A5022565375- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
- Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Economic and Environmental Valuation
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Environmental Impact and Sustainability
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Archaeology and Natural History
- Marine and fisheries research
- Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation
- Avian ecology and behavior
- American Environmental and Regional History
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology
- Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Innovation, Sustainability, Human-Machine Systems
- Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Operations Management Techniques
Harvard University
2025
University of Leeds
2019-2025
University of California, Santa Barbara
2011-2023
Appalachian State University
2023
State Farm (United States)
2023
University of Cambridge
1998-2022
African Wildlife Foundation
2009-2022
African Agricultural Technology Foundation
2018
Conservation Leadership Programme
2016-2017
The University of Sydney
2010-2014
Mechanisms to link yield increases with conservation
Abstract Efforts to tackle the current biodiversity crisis need be as efficient and effective possible given chronic underfunding. To inform decision‐makers of most conservation actions, it is important identify biases gaps in literature prioritize future evidence generation. We used Conservation Evidence database assess state global that tests actions for amphibians birds. For studies database, we investigated their spatial taxonomic extent distribution across biomes, effectiveness metrics,...
Abstract Global biodiversity losses continue despite tremendous growth in the volume of conservation science and many local successes. Research that can achieve science's aims—arresting declines preventing extinctions—is therefore ever greater importance. Here, we ask whether science, as currently performed, is progressing such a way to maximize its impact. We present simple framework for how effective research could progress, from identifying problems diagnosing their proximate ultimate...
Debate over the Late Quaternary megafaunal extinctions has focussed on whether human colonisation or climatic changes were more important drivers of extinction, with few being unambiguously attributable to either. Most analyses have been geographically taxonomically restricted and quantitative global limited by coarse temporal resolution overly simplified climate reconstructions proxies. We present a analysis causes these which uses high‐resolution explicitly investigates sensitivity our...
The late Quaternary period saw the rapid extinction of majority world's terrestrial megafauna. cause these dramatic losses, especially relative importance climatic change and impacts newly arrived people, remains highly controversial, with geographically restricted analyses generating conflicting conclusions. By analyzing distribution timing all megafaunal extinctions in relation to variables human arrival on five landmasses, we demonstrate that observed pattern is best explained by models...
Evidence-based conservation relies on reliable and relevant evidence. Practitioners often prefer locally studies whose results are more likely to be transferable the context of planned interventions. To quantify availability evidence for amphibian bird we reviewed Conservation Evidence, a database quantitative tests Studies were geographically clustered, few conducted found in Western sub-Saharan Africa, Russia, South East Asia, Eastern America. Globally there extremely low densities per...
Improving global food systems is essential to addressing climate change, mitigating biodiversity loss, and meeting both sustainability human development goals. International assessments from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Science-Policy Platform Biodiversity Ecosystem Services business technology innovations such as lab-grown plant-based meat, well many consumer diet trends, can all be traced studies that identify undesirable impacts of certain systems. Yet evidence...
Protected areas (PAs) are a cornerstone of global conservation and central to international plans minimize extinctions. During the coming century, ecosystem destruction fragmentation associated with increased human population economic activity could make long-term survival most terrestrial vertebrates even more dependent on PAs. However, capacity current PA network sustain species for long term is unknown. Here, we explore this question all nonvolant mammals which found sufficient data,...
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought humanity's strained relationship with nature into sharp focus, calls for cessation of wild meat trade and consumption, to protect public health biodiversity.1Yang N. Liu P. Li W. Zhang L. Permanently ban wildlife consumption.Science. 2020; 367: 1434.2-141434Crossref Scopus (21) Google Scholar,2End TradeEnd Trade Petition..2020https://endthetrade.com/Google Scholar However, the importance human nutrition, its tele-couplings other food production systems, mean...
Abstract Aquaculture policy often promotes production of low‐trophic level species for sustainable industry growth. Yet, the application trophic concept to aquaculture is complex, and its value assessing sustainability further complicated by continual reformulation feeds. The majority fed farmed fish invertebrate are produced using human‐made compound feeds that can differ markedly from diet same in wild continue change composition. Using data on feeds, we show technical advances have...
Mariculture (marine and brackish water aquaculture) has grown rapidly over the past 20 years, yet publicly-available information on location of mariculture production is sparse. Identifying where occurs remains a major challenge for understanding its environmental impacts sustainability individual farms sector as whole. We compiled known locations applied simple production-allocation approach to map remaining global across 73 countries using key determinants distance shore ports, average...
Most emissions scenarios suggest temperature and precipitation regimes will change dramatically across the globe over next 500 years. These changes have large impacts on biosphere, with species forced to migrate follow their preferred environmental conditions, therefore moving fragmenting ecosystems. However, most projections of climate only reach 2100, limiting our understanding temporal scope impacts, potentially impeding suitable adaptive action. To address this data gap, we model future...
This survey study uses 3 nationally representative US surveys to evaluate the prevalence of poor mental health overall and by age, sex, race ethnicity.
Abstract As tropical cattle ranching continues to expand, successful conservation will require an improved understanding of the relative impacts different livestock systems and landscape structure on biodiversity. Here, we provide first empirical multi‐scale assessment effects intensification biodiversity in threatened dry forests Mesoamerica. We used a dataset dung beetles (169,372 individuals from 33 species) collected 20 1‐km 2 landscapes, ranging zero‐yielding forest sites high‐yield...
Balancing the production of food, particularly meat, with preserving biodiversity and maintaining ecosystem services is a major societal challenge. Research into contrasting strategies land sparing sharing has suggested that sparing-combining high-yield agriculture protection or restoration natural habitats on nonfarmed land-will have lower environmental impacts than other strategies. Ecosystems long histories habitat disturbance, however, could be resilient to low-yield thus fare better...
In the face of an accelerating extinction crisis, scientists must draw insights from successful conservation interventions to uncover promising strategies for reversing broader declines. Here, we synthesize cases recovery a list 362 species large carnivores, ecologically important that function as terminal consumers in many ecological contexts. Large carnivores represent critical targets have experienced historical declines result direct exploitation and habitat loss. We examine taxonomic...
Agriculturally-driven habitat degradation and destruction is the biggest threat to global biodiversity, yet impacts on extinctions of different types food where they are produced mitigation potential interventions remain poorly quantified. Here we link LIFE biodiversity metric – a high-resolution layer describing marginal impact land-use ~30K vertebrate species with consumption production data provenance modelling. Using an opportunity cost framing discover that producing one kilogram...
The risk that locally successful nature conservation may be shifting problems elsewhere can no longer ignored
The intensification and expansion of croplands are among the greatest threats to biodiversity, but likely responses these changes remain unknown for most species. Using data on 862 bird species in yields arable crops, we extrapolate vulnerability agriculture world's other terrestrial birds based their traits taxonomy. We estimate that 74-78% globally suffer population declines where natural habitats replaced by croplands, over half cannot persist cropland at even lowest current yields. Past...
The loss of carbon stocks through agricultural land-use change is a key driver greenhouse gas emissions [1-4], and the methods used to manage land will have major impacts on global climate in 21st century [4-9]. It remains unresolved whether losses would be minimized by increasing farm yields limiting conversion natural habitats ("land sparing"), or maximizing on-farm stocks, even at cost reduced therefore greater habitat clearance sharing"). In this paper, we use field surveys over 11,000...
Abstract Achieving sustainable development requires understanding how human behavior and the environment interact across spatial scales. In particular, knowing to manage tradeoffs between economy, or one scale another, necessitates a modeling approach that allows these different components interact. Existing integrated local global analyses provide key insights, but often fail capture ‘meso-scale’ phenomena operate at scales global, leading erroneous predictions constrained scope of...