage characterization is challenging due the difficulty of identifying registering cracks from complicated network structure. In this paper, we develop pipeline computer vision algorithms extract patterns large volumetric dataset measurement obtained compression test. Based hybrid approach using both...

Abstract Our work reported that the so-called pure carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be synthesized without metallic catalyst by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The as-prepared CNTs have average diameter of 50 nm and length over several microns. Analysis intermediate objects in products indicates their formation mechanism follows wire-to-tube model. Besides, according to thermodynamic analysis driving force combing with experimental results, we find thermal gradient effectively favor our...

Surface tension and Raman spectra containing hydrogen bonding in acetonitrile aqueous solutions with different mole ratios were obtained. Varied surface the mixed solution discussed. For this purpose, OH stretching bands fitted into three Gaussian components to which hydrogen-bonded water samples assigned. Furthermore, microstructures of binary analyzed. The results indicated that decreases dramatically enhancement bonds mixture. A spectroscopic method for studying macroscopic properties was...

Raman spectroscopy is a powerful method of probing natural gas components, but higher sensitivity, greater miniaturization, and lower cost techniques are required. Therefore, we designed integrating sphere-enhanced technology in volume 40 × 20 cm3 based on the principle sphere reflection. This consists two parts: first an model to collect scattered signals, second right-angle light-boosting system increase optical path pump light sample. has detection limit 0.5 ppm air with exposure time 600...

In recent years, biotechnology has been widely used in production and living. The research on processing biomaterials developing them into new functional types also gradually carried out. this paper, the influence of water content microbial material extinction properties infrared band was studied from aspects composition structure. sample moisture established. qualitative law between particle its absorption property given. quantitative relationship scattering calculated. Under conditions...

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were prepared on Si substrate by radio frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition with Ni/MgO as catalyst. The morphology and microstructure of CNTs characterized X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, transmission microscopy. results show that increasing MgO concentration in the catalyst diameter becomes smaller more uniform their purity crystallinity are improved. Open or close carbon nano-onion structure is formed at top CNTs,...

In this research, Ni/MgO is used as catalyst and CNTs were synthesized by radio-frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RF-PECVD), then liquid oxidation method was to purify CNTs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission (TEM), Raman spectroscope infrared spectroscopy study the influences of purification time on morphology microstructure The results show that RF-PECVD contain a great amount impurities. With increasing time, impurities decreased. Meanwhile, carboxyl...

Two chiral sulfur compounds, tert-butyl tert-butanethiosulfinate (1) and tert-butanesulfinamide (2), with inversion of configuration, have been studied by Raman optical activity (ROA) electronic circular dichroism combined density functional theory calculation. With the S-S linkage in 1, couplings between two tertiary carbon atoms often generate large ROA signals, whereas atom itself generally makes a contribution to signals 2 for similar vibrational modes. The conformational dependence...