A5011257433- Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Retinoids in leukemia and cellular processes
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Cancer Cells and Metastasis
- Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Studies
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Research
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Cancer Research and Treatments
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Appendicitis Diagnosis and Management
- Intraperitoneal and Appendiceal Malignancies
- Cancer-related gene regulation
- Gene expression and cancer classification
- Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
- Curcumin's Biomedical Applications
- Redox biology and oxidative stress
- ATP Synthase and ATPases Research
- Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management
- Cancer, Stress, Anesthesia, and Immune Response
- Cancer and Skin Lesions
Dalhousie University
2016-2025
Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre
2003-2023
Cancer Care Nova Scotia
2012
Capital District Health Authority
2007-2012
University of Calgary
2000
Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are proposed to initiate cancer and propagate metastasis. Breast CSCs identified by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity highly tumorigenic in xenograft models. However, patient breast tumor immunohistological studies, where expression of ALDH isoform ALDH1A1, CSC prevalence is not correlative with metastasis, raising some doubt as the role cancer. We characterized all 19 isoforms cell lines total genome microarray analysis, immunofluorescence protein...
New cytotoxic agents are urgently needed for the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer because poor long-term response this disease to conventional chemotherapy. Curcumin, obtained from rhizome Curcuma longa, has potent anticancer activity; however, mechanism curcumin-induced cytotoxicity in cells remains a mystery. In study we show that curcumin exhibited time- and dose-dependent against monolayer cultures carcinoma cell lines with differing p53 status (wild-type p53: HEY, OVCA429; mutant...
Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 1A enzymes produce retinoic acid (RA), a transcription induction molecule. To investigate if ALDH1A1 or ALDH1A3‐mediated RA signaling has an active role in breast cancer tumorigenesis, we performed gene expression and tumor xenograft studies. Analysis of patient tumors revealed that high levels ALDH1A3 correlated with RA‐inducible genes response elements (RAREs), poorer survival triple‐negative cancers. This suggests potential link between especially aggressive...
Introduction Hyperthermia is an established adjunct in multimodal cancer treatments, with mechanisms including cell death, immune modulation, and vascular changes. Traditional hyperthermia applications are resource-intensive often associated patient morbidity, limiting their clinical accessibility. Gold nanorods (GNRs) offer a precise, minimally invasive alternative by leveraging near-infrared (NIR) light to deliver targeted therapy (THT). THT induces controlled tumor heating, promoting...
Recent evidence suggests that cancer stem cells (CSCs) play an important role in cancer, as these possess enhanced tumor-forming capabilities and are resistant to current anticancer therapies. Hence, novel therapies will need be tested for both tumor regression CSC targeting. Herein we show oncolytic reovirus induces of human breast primary samples xenografted immunocompromised mice also effectively targets kills CSCs tumors. were identified based on CD24(-)CD44(+) cell surface expression...
Curcumin, the principal curcuminoid of tumeric, has potent anticancer activity. To determine mechanism curcumin-induced cytotoxicity in prostate cancer cells, we exposed PC3 carcinoma cells to 25 100 μ M curcumin for 24 72 h. Curcumin treatment caused time- and dose-dependent induction apoptosis depletion cellular reduced glutathione (GSH). Exogenous GSH its precursor N-acetyl-cysteine, but not ascorbic acid (AA) or ebselen, decreased accumulation also prevented DNA fragmentation. The...
INTRODUCTION: Incisional biopsies, including the diagnostic core needle biopsy (CNB), routinely performed before surgical excision of breast cancer tumors are hypothesized to increase risk metastatic disease. In this study, we experimentally determined whether CNB results in increased distant metastases and examine important resultant changes primary tumor microenvironment associated with outcome. METHOD: To evaluate effect on metastasis development, implanted murine mammary 4T1 cells BALB/c...
Patricia Alexandra Madureira 1 , Richard Hill 2 Victoria Ann Miller Carman Giacomantonio 3 Patrick Wing Kwong Lee and David Morton Waisman Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Pathology Department Microbiology Immunology Medicine, Dalhousie University Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada Received: December 1, 2011; Accepted: 9, Published: 20, Keywords: ANXA2, reactive oxygen species (ROS), redox regulation, oxidative stress, tumorigenesis Correspondence: Waisman, email: //...
To meet the needs of patients, Canadian surgical and medical oncology leaders in treatment peritoneal surface malignancies (psms), together with patient representatives, formed HIPEC Collaborative Group (chicg). The group is dedicated to standardizing improving psm Canada so that access and, ultimately, prognosis patients are improved. Patients resectable arising from colorectal or appendiceal neoplasms should be reviewed by a multidisciplinary team including surgeons oncologists experience...
Abstract Chronic rejection is the most common cause of late graft failure after solid organ transplantation. A model chronic rejection, rat aortic allograft, has histologic features that parallel those in vessels human transplanted organs. However, molecular tools required to dissect immunology are unavailable rat. We developed transplantation mouse as a new rejection. This will allow use diversity recombinant cytokines and monoclonal antibodies available for its well‐defined genetics...
Gemcitabine is a chemotherapeutic that widely used for the treatment of variety haematological malignancies and has become standard chemotherapy advanced pancreatic cancer. Combinational gemcitabine regimes (e.g.with doxorubicin) are being tested in clinical trials to treat cancers, including colon The limited success these prompted us pursue better understanding gemcitabine's mechanism cell killing, which could dramatically improve therapeutic potential this agent. For comparison, we...
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a main second messenger in oncogenic signaling networks including the Ras and growth factor receptor pathways. This achieved predominantly through oxidation of redox-sensitive cysteine (Cys) residues proteins resulting changes to their structure function. We previously identified annexin A2 (ANXA2) as redox regulatory protein that plays an important cellular role during oxidative stress also promoting tumorigenesis. Here we investigated ANXA2 regulation...
Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs), a small population of pluripotent residing within heterogeneous tumor mass, remain highly resistant to various chemotherapies as compared the differentiated cancer cells. It is being postulated that CSCs possess unique molecular mechanisms, such autophagic homeostasis, allow withstand therapeutic assaults. Here we demonstrate HDAC6 inhibition differentially modulates macroautophagy/autophagy in Using human and murine CSC models cells, show or knockdown (KD)...
Stem-like cancer cells, with characteristic self-renewal abilities, remain highly refractory to various clinical interventions. As such, stemness-inhibiting entities, such as tumor suppressor p53, are therapeutically pursued for their anticancer activities. Interestingly, similar implications TAp73 in regulating stemness features within stem-like cells unknown.Experimental Design: This study utilizes vitro molecular biology techniques, including immunoblotting, qRT-PCR, and mass...
Breast cancer subtyping, based on the expression of hormone receptors and other genes, can determine patient prognosis potential options for targeted therapy. Among breast subtypes, tumors basal-like claudin-low subtypes are typically associated with worse outcomes, primarily classified as triple-negative cancers (TNBC), cannot be treated existing hormone-receptor-targeted therapies. Understanding molecular basis these will lead to development more effective treatment TNBC. In this study, we...
All-trans retinoic acid (atRA) regulates gene expression and is used to treat acute promyelocytic leukemia. Attempts use atRA in breast cancer without a stratification strategy have resulted limited overall effectiveness. To identify biomarkers for the treatment of triple-negative (TNBC) with atRA, we characterized effects on tumor growth 13 TNBC cell lines. This range that was not predictable based previously hypothesized predictors response, such as levels nuclear shuttling proteins fatty...
Dysregulation of DNA methylation is an established feature breast cancers. demethylating therapies like decitabine are proposed for the treatment triple-negative cancers (TNBC) and indicators response need to be identified. For this purpose, we characterized effects in a panel 10 cancer cell lines observed range sensitivity that was not subtype specific. Knockdown potential key effectors demonstrated requirement deoxycytidine kinase (DCK) cells. In treatment-naïve tumors, DCK higher TNBCs,...