The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) has been widely applied to the explanation health and social behaviours. However, despite its potential inform behaviour change efforts, there have surprisingly few attempts use TPB design actual interventions. In 1998, Scottish Road Safety Campaign implemented a 3-year mass media campaign reduce speeding on Scotland's roads which was explicitly shaped by TPB's three main predictors: Attitude, Subjective Norms Perceived Behavioural Control. A 4-year...

Background This study examines whether young never smokers in Scotland, UK, who have tried an e-cigarette are more likely than those not, to try a cigarette during the following year. Methods Prospective cohort survey conducted four high schools UK February/March 2015 (n=3807) with follow-up 1 year later. All pupils (age 11–18) were surveyed. Response rates both years (87% 2015) and 2680/3807 (70.4%) of original completed survey. Analysis was restricted baseline ‘never smokers’...

Abstract Background Despite the clear policy intent to contain it, marketing of formula milk remains widespread, powerful and successful. This paper examines how it works. Methods The study comprised a mix secondary analysis business databases qualitative interviews with practitioners, some whom had previously worked in marketing. Results World Health Assembly Code aims shield parents from unfair commercial pressures by stopping inappropriate promotion infant formula. In reality widespread...

Abstract Aims To explore how the concept of lay epidemiology can enhance understandings drinkers make sense current UK drinking guidelines. Methods Qualitative study using 12 focus groups in four sites northern England and central Scotland. Participants were 66 male female drinkers, aged between 19 65 years, different socio‐economic backgrounds. Data analysed thematically a conceptual framework epidemiology. Results Current guidelines perceived as having little relevance to participants'...

Describes a study investigating the motivations of food retailers to engage in corporate socially responsible (CSR) activities. Focusing on confectionery retailing and merchandising, sought establish extent CSR activities for companies act as they do. An audit was first conducted nature This followed by series in‐depth interviews with key decision makers organisations, reveal behind their policies retailing. The authors found main driving merchandising decisions be space maximisation,...

Summary Individual interviews were conducted with 433 Glasgow children aged between 10 and 17. The findings consistent previous research in indicating that are much more aware appreciative of alcohol advertising than adults realize. They particularly television commercials for mass‐produced lagers. This is alcoholic drinks aimed at older teenagers young present qualities younger find attractive. There important differences under‐age drinkers non‐drinkers. Under‐age adept recognising...

Over 20% of women smoke throughout pregnancy despite the known risks to mother and child. Engagement in face-to-face support is a good measure service reach. The Scottish Government has set target that by 2010 8% smokers will have quit via NHS cessation services. At present less than 4% stop during pregnancy. We aimed establish denominator for pregnant Scotland describe proportion who are referred specialist services, engage one-to-one counselling, date 4 weeks later. This was descriptive...

To examine public views on COVID-19 vaccination and consider the implications for communications targeted support.Cross-sectional study.Online telephone nationally representative survey in Great Britain, January to February 2021.4978 adults. Survey response rate was 84%, among 5931 panellists invited.Sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, ethnicity, education, financial status), status, vaccine acceptance, trust information sources, perceptions of priority groups importance second...

Abstract Interviews were conducted with 848 Glasgow children aged between 11 and 14 years. There consistent differences smokers non‐smokers. Smokers tended to be more adept at recalling, recognizing identifying cigarette advertisements. This suggests they tend pay attention advertising. also generally appreciative of Moreover, this greater awareness appreciation advertising was independent other important predictors under‐age smoking, such as smoking by peers, siblings parents. These...

Informed consent may be seriously compromised if patients fail to understand the experimental nature of trial in which they are participating. Using focus groups, authors explored how prospective participants interpret and science clinical trials by using patient information sheets relative their medical condition. An opportunity was provided hear patients’ own words why there is variable understanding. Respondents struggled comprehend meaning purpose concepts such as randomisation double...

The use of incentives to promote smoking cessation is a promising technique for increasing the effectiveness interventions. This study evaluated outcomes and factors associated with success pregnant smokers who registered pilot incentivised scheme in Scottish health board area (NHS Tayside). All engaged between March 2007 December 2009 were included outcome evaluation which used routinely collected data. Data utilised included: National Smoking Cessation Dataset; weekly periodic carbon...

The harmful effects of heavy drinking on health have been widely reported, yet public opinion governmental responsibility for alcohol control remains divided. This study examines UK attitudes towards policies, identifies underlying dimensions that inform these, and relationships with perceived effectiveness. A cross-sectional mixed methods involving a telephone survey 3477 adult drinkers aged 16–65 sixteen focus groups 89 in Scotland England was conducted between September 2012 February...

Explores the rationale for, and value of, using projective enabling techniques in qualitative market research particular their application to researching “sensitive” issues. Defines these illustrates usage through a case study of conducted by Centre for Social Marketing, University Strathclyde. Concludes with discussion focusing on relevance, suitability level applicability research.

This paper focuses on the marketing of alcohol to young people in United Kingdom, but lessons that emerge have international significance. Alcohol is a global enterprise and recent consolidation means it controlled by decreasing number expanding multi‐nationals. companies are able allocate significant resources researching consumer preferences, developing new products promoting them an level. Recent years seen growth value youth culture attaches brand labels symbols move away from...

Abstract Six hundred and forty Glasgow children, initially aged between 11 14 years, were interviewed twice, with approximately one year interviews. Children whose intentions to smoke when older became more positive the two interviews tended be aware of cigarette advertising at time first interview (compared children negative both interviews). less appreciative advertisements Since groups differed from their respective contrast before declared changed, these findings support view that has...

This study explored how Covid-19 lockdown restrictions affected people’s daily smoking routines and behaviours, including adherence modifications to pre-established in the home. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with smokers non-smokers from households 19 27 weeks after first full UK ended May 2020. A non-probability purposive sample representing 25 adults aged 21 or over living at least 1 smoker recruited study. quota sampling strategy was used, according age, gender,...

Debate is ongoing about mandating COVID-19 vaccination to maximise uptake. Policymakers must consider whether mandate, for how long, and in which contexts, taking into account not only legal ethical questions but also public opinion. Implementing mandates among populations who oppose them could be counterproductive. Qualitative telephone interviews (Feb-May 2021) with British adults explored views on vaccine passports mandatory vaccination. Participants (n = 50) were purposively selected...

Scotland has a high incidence of mouth cancer, but public awareness and knowledge are low compared with other cancers. The West Cancer Awareness Project sought to increase cancer encourage early detection symptoms among an at-risk population people aged over 40 years from lower socio-economic groups using mass media approach. campaign aimed people's feelings personal risk, while also enhancing efficacy control. To achieve this, testimonial approach (using real tell their own stories) was...

Point of sale (POS) displays are one the most important forms tobacco marketing still permitted in many countries. Reliable methods for measuring exposure to such needed order assess their potential impact, particularly on smoking attitudes and uptake among young people. In this study we use a novel method evaluating POS based people's retail outlets recall observational data characteristics displays.

There has been a rapid increase in the retail availability of e-cigarettes UK and elsewhere. It is known that exposure to cigarette point-of-sale (POS) displays influences smoking behaviour intentions young people. However, there as yet no evidence regarding relationship between e-cigarette POS display use This cross sectional survey was conducted four high schools Scotland. A response rate 87 % total sample 3808 achieved. Analysis by logistic regression on outcomes with standard errors...

Objective: Licensed premises face particular challenges to operating safely within COVID-19 restrictions. Following a U.K. national lockdown from March 20, 2020, we studied business practices and behaviors in licensed inform policies. To our knowledge, no previous study worldwide has examined these issues. Method: Before reopened Scotland, conducted in-depth telephone interviews (May–June 2020) with participants hospitality trade associations, premises, or related roles (n = 18). Interviews...

A ban on smoking in wholly or substantially enclosed public places has been place Scotland since 26th March 2006. The impact of this legislation is currently being evaluated seven studies, three which involve direct observation bars and other places. While the ethical issues around covert have widely discussed there little practical guidance conduct such research. workshop was therefore convened to identify lessons learned so far from Scottish evaluation. We a involving researchers studies...

AbstractTargeting young people in their early teens before they have established a smoking habit may be critical to reducing rates. Mass-media campaigns can play an important role reaching large numbers of directly with prevention messages. Given the current level debate this area regarding which message theme is most appropriate, study was conducted explore people's views, attitudes and behaviours towards smoking, examine response different types appeal. A qualitative research design...