There has been debate in the literature as to whether a sexual double standard (SDS) currently exists United States. Studies vary greatly how SDS is operationalized, making it difficult interpret findings across studies and translate academic into applied fields such public health. To advance research, we propose multidimensional framework for that can accommodate complex nuanced meanings, flexible enough allow dynamic nature of social ideologies, grounded an understanding systems...

AbstractFew HIV/STI interventions exist for African American adolescent girls in juvenile detention. The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of an intervention reduce incident STIs, improve HIV-preventive behaviors, and enhance psychosocial outcomes. We conducted a randomized controlled trial among (13–17 years, N = 188) detention from March 2011 May 2012. Assessments occurred at baseline 3- 6-months post-randomization included: audio computer-assisted self-interview, condom skills...

HIV remains a significant public health problem among men who have sex with (MSM). MSM comprise 2% of the U.S. population, but constitute 56% persons living HIV. Mobile technology is promising tool for prevention. The purpose this study was to identify desired content, features and functions mobile application (app) prevention in high-risk MSM. We conducted five focus group sessions 33 Focus recordings were transcribed coded using themes informed by information-motivation-behavioral (IMB)...

African American women at increased risk of HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI) may engage in risky sex as a coping mechanism for depressed economic conditions. This study examines the association between high-risk sexual behavior and structural determinants health among sample young women. 237 (16-19 years old) from economically disadvantaged neighborhoods North Carolina were enrolled into randomized trial testing efficacy an adapted HIV/STI prevention intervention. Logistic regression...

We tested the efficacy of an adapted evidence-based HIV-sexually transmitted infection (STI) behavioral intervention (Providing Opportunities for Women's Empowerment, Risk-Reduction, and Relationships, or POWER) among incarcerated women.We conducted a randomized trial with 521 women aged 18 to 60 years in 2 correctional facilities North Carolina 2010 2011. Intervention participants attended 8 POWER sessions; control received single standard-of-care STI prevention session. followed up at 3 6...

Incarcerated women are disproportionately affected by HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) due to risk factors before, during, after imprisonment. This study assessed the behavioral, social, contextual conditions that contribute continuing sexual behaviors among incarcerated inform adaptation of an evidenced-based behavioral intervention for this population. Individual, in-depth interviews were conducted with 25 current 28 former prisoners assess HIV/STI knowledge, perceptions...

Incarcerated women are a critical population for targeted HIV/STI prevention programming; however, there is dearth of evidence-based, genderspecific behavioral interventions this population. Systematically adapting existing evidence-based (EBIs) can help fill gap. We illustrate the adaptation EBI, Project Safe, use among incarcerated and delivery in prisons. POWER, final adapted intervention, was developed using formative research with prison staff administration, previously women, input...

People experiencing homelessness are at risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and may experience barriers to hand hygiene, a primary recommendation COVID-19 prevention. We conducted in-depth interviews with 51 people sheltered unsheltered in Atlanta, Georgia during May 2020 August (1) describe challenges opportunities related hygiene (2) assess communication preferences. The barrier reported was limited access facilities supplies, which has disproportionately impacted homelessness....

Formative research was conducted to understand the social determinants of HIV risk among African American female adolescents as part a systematic adaptation an evidence-based behavioral prevention intervention, Women's CoOp. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were between November 2008 and April 2009 with 20 aged 16–18 who reported engaging in sex, using alcohol or other drugs, dropping out school. All audio recorded, transcribed, coded for key themes emergent content patterns. The findings...

Congenital syphilis (CS) is on the rise in United States and a growing public health concern. CS an infection with Treponema pallidum infant or fetus, acquired via transplacental transmission when pregnant woman has untreated inadequately treated syphilis. Pregnant women are more likely to experience pregnancies complicated by stillbirth, prematurity, low birth weight, early death, while their children can develop clinical manifestations of such as hepatosplenomegaly, bone abnormalities,...

Vaccine-hesitant persons who inject drugs are at increased risk for several vaccine-preventable diseases. However, vaccination rates among this population remain low. While syringe services programs (SSPs) places where feel comfortable accessing services, few offer services. This study describes facilitators and barriers to SSPs.We used convenience sampling conduct semi-structured, qualitative in-depth interviews with 21 SSPs in the USA from June August 2021. Interview questions asked about...

HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI) risk-reduction interventions are needed to address the complex risk behaviors among African-American female adolescents in disadvantaged communities North Carolina. In a two-group randomized trial, we reached 237 sexually active, substance-using adolescents, test intervention, Young Women's CoOp (YWC), relative nutrition control. efficacy analyses adjusting for baseline condom use, at three-month follow-up participants YWC were significantly less...

Prison is an environment in which programs can be implemented to change harmful behaviors among high-risk populations. Incarcerated women experience high rates of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), yet little research has examined women's motivation reduce risky during incarceration. In-depth individual interviews were conducted with former current prisoners two North Carolina correctional facilities analyzed identify barriers facilitators behavior while prison. Analyses...

Adolescents need information about sex-related topics in order to reduce risk behavior and engage healthy sexual decision-making. Parents have the potential be an important source of this information. Using 2006–2010 2011–2013 National Survey Family Growth, we examined associations between parent–adolescent communication before age 18 HIV testing among respondents aged 18–24 that ever had intercourse (women = 3893; men 3359). Analyses showed for both women, discussing how prevent HIV/AIDS...

CDC's high-impact human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention approach calls for targeting the most cost-effective and scalable interventions to populations of greatest need reduce HIV incidence. CDC has funded research adapt demonstrate efficacy Personalized Cognitive Counseling (PCC) as an intervention. Project ECHO, based in San Francisco, California, during 2010-2012, involved adaptation PCC HIV-negative episodic substance-using men who have sex with (SUMSM) a randomized trial test its...

The southeastern US sustains the highest high school dropout rates, and gangs persist in underserved communities. African American female adolescents who drop out of are gang members at substantial risk exposure to severe violence, physical abuse, sexual exploitation. In this study 237 16-19 years age from North Carolina dropped or considered dropping out, 11% were current past members. Adolescents reported membership began smoking marijuana a mean 13, whereas those no 15 (P<0.001). ages...

A critical need exists for efficacious interventions to reduce sexual risk and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among African American girls in juvenile detention. Adapting evidence-based is one strategy developing that might protect detained from adverse health outcomes. To support development implementation of HIV/STI prevention this population, qualitative study describes lessons learned delivering Imara, an adapted intervention girls. Program includes one-on-one sessions the...

Disease intervention specialists (DIS) provide partner services for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We assessed an expansion of DIS clients with HIV and/or syphilis, and contacts within their social sexual networks.Black Latinx cisgender men transgender women who have sex diagnosed syphilis in 4 urban North Carolina counties were referred to designated DIS, trained recruit as "seeds" chain-referral sampling sociosexual network "peers." All received HIV/STI testing care; referrals...