A5033866952- Climate variability and models
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Climate change and permafrost
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Climate Change Policy and Economics
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Global Energy and Sustainability Research
- Environmental and Agricultural Sciences
- Hydrology and Drought Analysis
- Marine and Coastal Research
- Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies
- Geological Studies and Exploration
Yonsei University
2016-2025
Pohang University of Science and Technology
2021-2024
National Institute of Meteorological Sciences
2023
Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research
2022
ORCID
2021
Henan Cancer Hospital
2021
APEC Climate Center
2020
Pennsylvania State University
2019
Peking University
2015
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
1999-2007
Abstract In this study, two types of El Niño events are classified based on spatial patterns the sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly. One is cold tongue (CT) Niño, which can be regarded as conventional and other warm pool (WP) Niño. The CT characterized by relatively large SST anomalies in Niño-3 region (5°S–5°N, 150°–90°W), while WP associated with mostly confined to Niño-4 160°E–150°W). addition, many atmospheric oceanic variables also distinctively different for events. Furthermore,...
El Nino events (warm) are often stronger than La Nina (cold). This asymmetry is an intrinsic nonlinear characteristic of the Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. In order to measure nonlinearity ENSO, maximum potential intensity (MPI) index and dynamic heating (NDH) ENSO proposed as qualitative quantitative measures. The 1997/98 that was recorded strongest event in past century another strong 1982/83 nearly reached MPI. During these superwarming events, normal climatological...
Abstract El Niño and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the most prominent year‐to‐year climate fluctuation on Earth, alternating between anomalously warm (El Niño) cold (La Niña) sea surface temperature (SST) conditions in tropical Pacific. ENSO exerts its impacts remote regions of globe through atmospheric teleconnections, affecting extreme weather events worldwide. However, these teleconnections are inherently nonlinear sensitive to SST anomaly patterns amplitudes. In addition, modulated by...
In the late 1970s, ENSO cycle exhibited frequency change. The oscillation period increased from 2–4 yr (high frequency) during 1962–75 to 4–6 (low 1980–93. Observations suggest that this change was accompanied by a significant in structure of coupled mode. comparison with high-frequency regime, mode low-frequency regime shows three distinctive features warm phase ENSO: eastward shift westerly anomalies, meridional expansion and weaker intensity easterly anomalies eastern Pacific. To test...
Abstract The influences of a substantial weakening the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) on tropical Pacific climate mean state, annual cycle, and ENSO variability are studied using five different coupled general models (CGCMs). In CGCMs, AMOC is induced by adding freshwater flux forcing in northern North Atlantic. response, well-known surface temperature dipole low-latitude established, which reorganizes large-scale atmospheric increasing northeasterly trade winds. This...
Abstract Some climate variables do not show the same response to declining atmospheric CO 2 concentrations as before preceding increase. A comprehensive understanding of this hysteresis effect and its regional patterns is, however, lacking. Here we use an Earth system model with idealized removal scenario that surface temperature precipitation exhibit globally widespread irreversible changes over a timespan centuries. To explore reversibility on scale, develop quantification method...
We present evidence showing that the nonlinear dynamic heating (NDH) in tropical Pacific ocean heat budget is essential generation of intense El Niño events as well observed asymmetry between (warm) and La Niña (cold) events. The increase NDH associated with enhanced activity had an influence on recent warming trend it might provide a positive feedback mechanism for climate change Pacific.
Through the dynamical coupling between ocean and atmosphere, vertical advection of anomalous subsurface temperature by mean upwelling zonal sea surface (SST) current constitute so‐called thermocline advective feedbacks that are essential for El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) coupled dynamics. In this paper, we demonstrate these two dynamically linked because geostrophic balance upper meridional gradient thermocline. Both thus play important similar roles in growth phase transition ENSO. We...
Abstract Recent studies report that two types of El Niño events have been observed. One is the cold tongue (CT) Niño, which characterized by relatively large sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in eastern Pacific, and other warm pool (WP) SST are confined to central Pacific. Here, both analyzed a long-term coupled GCM simulation. The present model simulates major observed features incorporating distinctive patterns each oceanic atmospheric variable. It also demonstrated type has quite...
Abstract The ocean–atmosphere coupling in the northeastern subtropical Pacific is dominated by a meridional mode (PMM), which spans between extratropical and tropical plays an important role connecting climate variability to occurrence of El Niño. Analyses observational data numerical model experiments were conducted demonstrate that PMM (and coupling) experienced rapid strengthening early 1990s this related intensification high caused phase change Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO)....
Abstract. El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the strongest mode of interannual climate variability in current climate, influencing ecosystems, agriculture, and weather systems across globe, but future projections ENSO frequency amplitude remain highly uncertain. A comparison changes a range past simulations can provide insights into sensitivity to mean state, including seasonality incoming solar radiation, global average temperatures, spatial patterns sea surface temperatures. As...
Abstract Accurate representation of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) in global climate models is crucial for reliable future predictions and projections. In this study, we used 42 coupled atmosphere–ocean to analyze low-frequency variability AMOC driven by North Oscillation (NAO). Our results showed that influence simulated NAO on differs significantly between models. We large intermodel diversity originates from diverse oceanic mean state, especially over subpolar...
The vertical advection of anomalous subsurface temperature by the mean upwelling and zonal sea surface (SST) current are known to be essential for equatorial SST anomaly associated with El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). In coupled model, these two processes referred as thermocline feedback advective feedback, respectively. Using a version recharge oscillator model ENSO obtained from stripped-down approximation Cane–Zebiak-type it is demonstrated that feedbacks, which linked dynamically...
It has been recognized that the intensity of east Asian (EA) summer monsoon a negative correlation with western North Pacific (WNP) monsoon. Here we show this relationship is much stronger in recent decade (1994–2004) than epoch before 1994 (1979–1993). The first two leading modes summer‐mean precipitation over large region WNP and EA are shown to be associated factors: ENSO development fluctuation. mode changed from an ENSO‐related 1979–1993 monsoon‐related (1994–2004). mid‐tropospheric...
Following the abrupt North Pacific climate shift in mid‐1970s, period, amplitude, spatial structure, and temporal evolution of El Niño notably changed. Theory is needed to explain why coherent changes several characteristics are nearly synchronized with decadal shift. While variation equatorial thermocline could potentially change Nino behavior, observation indicates that from pre‐shift (1961–1975) post‐shift (1981–1995) period eastern insignificant. Our numerical experiments a coupled...
Abstract Using ocean data assimilation products, variability of eastern Pacific Ocean tropical instability waves (TIWs) and their interaction with the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) were analyzed. TIWs are known to heat cold tongue through horizontal advection. Conversely, influences TIW (TIWV). During La Niña, more active contribute anomalous warming. Niño, suppressed induce an cooling. TIWV thus acts as negative feedback ENSO. Interestingly, this is stronger during Niña than Niño. To...
The effect of the Indian Ocean on El Niño/La Niña life cycles has been studied using 200‐yrs simulation data a coupled GCM. results show that interactive feedback between ENSO and holds key to rapid transition an opposite phase. This remote impact SST anomaly is linked change zonal wind stress in western Pacific, which leads demise Nino/La Nina. Without involvement Ocean, phase much slower. role ENSO–Indian coupling consistent with derived from observational analysis.
Anomalous climate is often regulated by the annual cycle. Based on this physical consideration, we propose a new method termed as Season‐reliant Empirical Orthogonal Function (S‐EOF) analysis to detect major modes of variability. The S‐EOF Indo‐Pacific SST during past 54 years reveals two statistically significant leading modes, which are not obtainable using conventional EOF analysis. These represent Low‐Frequency (LF) and Quasi‐Biennial (QB) associated ENSO, reveal fundamental differences...