Liu, Z., Mothersill, C. E., McNeill, F. Lyng, M., Byun, S. H., Seymour, B. and Prestwich, W. V. A Dose Threshold for a Medium Transfer Bystander Effect Human Skin Cell Line. Radiat. Res. 166, 19–23 (2006).The existence of radiation-induced bystander effects mediated by diffusible factors is now accepted, but the mechanisms precise behavior at low doses remain unclear. We exposed cells to γ-ray in range 0.04 mGy–5 Gy, harvested culture medium, transferred it unirradiated reporter cells....

Accurate description of radiation fields containing neutrons continues to be a difficult task complete. This difficulty arises because the inherent sensitivity neutron detectors other types radiation, and ability generate secondary particles producing mixed field environments. research looks at development performance various machine learning architectures when applied pulse shape discrimination with liquid scintillators. work was carried out sensitive scintillator, EJ-301, signals digitized...

Radiation-induced biological bystander effects have become a well-established phenomenon associated with the interaction of radiation cells. These so-called been seen across variety end points for both high and low linear energy transfer (LET) radiations, utilizing dose rates sources. In this study, effect rate different LET sources on cell survival fraction (SF) was examined. The line investigated human keratinocyte HPV-G. response measured via clonogenic assay after medium protocol. Cells...

In this study, we aimed to establish the emission of UV photons when HPV-G cells and associated materials (such as cell substrate growth media) are exposed low LET radiation. The potential role in secondary triggering biological processes led us hypothesize that absorption at wavelength explain some radiation induced "bystander effects" have previously been thought be chemically mediated. Cells were plated Petri-dishes two different sizes, having thicknesses polystyrene (PS) substrate,...

<p>A biomarker of aluminium accumulation in the human body can play a valuable role determining health effects chronic exposure, complementing other and environmental monitoring data. In vivo neutron activation provides such non-invasive biomarker. To date, best system used thermalised neutrons from nuclear reactor at Brookhaven National Laboratory, which suffered only slightly interference elements, primarily phosphorus, disadvantage restricted accessibility. At McMaster, we use...

<p>A neutron irradiation cavity for in vivo activation analysis has been characterized to estimate its dosimetric specifications. The is defined confine the hand and modifies spectrum produced by a low energy accelerator source optimize per dose. Neutron gamma-ray dose rates were measured with microdosimetric technique using tissue-equivalent proportional counter at site inside access hole. For outside of cavity, spherical equivalent meter Farmer dosemeter employed instead due...

<p>In order to optimize x-ray fluorescence (XRF) experiments, Monte Carlo (MC) simulations provide a valuable tool that allows different system setups and experimental conditions be explored in controlled way. Electron gamma shower (EGS4) N-Particle5 (MCNP5) are two widely used MC programs simulate the photon electron transport great detail allow for simulation of an arbitrary geometry. Tested 2001 by Al-Ghorabie <em>et al.</em>,<a...

<p>Magnesium (Mg) is an element essential for many enzymatic reactions in the human body. Various and animal studies suggest that changes Mg status are linked to diseases such as cardiac arrhythmia, coronary heart disease, hypertension, premenstrual syndrome, diabetes mellitus. Thus, knowledge of levels body needed. A direct measurement blood serum, which contains only 0.3% total Mg, generally used infer information about However, clinical situations, stored large levels, example...

A neutron irradiation cavity for in vivo activation analysis has been characterized to estimate its dosimetric specifications. The is defined confine the hand and modifies spectrum produced by a low energy accelerator source optimize per dose. Neutron gamma-ray dose rates were measured with microdosimetric technique using tissue-equivalent proportional counter at site inside access hole. For outside of cavity, spherical equivalent meter Farmer dosemeter employed instead due intensity...

We present design of a new microdosimetry detector based on thick gas electron multiplier (THGEM). A prototype was designed for cylindrical sensitive volume with 5 mm diameter and height. To optimize the avalanche gain, process modeled by varying THGEM thickness, hole high voltage bias tissue-equivalent propane gas. For 0.6 thickness 0.3 diameter, theoretical gain reached ~ 200 at 800 V bias. The fabricated tested using McMaster <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"...

Purpose: Neutron irradiations at the McMaster Tandetron Accelerator were performed to study direct and bystander effects of neutrons in a live organism.Methods: The produced through 7Li(p,n)7Be reaction. Although gamma contamination neutron beam cannot be completely eliminated, it was designed as low possible remain below threshold already established for effects. Microdosimetric methods using tissue-equivalent proportional counter have been used measure doses cell irradiation. Previous data...

Fluorine (F) plays an important role in dental health and bone formation. Many studies have shown that excess fluoride (F(-)) can result or skeletal fluorosis, while other indicated a proper dosage of may protective effect on fracture incidence. is stored almost completely the skeleton making ideal site for measurement to assess long-term exposure. This paper outlines feasibility study technique measure bone-fluorine non-invasively human hand using vivo neutron activation analysis (IVNAA)...

Magnesium is an element essential for many enzymatic reactions in the human body. Various and animal studies suggest that changes status are linked to diseases such as cardiac arrhythmia, coronary heart disease, hypertension, premenstrual syndrome, diabetes mellitus. Thus, knowledge of levels body needed. A direct measurement blood serum, which contains only 0.3% total , generally used infer information about However, clinical situations, stored large levels, example bones, muscles, soft...

Although radiation-induced bystander effects are frequently observed biological phenomena, the mechanism for these has not been fully determined. The target-hit theory and related concepts from microdosimetry provide a convenient formalism to help identify nature of targets responsible initiating emission diffusible factors in medium transfer experiments. We used microdosimetric models proposed by Stewart et al. (Radiat. Res. 165, 460-469, 2006) analyze results published experiments...