Attention has been usefully thought of as organized in priority maps - putative space where attentional is weighted across spatial regions a winner-take-all competition for deployment. Recent work highlighted the influence past experiences on weighting called selection history. Aside from being distinct more well-studied, top-down forms enhancement, little known about neural substrates history-mediated priority. Using task to induce statistical learning target distributions, an EEG study we...

Recent studies have revealed that the deployment of attention can be biased by content visual working memory (VWM), but stored memories do not always interact with attention. This has led to a model which proposes division within VWM between single active template interacts perception and multiple accessory representations not. The present study was designed whether are able bias Participants performed search task while maintaining variable number colors in VWM. Consistent earlier findings,...

It is well known that attention can facilitate performance by top-down biasing processing of task-relevant information in advance. Recent findings from behavioral studies suggest distractor inhibition not under similar direct control but strongly dependent on expectations derived previous experience. Yet, how about distracting influence at the neural level remains unclear. The current study addressed this outstanding question three experiments which search displays with repeating or target...

Predictions based on learned statistical regularities in the visual world have been shown to facilitate attention and goal-directed behavior by sharpening sensory representation of goal-relevant stimuli advance. Yet, how brain learns ignore predictable goal-irrelevant or distracting information is unclear. Here, we used EEG a search task which predictability distractor's location and/or spatial frequency was manipulated determine feature distractor expectations are neurally implemented...

A rapidly growing body of research indicates that inhibition distracting information may not be under flexible, top-down control, but instead heavily relies on expectations derived from past experience about the likelihood events. Yet, how influence distractor at neural level remains unclear. To determine induced by features and/or location regularities modulate processing, we measured EEG while participants performed two variants additional singleton paradigm. Critically, in these different...

Abstract There has been a long-lasting debate about whether salient stimuli, such as uniquely colored objects, have the ability to automatically distract us. To resolve this debate, it suggested that stimuli do attract attention but they can be suppressed prevent distraction. Some research supporting viewpoint focused on newly discovered ERP component called distractor positivity (PD), which is thought measure an inhibitory attentional process. This collaborative review summarizes previous...

Abstract Although in many cases salient stimuli capture attention involuntarily, it has been proposed recently that under certain conditions, the bottom–up signal generated by such can be proactively suppressed. In support of this suppression hypothesis, ERP studies have demonstrated do not elicit a distractor positivity (PD), putative neural index suppression. At same time, is becoming increasingly clear regularities across preceding search episodes large influence on attentional selection....

Cueing a remembered item during the delay of visual memory task leads to enhanced recall cued compared when an is not cued. This cueing benefit has been proposed reflect attention within being shifted from distributed mode focused mode, thus protecting against perceptual interference. Here we investigated dynamics building up this mnemonic protection interference by systematically varying SOA between cue onset and subsequent mask in orientation task. Experiment 1 showed that counteracted...

Visual short-term memory (VSTM) performance is enhanced when the to-be-tested item cued after encoding. This so-called retro-cue benefit typically accompanied by a cost for noncued items, suggesting that information lost from VSTM upon presentation of retrospective cue. Here we assessed whether items can be restored to made relevant again subsequent second We presented either 1 or 2 consecutive retro-cues (80% valid) during retention interval change-detection task. Relative no cue, valid cue...

Abstract Selective attention plays a prominent role in prioritizing information working memory (WM), improving performance for attended representations. However, it remains unclear whether unattended WM representations suffer from loss. Here we tested the hypothesis that within WM, selectively attending to an item and stopping storing other items are independent mechanisms. We recorded EEG while participants performed recall task which most likely be was cued retrospectively during...

Current theories assume a functional role for covert attention in the maintenance of spatial information working memory. Consistent with this view, both locus and positions stored memory can be decoded based on topography oscillatory alpha-band (8–12 Hz) activity scalp. Thus far, however, alpha modulation has been studied isolation tasks. Here, we applied an inverted encoding model combination EEG to study temporal dynamics spatially specific during task that required observers visually...

Attentional capture by an irrelevant salient distractor is attenuated when the presented more frequently in one location compared to other locations, suggesting that people learn suppress location. However, date it unclear whether this suppression proactive, applied before attention has been directed location, or reactive, occurring after specific The aim of present study investigate how accomplished using pinging technique, which allows probe distributed across visual field prior...

Avoiding distraction by salient yet irrelevant stimuli is critical when accomplishing daily tasks. One possible mechanism to accomplish this suppressing that may be distracting such they no longer compete for attention. While the behavioral benefits of distractor suppression are well-established, its neural underpinnings not fully understood. In an fMRI study, we examined whether and how sensory responses in early visual areas show signs after incidental learning spatial statistical...

This study demonstrates that even objects generating acute fear through shock conditioning can be attentionally suppressed. Participants searched for shapes while a color singleton distractor was presented. In preconditioning phase, participants learned to suppress frequently appearing in specific location. Following conditioning, suppression remained place those distractors were now associated with receiving an electric shock. finding provides evidence people learn stimuli they fear. The...

Attentional capture by an irrelevant salient distractor is attenuated when the appears more frequently in one location, suggesting learned suppression of that location. However, it remains unclear whether proactive (before attention directed) or reactive (after allocated). Here, we investigated this using a ‘pinging’ technique to probe attentional distribution before search onset. In EEG experiment, participants searched for shape singleton while ignoring color at high-probability To reveal...

Avoiding distraction by salient yet irrelevant stimuli is critical when accomplishing daily tasks. One possible mechanism to accomplish this suppressing that may be distracting such they no longer compete for attention. While the behavioral benefits of distractor suppression are well established, its neural underpinnings not fully understood. In a functional MRI (fMRI) study, we examined whether and how sensory responses in early visual areas show signs after incidental learning spatial...

Through experience, humans can learn to suppress locations that frequently contain distracting stimuli. However, the neural mechanism underlying learned suppression remains largely unknown. In this study, we combined steady-state visually evoked potentials (SSVEPs) with event-related (ERPs) investigate behind statistically spatial suppression. Twenty-four male and female human participants performed a version of additional singleton search task in which one location contained distractor...

Research has recently shown that efficient selection relies on the implicit extraction of environmental regularities, known as statistical learning. Although this been demonstrated for scenes, similar learning arguably also occurs objects. To test this, we developed a paradigm allowed us to track attentional priority at specific object locations irrespective object's orientation in three experiments with young adults (all Ns = 80). Experiments 1a and 1b established within-object by...