Normative contrast sensitivity (CS) data were obtained using the commercially available Pelli‐Robson chart from dominant eye of 30 young (mean (±SD) age 22.5 ± 4.3 years) and 42 older 70.2 6.7 subjects with normal healthy eyes. The majority found to have a CS 1.80 log units or above. 1.65 results both sides (A B) (15 15 older) these subjects. These measurements repeated under identical conditions, 2 weeks later. There was no significant difference between A B chart. scores shown be...

Background. The purpose of the study was to develop a questionnaire that could quantify quality life (QOL) people with refractive correction by spectacles, contact lenses, and surgery in prepresbyopic age group. Methods. developed validated using traditional methods Rasch analysis. A 90-item pilot through extensive literature search use professional lay focus groups. Pilot data were obtained from 306 subjects for item reduction produce 20-item Quality Life Impact Refractive Correction (QIRC)...

Abstract— Previous studies of contrast sensitivity changes with age have produced conflicting results. Most recent reports indicate that, increasing age, at medium and high spatial frequencies decreases. Whether this is caused by reduced retinal illumination due to senile pupillary miosis increased lens absorption, the greater light scatter aged eye or neural celt loss degeneration also in doubt. We measured functions 16 young (mean 21.5 ± 2.7 years) older 72 4.3 subjects normal healthy...

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant and negative impact on the nursing workforce. Immediate long-term actions must be taken to mitigate adverse effects of pandemic. Understanding these in various contexts is essential conduct research, implement innovative interventions, create supportive policies. This article provides comprehensive overview issues framework six key areas HealthImpact Workforce Strategy Model, including K-12 second-degree students, pre-requisite education,...

The Activities of Daily Vision Scale (ADVS) has been extensively validated by traditional methodology. In the current study, Rasch analysis was used to explore further validity ADVS and determine whether improvements could be made.Forty-three patients with cataract underwent visual acuity (VA) contrast sensitivity (CS) testing completed ADVS. data were analyzed value response scale item reduction explored. A shortened version original tested for criterion determining correlations VA CS.The...

We measured the contrast sensitivity (CS) of a group older subjects through natural pupils and compared results with those from younger subjects. also each subject's monochromatic ocular wave-front aberrations using crossed-cylinder aberroscope calculated their modulation transfer functions (MTF's) root-mean-squared (RMS) for fixed pupil diameters 4 mm 6 diameter. The CS at diameter MTF computed were found to be significantly poorer than group. However, showed very similar MTF's smaller RMS...

A standardized visual acuity technique is presented for use in anti‐cataract drug trials. Ferris Logmar charts were used repeatability studies of vision, and pinhole measurements twenty normal subjects (mean (±SD) age 64 ± 6.3 years). Visual shown to be the most repeatable thought suitable monitoring cataract progression. Repeated made on 29 cataractous eyes 15 67.8 7.2 score change 0.1 (one line) was a statistically significant change. This value can statistical analyses efficacy. The data...

ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To demonstrate the use of Quality Life Impact Refractive Correction (QIRC) questionnaire for comparing quality life pre-presbyopic individuals with refractive correction by spectacles, contact lenses, or surgery. METHODS: The 20-item QIRC was administered to 104 spectacle wearers, lens and who had undergone surgery (N =312). These groups were similar gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, error. main outcome measure overall score (scaled from 0 100), a related life....

LogMAR visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and glare measurements were made on 39 eyes of 18 cataractous subjects compared against normative data. Only cataracts one the main three morphological cataract types used‐cortical, nuclear posterior subcapsular. Results indicate that decline with is an intermediate high spatial frequency loss. For cortical a acuity less than 0.5 (Snellen equivalent better 6/18), there was no loss at lowest (1 c/deg). subcapsular cataracts, low did occur but...

Epidemiologic studies have indicated that elderly people who wear multifocal spectacles an increased risk of tripping, particularly on stairs. Yet no experimentally examined how wearing affects stair and step negotiation. The purpose this study was to determine the effects compared with single-distance vision minimum toe clearance tripping during negotiation in elderly.Nineteen healthy subjects (mean age, 71.4 years) performed a single up new level (heights, 7.5, 15, 22 cm) while (bifocals...

Purpose To determine whether there is a need for second eye cataract surgery or in one provides sufficiently adequate vision. Methods The vision of 43 patients was assessed using battery clinical tests, performance-based functional and quality life questionnaires, both before few months after surgery. Twenty-five underwent 18 first-eye returned to normal levels, control group 25 subjects similar age with normal, healthy eyes also assessed. Results Overall, greater improvements occurred most...

Abstract BACKGROUND Androgen deprivation is commonly prescribed for men with a rising prostate specific antigen level after radical prostatectomy, despite scant evidence regarding its efficacy and side effects. In the current study, authors compared measures of health‐related quality life (HRQOL) in who were treated androgen prostatectomy those underwent surgery but not deprivation. METHODS Medicare Provider Analysis Review (MedPAR) files used to identify had undergone prostatectomies...

To determine the influence of cataractous and refractive blur on postural stability limb-load asymmetry (LLA) to establish how changes with spatial frequency contrast visual stimulus.Thirteen elderly subjects (mean age, 70.76 +/- 4.14 [SD] years) no history falls normal vision were recruited. Postural was determined as root mean square [RMS] center pressure (COP) signal in anterior-posterior (A-P) medial-lateral directions LLA ratio average body weight placed more-loaded limb less-loaded...

Background. Visual acuity, increasingly measured using a logarithm of the minimum angle resolution (logMAR) chart, is “gold standard” by which outcomes vast majority clinical trials or interventions are judged. To allow comparison results across studies, it important that different charts provide equivalent results. Methods. In first experiment, we compared corrected visual acuity measurements from four logMAR (Bailey-Lovie, ETDRS, Regan, and Waterloo). second experiment unaided scored...

Many reports have indicated that some patients with cataract can retain good visual acuity but complain of significant problems. This is the first in a series papers trying to determine what causes these symptoms and whether other clinical tests predict real world vision loss.The effect simulation similar angular distribution light scatter as on (visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, disability glare) (face recognition, reading speed, mobility orientation) was investigated.The had relatively...