A5018825098- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Marine animal studies overview
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Wood and Agarwood Research
- Forest Ecology and Conservation
- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock
- Urban Stormwater Management Solutions
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
University of Wisconsin–Madison
2015-2025
Ecological Society of America
2018
John Wiley & Sons (United States)
2018
Glendale Community College
2008
Temporal changes in net energy balance of animals strongly influence fitness; consequently, natural selection should favor behaviors that increase by buffering individuals against negative effects environmental variation. The relative importance behavioral responses to climate‐induced variation costs vs. supplies energy, however, is uncertain, as the degree which such are mediated current stores energy. We evaluated relationships among behavior, nutritional condition (i.e., state), and...
Abstract How climate constrains species’ distributions through time and space is an important question in the context of conservation planning for change. Despite increasing awareness need to incorporate mechanism into species distribution models ( SDM s), mechanistic modeling endotherm remains limited this literature. Using American pika Ochotona princeps ) as example, we present a framework whereby can be incorporated s. Pika has repeatedly been found constrained by warm temperatures, so...
Abstract Remains of megatheres have been known since the 18th -century and were among first megafaunal vertebrates to be studied. While several examples preserved integument show a thick coverage fur for smaller ground sloths living in cold climates such as Mylodon Nothrotheriops , comparatively very little is about megathere skin. Assuming typical placental mammal metabolism, it was previously hypothesized that would had little-to-no they achieved giant body sizes. Here “hairless model...
Threatened and endangered species are more vulnerable to climate change due small population specific geographical distribution. Therefore, identifying incorporating the biological processes underlying a species' adaptation its environment important for determining whether they can persist in situ. Correlative models widely used predict distribution changes, but generally fail capture buffering capacity of organisms. Giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) live topographically complex...
An accurate estimate for orangutan nest decay time is a crucial factor in commonly used methods estimating population size. Decay rates are known to vary, but the process and, thus, temporal and spatial variation poorly understood. We established line-transect methodology survey nests lowland forest East Kalimantan, Indonesia, monitored of 663 over 20 months. Using Markov chain analysis we calculated 602 days, which significantly longer than times found other studies. Based on this,...
Abstract Climate models predict that by 2050 the Arctic Ocean will be sea ice free each summer. Removing this barrier between Atlantic and Pacific modify a wide range of ecological processes, including bird migration. Using published information, we identified 29 arctic-breeding seabird species, which currently migrate in North could shift to transarctic migration towards Pacific. We also 24 species may from migratory strategy high-arctic year-round residency. To illustrate biogeographical...
Endothermic organisms typically maintain high and relatively constant body temperatures in the face of environmental variation by regulating their metabolic water loss rates conjunction with behavioural postural adjustments. A mechanistic understanding these processes provides a perspective fundamental niches endotherms quantifying energy requirements, restrictions on habitat use survival limits. Here we introduce document endotherm model NicheMapR, an R package that includes suite programs...
In this study we tested the ability of a mechanistic model (Niche Mapper™) to accurately adult, non-denning polar bear (Ursus maritimus) energetics while fasting during ice-free season in western Hudson Bay. The uses steady state heat balance approach, which calculates metabolic rate that will allow an animal maintain its core temperature particular microclimate conditions. Predicted weight loss for 120 day fast typical 1990s was comparable empirical studies population, and able reach at...
When possible, many species will shift in elevation or latitude response to rising temperatures. However, before such shifts occur, individuals first tolerate environmental change and then modify their behavior maintain heat balance. Behavioral thermoregulation allows animals a range of climatic tolerances makes predicting geographic responses under future warming scenarios challenging. Because behavioral modification may reduce an individual's fecundity by, for example, limiting foraging...
Most studies analyzing the effects of global warming on wild populations focus gradual temperature changes, yet it is also important to understand impact extreme climatic events. Here we studied effect two cold spells (January 1985 and February 2012) energetics greater flamingos (Phoenicopterus roseus) in Camargue (southern France). To cause observed flamingo mass mortalities, first assessed energy stores found dead 2012, compared them with those other bird species exposed and/or fasting....
Abstract Heat dissipation limit theory posits that energy available for growth and reproduction in endotherms is limited by their ability to dissipate heat. In mammals, endogenous heat production increases markedly during gestation lactation, thus female mammals may be subject greater thermal constraints on expenditure than males. Such likely have important implications behaviour population performance a warming climate. We used mechanistic simulation model based the first principles of mass...
Political, economic, and climatic upheaval can result in mass human migration across extreme terrain search of more humane living conditions, exposing migrants to environments that challenge tolerance. An empirical understanding the biological stresses associated with these migrations will play a key role development social, political, medical strategies for alleviating adverse effects risk death. We model physiological stress undocumented commonly traversed section southern border United...
Mechanistic models provide a powerful, minimally invasive tool for gaining deeper understanding of the ecology animals across geographic space and time. In this paper, we modified validated accuracy mechanistic model Niche Mapper simulating heat exchanges with counter-current exchange mechanisms in their legs that wade water. We then used to explore effects wading on energy expenditures Whooping Cranes, long-legged bird. against expenditure two captive Cranes measured using doubly-labeled...
Abstract On St. Paul Island, a remnant of the Bering Land Bridge, woolly mammoths persisted until 5,600 yr BP with no known predators or competitors, providing natural system for studying hypothesized environmental drivers extinction. These include overheating due to rising temperatures, starvation, and drought. Here, we test these hypotheses using Niche Mapper LPJ ‐ GUESS mechanistically estimate mammoth metabolic rates dietary freshwater requirements and, from these, variations in island...
Abstract We explored the implications of reaching Paris Agreement Objective limiting global warming to <2°C for future winter distribution North Atlantic seabird community. predicted and quantified current habitats five Ocean species ( Alle alle , Fratercula arctica Uria aalge lomvia Rissa tridactyla ) using tracking data ~1500 individuals through resource selection functions based on mechanistic modeling energy requirements, a dynamic bioclimate envelope model prey. Future distributions...
Abstract Climate warming creates energetic challenges for endothermic species by increasing metabolic and hydric costs of thermoregulation. Although endotherms can invoke an array behavioural physiological strategies maintaining homeostasis, the relative effectiveness those in a climate that is becoming both warmer drier not well understood. In accordance with heat dissipation limit theory which suggests allocation energy to growth reproduction constrained ability dissipate heat, we expected...
ABSTRACT Reliable estimates of great ape abundance are needed to assess distribution, monitor population status, evaluate conservation tactics, and identify priority populations for conservation. Rather than using direct counts, surveyors often count nests. The standing crop nest (SCNC) method converts the stock nests into animal densities a set parameters, including decay rate. Nest rates vary greatly over space time, it takes months calculate site‐specific value. marked (MNC) circumvents...