A5028745667- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Coccidia and coccidiosis research
- Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
- Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
- Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins
- Bird parasitology and diseases
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Meat and Animal Product Quality
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Gut microbiota and health
- Helminth infection and control
- Pesticide Residue Analysis and Safety
- Livestock and Poultry Management
- Moringa oleifera research and applications
- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
Norwegian Veterinary Institute
2013-2023
Monash University
2013
Swedish Veterinary Agency
2008
The clinical, pathological, and bacteriological findings of a mild form necrotic enteritis (NE) in broiler chickens are presented. term subclinical NE (SNE) is proposed for this condition. A diagnosis SNE was based on the detection macroscopically visible, focal lesions small intestinal mucosa. ileal gut contents from birds yielded increased numbers Clostridium perfringens reduced coliform bacteria. Reduced lactobacilli streptococci were detected pens coccidial oocysts not found rectal...
ABSTRACT Clostridium perfringens is an anaerobic bacterium that causes numerous important human and animal diseases, primarily as a result of its ability to produce many different protein toxins. In chickens, C. necrotic enteritis, disease economic importance the worldwide poultry industry. The secreted pore-forming toxin NetB key virulence factor in pathogenesis avian enteritis similar alpha-hemolysin, β-barrel from Staphylococcus aureus . To address molecular mechanisms underlying...
Historical meat inspection data and production performance collected from a large poultry processing plant in Norway were used to study the association between Clostridium perfringens infection commercial broiler flocks. The period was limited first 2.5 years after withdrawal of in-feed antibiotic avoparcin, when necrotic enteritis frequently seen. High levels C. perfringens-associated hepatitis at slaughter as an indicator C.perfringens infection. contribution margins 25 43% lower flocks...
The objective of this study was to add existing knowledge the epidemiology and aetiology coccidial infections in commercial broiler flocks. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) morphometric identification Eimeria species were compared as means differentiation field samples faeces litter. For morphometry, categorized into three groups based on lengths oocysts. Two random broilers studied, one during 2000/01 other 2003/04. prophylactic regime (in-feed narasin), husbandry methods applied broadly...
The dosing of young chicks with cultures normal gut flora has been termed "competitive exclusion" (CE). This study was undertaken to examine, under field conditions, the effect CE treatment on counts intestinal Clostridium perfringens (CP) and occurrence CP-associated disease in broiler chickens. A farm having recurrent health problems selected as site. comprised four houses, one treated untreated flock per house. Treated birds were sprayed product Broilact upon arrival at farm. All flocks...
The inclusion of antibacterial feed additives has until now been the major strategy for controlling Clostridium perfringens-associated necrotic enteritis in broilers. In present study, effect maternal immunization against disease was examined. Broiler breeder hens were injected intramuscularly with candidate vaccines based on C. perfringens type A and C toxoids adjuvanted aluminium hydroxide. Vaccination resulted a strong serum immunoglobulin G response to alpha-toxin parent hens, specific...
Fish meal and fish oil are increasingly replaced by ingredients from terrestrial sources in the feeds for farmed salmonids due to expanding production reduced availability of marine feed raw material. that is rich n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids considered beneficial human health general prevent intestinal inflammation carcinogenesis particular. In contrast, n-6 present many vegetable oils have been associated with increased risk colitis colon cancer rodents humans, as well lowered...
Historical data of necrotic enteritis incidence and carcass condemnations owing to liver lesions in south-eastern Norway during 1978-1998 revealed covariance the occurrence two variables. In histological examination first half 1998, 33 45 sampled carcasses condemned showed histopathological changes consistent with earlier described Clostridium perfringens-associated hepatitis. The results suggest that broiler flocks may be monitored by using meat inspection on lesions.
The effect of Clostridium perfringens challenge, number challenge days, and pre-challenge antibiotic treatment on the induction necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens raised litter was studied, relationship between bacterial counts frequency gut lesions evaluated. Specific intestinal randomly selected birds were present despite a lack disease-specific mortality. Challenge, days associated with median C. perfringens. antibiotics cannot be evaluated unless procedures for control infection...
We have tested the effect of various combinations formic acid and sorbate on Campylobacter jejuni colonization in broiler chickens to reduce this zoonotic pathogen chicken flocks.Chickens were offered feed supplemented with different concentrations and/or potassium sorbate. found little or no Camp. levels that given alone. A combination 1.5% 0.1% reduced significantly, while a concentration 2.0% prevented chickens. This inhibition was replicated two independent trials three strains.Our...
Numerous non-antibiotic feed additives (alternatives to antibiotics, ATAs) have been marketed, but few evaluated under uniform testing conditions modelling commercial flocks. We compared 24 ATA treatments and the ionophorous coccidiostat narasin against a diet without any additives. Feed conversion ratio body weight gain were registered from day 0 28 in Ross 308 chickens housed on litter floor. The challenged with Eimeria spp., cecal Clostridium perfringens (CP) counts investigated. Active...
The objective of this work was to examine the impact subclinical coccidial infection on commercial performance, expressed as a modified European Production Index, in broilers. Performance data, and litter faecal samples, were collected from two independent observational surveys Norwegian broilers receiving in-feed narasin during 2000 2004. Numbers oocysts per gram (OPG) rearing (Study 1) or samples at slaughter (both studies), relative frequencies Eimeria species categories studies)...
Globally, the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium perfringens causes severe disease in a wide array of hosts; however, C. strains are also carried asymptomatically. Accessory genes responsible for much observed phenotypic variation and virulence within this species, with toxins frequently encoded on conjugative plasmids many isolates carrying up to 10 plasmids. Despite unusual biology, current genomic analyses have largely excluded from healthy hosts or environmental sources. genomes, including...
Necrotic enteritis (NE), a disease associated with high numbers of the intestinal bacterium Clostridium perfringens, is common in intensive broiler production. Antimicrobial feed additives may control disease, but their use now being questioned many countries. A field study was undertaken at end 1997 to level naturally occurring specific humoral immunity against phospholipase C (PLC; perfringens alpha toxin) Norwegian flocks. Blood samples were collected hatch from 61 flocks, and sampling...
Diets based on barley or corn without avoparcin supplementation were associated with high counts of Clostridium perfringens in the contents small intestine birds at age 2 to 4 wk. The weight gain younger than wk and body 4-wk-old significantly lower, feed conversion ratio slaughter was higher, diets diets. frequency sticky droppings Day 21 higher for number C. perfringens, lower but coliform bacteria, during 3rd wk, chickens when supplemented 7.5 mg avoparcin/kg feed. effect statistically...
Dietary inclusion of a bacterial meal has recently been shown to efficiently abolish soybean meal-induced enteritis in Atlantic salmon. The objective this study was investigate whether the diet could abrogate disease development murine model epithelial injury and colitis thus possibly have therapeutic potential human inflammatory bowel disease. C57BL/6N mice were fed ad libitum control or an experimental containing 254 g/kg body weight BioProtein, consisting Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath),...
Abstract The salmonid orthomyxovirus infectious salmon anaemia virus ( ISAV ) causes disease of varying severity in farmed A tlantic salmon, S almo salar L . Field observations suggest that host factors, the environment and differences between strains attribute to large variation progression. Variation mortality dissemination isolates with high low virulence (based on a previously published injection challenge) were investigated using immersion challenge. Virus was determined real‐time PCR...
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between mucosal gizzard lesions and caecal Clostridium perfringens counts. Gross pathological changes in small intestine, C. counts from 1217 meat-type chickens were recorded during course six experiments statistically analysed. increased significantly (P < 0.001) with severity lesions. Mucosal more prevalent than necrotic enteritis. Correcting for pen enteritis within experiment, explained 31.8% variation age together 59.1% mean ages...
Impaired growth, immunity, and intestinal barrier in mammals, poultry, carp have been attributed to the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON). The increased use of plant ingredients aquaculture feed implies a risk for contamination with mycotoxins. effects dietary DON were explored 12-month-old Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) (start weight 58 g) that offered standard non-detectable levels mycotoxins (control group) or 5.5 mg DON/kg (DON group). Each group comprised two tanks 25 fish per tank. Five...