The aim of this work was to develop a cryopreservation method small liver biopsies for in situ mitochondrial function assessment. Herein we describe detailed protocol tissue collection, cryopreservation, high-resolution respirometry using complex I and II substrates, calculation interpretation respiratory parameters. Liver from cow rat were sequentially frozen medium containing dimethylsulfoxide as cryoprotectant stored up 3 months at −80 °C. Oxygen consumption rate studies fresh...

Early lactation is an energy-demanding period for dairy cows which may lead to negative energy balance, threatening animal health and consequently productivity. Herein we studied hepatic mitochondrial function in Holstein-Friesian multiparous during lactation, under two different feeding strategies. During the first 180 days postpartum were fed a total mixed ration (70% forage: 30% concentrate) ad libitum (non-grazing group, G0) or grazed Festuca arundinacea Mendicago sativa plus...

Summary The aim of this study was to determine the effect nutrition during foetal and lactation periods on calf growth body composition, their association with changes in metabolic endocrine profiles first year life purebred (Hereford Angus) cross‐bred (F1) dam offspring. Forty calves dams (purebred – PU: Hereford Angus, CR: F1) were used a randomized block design factorial arrangement herbage allowance native pastures (high: Hi‐HA low: Lo‐HA), 4 vs. 2.5 kg dry matter/kg weight (BW) genotype...

Oxidative stress occurs when oxidant production exceeds the antioxidant capacity to detoxify reactive intermediates or repair resulting damage. Feed efficiency has been associated with mitochondrial function due its impact on cell energy metabolism. However, mitochondria are also recognized as a major source of oxidants. The aim this study was determine lipid and protein oxidative markers, gene expression well activity enzymes in liver steers divergent residual feed intake (RFI) phenotypes....

Variations in phenotypic expression of feed efficiency could be associated with differences or inefficiencies mitochondria function due to its impact on energy expenditure. The aim this study was determine hepatic mitochondrial density and terms respiration, gene protein expression, enzyme activity respiratory complex proteins, steers divergent residual intake (RFI) phenotypes. Hereford (n = 111 n 122 for year 1 2, respectively) were evaluated postweaning 70 d standard test RFI. Forty-six...

Summary This study investigated whether a 22‐day period of undernutrition (half maintenance) could affect maternal endocrine responses and liver gene expression during early pregnancy (day 7). Thirty‐five ewes were fed 1.5 ( n = 15) or 0.5 20) their maintenance requirements slaughtered on day 7 the oestrus cycle (oestrus 0). Insulin, IGF, leptin non‐esterified fatty acids (NEFA) determined days −14, 0 7. Transcripts IGF family adipokines receptors in by real‐time RT‐PCR. Underfed animals...

In this study we quantify and compare the phenotypic variation in residual feed intake (RFI) 2 groups of Angus female calves: one carrying simultaneously putative favorable allelic variants (SNP) neuropeptide Y, leptin, IGF-1 genes (VAL group) another devoid such alleles (CON group). We performed sequential trials: under confinement feeding a high-concentrate diet grazing condition. confinement, 38 purebred calves [mean age BW 247 d (SD = 15) 186 kg 33.2), respectively] were offered total...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect controlling grazing intensity native pastures, through herbage allowances (HA) on body composition (water, protein, and fat) beef cows different cow genotype (CG; purebred: Angus Hereford; PU, crossbred: reciprocal F1; CR). Mature (n = 32) were used in a complete randomised block design with factorial arrangement HA (2.5 vs 4 kg DM/day; LO HI) CG (PU experiment conducted during 3 years at end third year 150, 210, 240 ± 10 days gestation 190...

In this study, we explored mechanisms related to glucose and fatty acid metabolism in Holstein–Friesian multiparous dairy cows during lactation under two feeding strategies. From 0 180 days postpartum, were fed total mixed ration (TMR) ad libitum (non-grazing group, G0) or grazed Festuca arundinacea Medicago sativa supplemented with 5.4 kg DM/d of an energy-protein concentrate (grazing G1). 250 all F. TMR. Plasma samples liver biopsies collected at −14, 35, 60, 110, 180, milk (DIM) for...

<p>The work describes lactation curves and compares two methods to estimate milk yield (MY) in a grazing beef cattle herd of the EEBR Station-Udelar, Uruguay. Twenty-four Hereford, Angus F1-crossbreed primiparous cows were used MY once month, from birth weaning, by weigh-suckle-weigh (WSW) technique milking-machine (MM). Milk (MY), retained energy (ReMY), calf weight analyzed as repeated measures model including: sex calves, month lactation, cow breed, milking method, estimation day (1...

A grazing experiment was undertaken to assess the effects of two levels herbage mass (HM) on DM intake (DMI), fat and protein corrected milk yield (FPCM), behaviour, energy expenditure (HP), methane emissions (CH4) dairy cows in spring. Treatments were a low HM (1447 kg DM/ha; LHM) or high (1859 HHM). Pasture composed mainly cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata) lucerne (Medicago sativa), offered at daily allowance 30 DM/cow, above 5 cm. Eight multiparous Holstein used 2 × Latin Square design...

Two experiments evaluated the effect of a multispecies fungal complex (BP, BIOPREMIX MX®, Ruminal Fermentation Tech, Uruguay). In Experiment 1 (E1), impact adding BP to total mixed ration (TMR) on ruminal fermentation profile and TMR in situ degradation kinetics was assessed. 2 (E2), various substrates vitro fermentability examined. E1, 4 Holstein cows with rumen cannulas were randomly assigned Control (TMR forage:concentrate ratio 75:25) or + 120 g/cow/d (BP) received ad libitum for 30...

Context Improvement in efficiency of energy utilisation cow–calf systems could benefit beef production profitability and sustainability. Energy has been associated with mitochondrial function; therefore, hepatic function oxidative stress play a key role cows. Aim We evaluated the effect two herbage allowances from rangelands (Campos biome) on efficiency, density function, purebred (Hereford Aberdeen Angus) reciprocal F1 crossbred Methods Mature cows (n = 32) were used complete randomised...

The hypothalamus plays a major role in the response to changes dietary nutrients supply. aim of this study was evaluate effect long-term nutrition at two different forage allowances (FA) native pastures on hypothalamic transcriptome beef cows. Thirty-two multiparous cows (Angus, Hereford, and F1 crossbreeds) were used, from May 2007 2010, complete randomized block design with FA throughout year (4 vs. 2.5 kgDM/100 kg BW; HI LO, respectively). At end third experimental 190 ± 10 d postpartum...

The liver is one of the most important visceral organs, which represents a large contribution to whole animal energy expenditure and major synthetic site insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) peptide.Decreased plane nutrition acts by reducing metabolic rate mass tissues, such as liver.Also, undernutrition results in reduced circulating IGF-1 concentrations, due uncoupled hormone-IGF (GH-IGF) axis.This study investigated whether 22-day period (half maintenance) could affect protein gene...

Se evaluó la inclusión progresiva de dos forrajes con diferente contenido en fibra soluble (FS), dietas cerdos desde recría a terminación. Los tratamientos fueron: dieta base testigo (T0) formulada maíz y harina soja; alfalfa (T1) (Medicago sativa var. Chaná) o achicoria (T2) (Cichorium intibus Lacerta) para las fases (F) I (F1, 40-60 kg PV), II (F2, 60-80 PV) terminación (F3, 80 100 PV). utilizaron 27 animales un peso inicial 42 (± 2.3), diseño parcelas al azar tres nueve repeticiones. El...

This study explored the metabolic adaptions to grazing conditions of two Holstein genetic strains (GS; North American, NAH; New Zealand, NZH) in feeding strategies (FS; restricted, P30, vs. maximised, PMAX, grazing). Four groups (NAH-P30, NZH-P30, NAH-PMAX and NZH-PMAX; n = 10 cows each) were compared between -45 180 days milk (DIM). NZH had lower (p 0.02) fat protein corrected (FPCM) yield a tendency for 0.09) body condition score concomitantly with trend < 0.07) higher average plasma...