A5045929856- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Ecology and biodiversity studies
- Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Optical Coherence Tomography Applications
- Ear Surgery and Otitis Media
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation
- Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
- Ecosystem dynamics and resilience
- Plant pathogens and resistance mechanisms
- Environmental and Social Impact Assessments
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Archaeology and Natural History
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Nasal Surgery and Airway Studies
University of Idaho
2014-2025
University of Southern California
2022-2024
University of Houston
2018
Princeton University
2014-2017
Idaho State University
2008-2016
University of Alaska Fairbanks
2005
Brewer Science (United States)
2005
COVID-19 lockdowns in early 2020 reduced human mobility, providing an opportunity to disentangle its effects on animals from those of landscape modifications. Using GPS data, we compared movements and road avoidance 2300 terrestrial mammals (43 species) during the same period 2019. Individual responses were variable with no change average or behavior, likely due lockdown conditions. However, under strict 10-day 95th percentile displacements increased by 73%, suggesting permeability. Animals'...
Populations of the world's largest carnivores are declining and now occupy mere fractions their historical ranges. Theory predicts that when apex predators disappear, large herbivores become less fearful, new habitats, modify those habitats by eating food plants. Yet experimental support for this prediction has been difficult to obtain in large-mammal systems. After extirpation leopards African wild dogs from Mozambique's Gorongosa National Park, forest-dwelling antelopes [bushbuck...
Temporal changes in net energy balance of animals strongly influence fitness; consequently, natural selection should favor behaviors that increase by buffering individuals against negative effects environmental variation. The relative importance behavioral responses to climate‐induced variation costs vs. supplies energy, however, is uncertain, as the degree which such are mediated current stores energy. We evaluated relationships among behavior, nutritional condition (i.e., state), and...
In much of the world, persistence long-distance migrations by mammals is threatened development. Even where human population density relatively low, there are roads, fencing, and energy development that present barriers to animal movement. If we conserve species rely on migration, then it critical identify existing migration impediments. To delineate stopover sites associated with anthropogenic development, applied Brownian bridge movement models high-frequency locations pronghorn...
Abstract Crop raiding by wildlife poses major threats to both conservation and human well‐being in agroecosystems worldwide. These are particularly acute many parts of Africa, where crop raiders include globally threatened megafauna such as elephants, smallholder agriculture is a primary source livelihood. One framework for understanding herbivore feeding behaviour, the forage‐maturation hypothesis, predicts that herbivores should align their movements with intermediate forage biomass (i.e.,...
Lose the tusks Harvest and poaching of wildlife have increased as human population our technology grown. These pressures now occur on such a scale that they can be considered selective drivers. Campbell-Staton et al . show this phenomenon has occurred in African elephants, which are poached for their ivory, during 20-year Mozambican civil war (see Perspective by Darimont Pelletier). In response to heavy armed forces, elephant populations Gorongosa National Park declined 90%. As recovered...
Ecological niche differences are necessary for stable species coexistence but often difficult to discern. Models of dietary differentiation in large mammalian herbivores invoke the quality, quantity, and spatiotemporal distribution plant tissues growth forms agnostic toward food identity. Empirical support these models is variable, suggesting that additional mechanisms resource partitioning may be important sustaining large-herbivore diversity African savannas. We used DNA metabarcoding...
The disruption of traditional migratory routes by anthropogenic disturbances has shifted patterns resource selection many species, and in some instances caused populations to decline. Moreover, recent decades mule deer ( Odocoileus hemionus ) have declined throughout much their historic range the western United States. We used resource‐selection functions determine if presence natural‐gas development altered migrating deer. compared spring migration adult female fitted with GPS collars n =...
Abstract Recent advancements in understanding remotely sensed solar‐induced chlorophyll fluorescence often suggest a linear relationship with gross primary productivity at large spatial scales. However, the quantum yields of and photochemistry are not linearly related, this is largely driven by irradiance. This raises questions about mechanistic basis observed linearity from complex canopies that experience heterogeneous irradiance regimes subcanopy We present empirical data two evergreen...
Abstract Sympatric large mammalian herbivore species differ in diet composition, both by eating different parts of the same plant and species. Various theories proposed to explain these differences are not mutually exclusive, but difficult reconcile confront with data. Moreover, whereas several ideas were originally developed reference within‐plant partitioning (i.e. consumption tissues), they may analogously apply species; this possibility has received little attention. Plant functional...
We investigated influences of the thermal environment on patterns body temperature (Tb), activity, and use burrows during active season in a population free-living arctic ground squirrels (Spermophilus parryii). Arctic normally exhibited daily 5°C range Tb, had higher Tb when above than (P < 0.0001). This difference decreased as standard operative (Tes; an index environmental heat load) increased. Ground entered more frequently warmer compared to average or cooler days exceeded 39°C. On cool...
Recent declines of mule deer Odocoileus hemionus , ostensibly a result low rates recruitment, highlight the importance understanding relationships between parturient females and their critical habitats. We estimated timing parturition for 20 in northeastern Oregon, USA, using movement data from global positioning system (GPS) collars 2005 2006. then evaluated patterns resource selection by female during late gestation, week parturition, subsequent lactation to determine how different stages...
Abstract Hunting remains the cornerstone of North American model wildlife conservation and management. Nevertheless, research has indicated potential for hunting to adversely influence size horn‐like structures some ungulates. In polygynous ungulates, mating success males is strongly correlated with body structures; consequently, sexual selection favored development large horns antlers. Horn‐like are biologically important great cultural interest, both which highlight need identify long‐term...
Abstract As the human footprint expands worldwide, people and wildlife are coming into greater contact, areas of activity may be simultaneously associated with risk reward for animals. To avoid threats while exploiting opportunities, animals adjust their spatiotemporal activity, using anthropogenic disturbance at night when less active. We combined four camera trap datasets from Mozambique's Gorongosa National Park to evaluate effects roads settlement on diel patterns elephants ( Loxodonta...
Abstract Natural habitats are rapidly being converted to cultivated croplands, and crop‐raiding by wildlife threatens both conservation human livelihoods worldwide. We combined movement data from GPS‐collared elephants with camera‐trap local reporting systems in a before–after‐control‐impact design evaluate community‐based strategies for reducing crop raiding outside Mozambique's Gorongosa National Park. All types of experimental fences tested (beehive, chili, beehive chili combined,...
Abstract Size‐structured differences in resource use stabilize species coexistence animal communities, but what behavioral mechanisms underpin these niche differences? Behavior is constrained by morphological and physiological traits that scale allometrically with body size, yet the degree to which behaviors exhibit allometric scaling remains unclear; empirical datasets often encompass broad variation environmental context phylogenetic history, complicates detection interpretation of...
Abstract Nutrition integrates and interacts with a variety of biotic abiotic factors that modulate performance large‐herbivore populations. Accordingly, studying patterns herbivore through the lens nutrition can shed light on complex mechanisms drive population dynamics. We studied bighorn sheep ( Ovis canadensis ) their habitat quantified relationships among 1) foodscape (defined herein as spatiotemporal variation in quality availability forage plants); 2) female behavior (i.e., use rugged...
Abstract Water is an essential and often limiting resource that pervades all aspects of animal ecology. Yet, water economics are grossly understudied relative to foraging predation, leaving ecologists ill‐equipped predict how the intensifying disruption hydrological regimes worldwide will impact communities. For savanna herbivores, reliance on surface can increase exposure predators competitors, thus strategies reduce need drink advantageous. extent which increasing dietary intake while...
Abstract Extensive agricultural development in the United States over last century and subsequent restoration efforts through Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) have led to many wildlife species occupying landscapes comprising a mix of natural developed cover types. Understanding how like mule deer ( Odocoileus hemionus ) move select resources those is important for effectively managing populations habitat. We examined seasonal resource selection, migration, survival female Columbia Plateau...
Resource heterogeneity governs a multitude of ecological processes, but the mechanisms by which influences population performance are not fully resolved. Because optimizing behavior is challenging in heterogeneous landscapes, individual variation foraging and movement strategies common, understanding consequences that one most pressing challenges modern ecology. In theory, such should be modulated at least part nutrition, directly discretionary energy available for growth reproduction. We...
Abstract: Manipulation of forest habitat via mechanical thinning or prescribed fire has become increasingly common across western North America. Nevertheless, empirical research on effects those activities wildlife is limited, although in particular often assumed to benefit large herbivores. We evaluated season and spatial scale response Rocky Mountain elk ( Cervus elaphus ) mule deer Odocoileus hemionus experimental manipulation at the Starkey Experimental Forest Range northeastern Oregon,...