Atmospheric electric field change (sferic) waveforms were detected at Los Alamos Sferic Array stations in association with terrestrial gamma‐ray flashes (TGFs). Five TGF sferic sufficiently close range all found to be consistent a positive‐polarity intracloud (+IC) discharge process which transported electrons upward. The amplitudes of the events among top 5% IC flashes. Altitudes obtained from ionosphere reflections for two closer 13.6 km and 11.5 km. These altitudes are lower than expected...

The barium releases in the magnetotail during Active Magnetospheric Particle Tracer Explorers (AMPTE) operation were monitored by ground‐based imagers and instruments on Ion Release Module. After each release, data show formation of a structured diamagnetic cavity. cavity grows until dynamic pressure expanding ions balances magnetic its surface. field inside is zero. collect surface cavity, producing shell. Plasma irregularities form along lines draped over scale size nearly equal to...

Abstract Since 1998, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) has deployed an array of fast electric field change sensors in New Mexico and Florida support LANL’s satellite lightning observations. In April 2004, all the were significantly upgraded improved, a new was north-central Florida. This paper describes operations reports first 12 months The is about 10 times more sensitive than previous one can capture millions discharge events during stormy day this paper, array’s location accuracy,...

Differential energy spectra of electrons observed in an auroral breakup show evidence that incident electron beam E = 6–13 keV, width 2–5 and variable intensity was stabilized over a period at least several minutes by the oscillating two-stream instability manner previously described Papadopoulos Coffey. The critical feature predicted these authors' calculation is tail with differential flux dj/dE ∝ E−0.5. This much too intense to be attributed effects collisions atmospheric constituents. It...

The linear theory of electrostatic instabilities the drift loss‐cone type has been developed for a velocity distribution appropriate to shaped‐charge barium injection experiment Buaro. dispersion relation instability in Vlasov plasma solved numerically. results show low‐frequency that we interpret as source prompt striations observed Buaro and cyclotron appear correspond ion fluctuations. These have much faster growth rates than fluid theories therefore provide better description observations.

Hurricanes generally produce very little lightning activity compared to other noncyclonic storms, and is especially sparse in the eye wall inner regions within tens of kilometers surrounding [ Molinari et al. , 1994, 1999]. (The clouds that encircles hurricane.) Lightning can sometimes be detected outer, spiral rainbands, but occurrence rate varies significantly from hurricane as well an individual hurricane's lifetime. Katrina Rita hit U.S. Gulf coasts Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas, their...

A shaped‐charge, barium plasma injection experiment was performed in June 1976 from the DOE Kauai test facility. The rocket payload contained seven shaped charges, a sevenfold larger package than typical payloads employed previous injections conducted this program. An attitude control system oriented perpendicular to local geomagnetic field. altitude 450 km. second‐stage motor section measure dc and ac electric fields using 5‐m‐long, tip‐to‐tip dual spherical probe antenna. field frequency...

Four successive thermite barium releases at an altitude of 965 km over polar cap invariant latitudes 84° to 76° near magnetic midnight were conducted from the orbiting second stage vehicle that launched Nimbus 7. This was first opportunity observe behavior a conventional release when orbital velocity in earth field and demonstrate μ▽ B force would accelerate Ba + ions much greater altitudes for measuring E ∥ fields by observing perturbations motion visible ions. The principal unexpected...

view Abstract Citations (29) References (28) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS The laboratory simulation of unmagnetized supernova remnants Absence a blast wave Borovsky, J. E. ; Pongratz, M. B. Roussel-Dupre, R. A. Tan, T. -H. Supernova are experimentally simulated by irradiating spherical targets with eight-beam carbon dioxide laser in chamber containing finite amounts neutral gas, the gas being ionized radiation from hot target. expansion...

A shaped charge, barium, plasma injection experiment was performed in June 1976 at the ERDA Kauai test facility. The barium injected perpendicular to geomagnetic field an altitude of 450 km. second stage rocket, located approximately 1.2 km from point detonation, contained a payload measure dc and ac electric fields using dual spherical probe antenna. variety waves were detected for 20 s following detonation. initial impulse generated ion cyclotron Ba + , O 2 Al OH gyrofrequencies. No...

A sounding rocket carrying 88 kg of high explosives and plasma diagnostic instrumentation was launched from Churchill Research Range on April 6, 1980, over a premidnight auroral arc, as part Project Waterhole, joint NRC/LASL experiment. The object the experiment to produce an ionospheric hole, or density depletion, at about 300‐km altitude field lines connected arc. depletion is produced when explosive by‐products (mostly water) charge exchange with ambient O + ions molecular H 2 ) which...

Four high‐velocity shaped charge Ba + injections were conducted from two Black Brant‐10 rockets at collision‐free altitudes (770‐975 km) over northern Alaska ( L = 7.4–10.6) in April 1984 under active auroral and magnetic disturbance Kp 4+ 5) conditions. The motions of the “pencil” beams these accurately triangulated to ranging 9000 14000 km multistation image observations. Scanning photometer observations five sites provided checks on triangulations as well auxiliary data, including that...

The nonlinear dissipation of plasma irregularities aligned parallel to an ambient magnetic field is studied numerically using a model which employs both wave‐particle and collisional diffusion. A diffusion coefficient derived from local theory the universal drift instability used. This effective in regions nonzero gradients produces triangular‐shaped with spectra vary as f −4 , where spatial frequency. Collisional acts rapidly on vertices reduce their amplitude. simultaneous action two...

A jet aircraft, flying from Goose Bay, Labrador, to Fairbanks, Alaska, made auroral observations at nearly constant magnetic local time (∼2100 MLT) in the zone while a Vela satellite passed through plasma sheet r ≃ 18 RE same time. Comparisons of data two locations provide further confirmation ‘poleward leap’ electrojet which occurs late phase an substorm and is associated with rapid tailward motion X-type neutral line magnetotail. The poleward leap distinctive feature evolution not simply...

The Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite (CRRES) spacecraft carried a number of barium thermite canisters for release into the upper atmosphere. labeled G‐2 showed evidence curved irregularities not aligned with ambient magnetic field B . newly discovered structures can be explained by process called cycloid bunching. Cycloid bunching occurs when plasma is created photoionization neutral cloud injected at high velocity perpendicular to If injection much larger than expansion...

In an ionospheric depletion experiment where chemically reactive vapors such as H 2 O and CO are injected into the + dominant F region to accelerate plasma recombination rate reduce density, ion composition in depleted is modified, photometric emissions produced. We compare situ composition, measurements from two experiments with predictions chemical modeling. The injections, Waterhole I III, were part of auroral perturbation occurred different ambient conditions. both injections a core...

Three barium clouds have been released from a single rocket at altitudes of 335, 443, and 535 km. The releases were by means thermite injection. Adding the different cross‐field velocity components each resulted in with kinetic distributions. cloud most peaked distribution striated promptly, good agreement theoretical predictions based on plasma instability. Details data analysis experiment are discussed.

Beginning with the Teak nuclear test in 1958, Los Alamos has a long history of participation active experiments space. The last pertinent tests were five explosions as part Dominic series 1962. Partial Test Ban Treaty signed August 1963 prohibited all detonations weapons except for those conducted underground. "Apple" thermite barium release June 1968 participated nearly 100 non-nuclear space, being NASA-sponsored "AA-2" strontium and europium doped releases Arecibo beam July 1992. rationale...

A series of perturbation experiments (Waterhole I, II, and III), in which “holes” were created the F region ionosphere by explosive releases large quantities water vapor, has been conducted to test theories electrodynamic structure auroral arcs. The vapor (≈50‐km diameter) holes near structured premidnight It was anticipated that these would interrupt or perturb ionospheric current systems associated with arcs this turn affect acceleration mechanism responsible for aurora. Results from two...

Cleft region electric fields and ionospheric observations are used to calculate cleft currents their magnetic fields, which compared with ground‐based observations. Rockets were launched through the postnoon from Cape Parry, Northwest Territories, Canada, on November 25 28, 1975. They carried energetic particle detectors, electrostatic analyzers, an electron spectrometer, shaped charges barium liners determine energy flux, particles (>70 keV). Bottomside Isis 1 2 topside ionograms,...