A5076143773- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- Urban Transport and Accessibility
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Noise Effects and Management
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Obesity and Health Practices
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Global Health Care Issues
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Radiation Dose and Imaging
- Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Effects of Radiation Exposure
- Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Cancer Risks and Factors
- Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia research
- Infant Health and Development
St George's, University of London
2012-2024
University of London
2022
University of Liverpool
2012
Aintree University Hospital
2012
Imperial College London
2012
North Manchester General Hospital
2012
St George's Hospital
1997-2000
Medical Research Council
1988-2000
University Hospital Llandough
1998-2000
Royal Victoria Hospital
1998
In 1973 a survey was conducted among 12 year old children living in defined area of South Wales. 1988 the repeated same area, again children. Questionnaires were completed for all 965 population sample; peak expiratory flow rates performed on them all, and (except five children) after an exercise provocation test. The prevalence history wheeze at any time had increased from 17% to 22%, while that asthma 6% 12%. Current 4% 9%, but wheezing past not attributed remained 6%. tests suggested both...
<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To describe the incidence and prognosis of wheezing illness from birth to age 33 relation perinatal, medical, social, environmental, lifestyle factors. <b>Design</b>: Prospective longitudinal study. <b>Setting</b>: England, Scotland, Wales. <b>Subjects</b>: 18 559 people born on 3-9 March 1958. 5801 (31%) contributed information at ages 7, 11, 16, 23, years. Attrition bias was evaluated using 14 571 (79%) subjects. <b>Main outcome measure</b>: History...
<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To test the null hypothesis and there has been no change in prevalence or severity of childhood asthma over recent years. <b>Design</b>: Repeated population survey with questionnaires completed by parents followed home interviews parents. <b>Setting</b>: London borough Croydon, 1978 1991. <b>Subjects</b>: All children one year state private primary schools aged 7 1/2 to 8 years at screening survey. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Trends symptoms, acute...
<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To investigate whether changes in certain perinatal and social factors explain the increased prevalence of hay fever eczema among British adolescents between 1974 1986. <b>Design:</b> Two prospective birth cohort studies. <b>Setting:</b> England, Wales, Scotland. <b>Subjects:</b> 11 195 children born 3-9 March 1958 9387 5-11 April 1970. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Parental reports eczematous rashes or allergic rhinitis previous 12 months at age 16....
To study cause specific mortality of radiation workers with particular reference to associations between fatal neoplasms and level exposure radiation.Cohort study.United Kingdom.95,217 at major sites the nuclear industry.Cause death.Most standardised ratios were below 100: 83 unlagged, 85 a 10 year lag for all causes; 84 86 lagged cancers; 80 known other causes, indicating "healthy worker effect." The deficit lung cancer (75 76 lagged) was significant 0.1% level. Standardised significantly...
<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> A prospective cohort study of 2512 Welshmen aged 45–59 living in Caerphilly 1979–1983 was used to investigate associations between diet and lung function. <h3>METHODS</h3> At baseline (phase I) at five year follow up II), forced expiratory volume one second (FEV<sub>1</sub>) measured using a McDermott spirometer dietary data were obtained semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. <h3>RESULTS</h3> Good function, indicated by high maximum FEV<sub>1</sub> given age...
<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives:</b> To investigate the effect of <i>Chlamydia pneumoniae</i> infection on future development ischaemic heart disease and mortality. <b>Design:</b> Prospective longitudinal study. <b>Setting:</b> Caerphilly, South Wales. <b>Subjects:</b> Plasma specimens were collected during 1979-83<sup> </sup>from 1773 men aged 45-59 years. These tested for IgG IgA antibodies to <i>C (TW183) by microimmunofluorescence. <b>Outcome measures:</b> 13 year...
To investigate the association between bronchodilator treatment and death from asthma.Case-control study.33 health authorities or boards in Great Britain.532 patients under age 65 who died asthma 532 controls with a hospital admission for matched period, age, area.Odds ratios deaths associated prescription of bronchodilators other treatment, sensitivity analyses adjusting at onset, previous admissions, chronic obstructive lung disease, number drug categories.After full adjustment, there were...
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To identify environmental determinants of six symptoms associated with allergic disease in infancy. DESIGN: Infants were participants a prospective randomised controlled trial feeding practices families history atopy. SETTING: recruited two maternity hospitals S Wales and followed up the community for 1 year. PARTICIPANTS: Mothers 519 infants agreed to participate, but 36 excluded (mainly moving home or failing attend follow-up), leaving 483 study (253 male, 230 female)....
BACKGROUND: Data from two national British birth cohorts were used to measure the increase in prevalence of wheezing illness at age 16 between 1974 and 1986, investigate role several potential risk factors increase. METHODS: The occurrence self-reported asthma or wheezy bronchitis within past year, frequency attacks 16, compared 11,262 9266 children born one week 1958 1970, respectively. effects putative for asthma--including weight, maternal age, order, breast feeding, smoking pregnancy,...
Background —Associations have been suggested between Helicobacter pylori seropositivity, cardiovascular risk factors, and ischemic heart disease (IHD). The effect of this common infection on mortality is uncertain. Methods Results —Plasma specimens collected during 1979 to 1983 from 1796 men in Caerphilly, South Wales, were analyzed for IgG antibodies H . Cause death occurrence incident IHD events ascertained over an average 13.7 years certificates, hospital records, ECG changes at 5-yearly...
The effect of ambient air pollution on global variations and trends in asthma prevalence is unclear.Our goal was to investigate community-level associations between data from the International Study Asthma Allergies Childhood (ISAAC) satellite-based estimates particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 µm (PM₂.₅) nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), modelled ozone.We assigned PM₂.₅ NO₂ at a spatial resolution 0.1° × modeled ozone 1° 183 ISAAC centers. We used center-level severe as outcome...
Antioxidant vitamins have been postulated as a protective factor in asthma. The associations between the frequency of fresh fruit consumption summer, and prevalence self-reported asthma symptoms were investigated. analysis was based on 5,582 males 5,770 females, born England, Wales Scotland March 3-9, 1958 aged 33 yrs at time survey. 12-month period wheeze frequent inversely associated with intakes salad/raw vegetables positively smoking lower social class. After adjustment for mutual...
BACKGROUND: Prevalence surveys of asthma and/or wheezing among all children aged between 7 1/2 and 8 attending state private schools in the London Borough Croydon were conducted February 1978 1991. Two population based case-control studies drawn from survey responders used to investigate association childhood wheeze characteristics home environment assess whether changes these 1991 may have contributed an increase prevalence school children. METHODS: Information on exposure potential indoor...
The effect of withholding cows9 milk was examined in 487 infants at high risk allergic disease. Before birth they were randomly allocated either to a control group, most whom received preparations, or an intervention who offered soya based substitute. Eczema and wheezing occurred similar extent the two groups during first year life, although napkin rash, diarrhoea, oral thrush commoner especially three months. Breast feeding for any length time associated with reduced incidence diarrhoea.
<h3>Objective</h3> To examine the association of adult onset asthma with lifetime exposure to occupations and occupational exposures. <h3>Methods</h3> We generated histories for 9488 members British 1958 birth cohort up age 42 years. Blind status, jobs were coded International Standard Classification Occupations 1988 an Asthma Specific Job Exposure Matrix (ASJEM) expert re-evaluation step. Associations ASJEM exposures assessed in logistic regression models adjusting sex, smoking, social...
Spatio-temporal models are increasingly being used to predict exposure ambient outdoor air pollution at high spatial resolution for inclusion in epidemiological analyses of and health. Measurement error these predictions can nevertheless have impacts on health effect estimation. Using statistical simulation we aim investigate the effects such within a multi-level model analysis long short-term pollutant Our study was based theoretical sample 1000 geographical sites Greater London....
Few European studies investigating associations between short-term exposure to air pollution and incident stroke have considered subtypes. Using information from the South London Stroke Register for 2005-2012, we investigated daily concentrations of gaseous particulate pollutants subtypes in an ethnically diverse area London, UK.Modelled pollutant based on a combination measurements dispersion modelling were linked at postcode level events stratified by haemorrhagic ischaemic The data...