A5072406023- Cultural Differences and Values
- Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence
- Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment
- Emotions and Moral Behavior
- Religion and Society Interactions
- Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Crime, Deviance, and Social Control
- Language, Metaphor, and Cognition
- Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
- Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Social Representations and Identity
- Crime Patterns and Interventions
- Legal Systems and Judicial Processes
- Culture, Economy, and Development Studies
- Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology
- Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies
- American Constitutional Law and Politics
- Coronary Interventions and Diagnostics
- Housing Market and Economics
- Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Leadership, Courage, and Heroism Studies
- Social and Cultural Dynamics
- Race, History, and American Society
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
2014-2025
College of Law
1999-2018
University of Illinois System
1997-2014
Saint Luke's Hospital
2013
Illinois College
2011-2012
Chicago Kent College of Law
2011-2012
University of Illinois Chicago
2012
Institute for Culture and Ecology
2008
University of Waterloo
1999-2002
Russell Sage Foundation
1998
The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease: August 2008 - Volume 196 Issue 8 p 652-653 doi: 10.1097/NMD.0b013e3181813228
The authors report 5 studies that demonstrate manhood, in contrast to womanhood, is seen as a precarious state requiring continual social proof and validation. Because of this precariousness, they argue men feel especially threatened by challenges their masculinity. Certain male-typed behaviors, such physical aggression, may result from anxiety. Studies 1-3 document robust belief (a) the nature manhood relative womanhood (b) idea defined more than biological markers. Study 4 demonstrates...
Although the individualism-collectivism dimension is usually examined in a U.S. versus Asian context, there variation within United States. The authors created an eight-item index ranking states terms of collectivist individualist tendencies. As predicted, tendencies were strongest Deep South, and Mountain West Great Plains. In Part 2, convergent validity for was obtained by showing that state collectivism scores predicted individual attitudes, as measured national survey, 3, used to explore...
The CuPS (Culture × Person Situation) approach attempts to jointly consider culture and individual differences, without treating either as noise reducing one the other. Culture is important because it helps define psychological situations create meaningful clusters of behavior according particular logics. Individual differences are individuals vary in extent which they endorse or reject a culture's ideals. Further, different cultures organized by logics, mean something each. Central these...
Profound reduction in antegrade epicardial coronary flow with concomitant ischemia is seen occasionally during percutaneous intervention despite the absence of evident vessel dissection, obstruction, or distal embolic cutoff. In a prior small series cases, this "no-reflow" phenomenon appeared to be promptly reversed by intra-coronary administration verapamil.To further understand prevalence syndrome and its responsiveness proposed therapy, we reviewed 1919 interventions performed between...
The southern United States has long been known to be more violent than the northern States. authors argue that this may due in part an ideology justifying violence for self-protection and maintaining "honor " or a reputation toughness. Analysis of data from three surveys shows White males do not endorse unconditionally but when it is used self-protection, defend one's honor, socialize children. These fit well with behavioral concerning gun ownership types homicide committed South. Although...
Two studies explored how domestic violence may be implicitly or explicitly sanctioned and reinforced in cultures where honor is a salient organizing theme. Three general predictions were supported: (a) female infidelity damages man's reputation, particularly cultures; (b) this reputation can partially restored through the use of violence; (c) women are expected to remain loyal face jealousy-related violence. Study 1 involved participants from Brazil (an culture) United States responding...
Two field experiments illustrate how institutions of the U.S. South and West can help perpetuate violence related to a culture honor. In Study 1, employers across United States were sent letters from job applicants who had allegedly killed someone in an honor-related conflict. Southern western companies more likely than their northern counterparts respond understanding cooperative way. 2, newspapers facts for story concerning stabbing response family insult. papers created stories that...
The experiment reported investigated the phenomenological consequences of Easterners' and Westerners' perspectives on self. Two findings are consistent with notion that Asians more likely than Westerners to experience self from perspective generalized other First, Eastern participants were Western have third-person (as opposed first-person) memories when they thought about situations in which would be at center a scene. Second, Easterners engaged different sorts projections read emotional...
The self is defined and judged differently by people from face dignity cultures (in this case, Hong Kong the United States, respectively). Across 3 experiments, a culture absorbed judgments of other into their private self-definitions. Particularly important for are public representations--knowledge that shared known to be about someone. In contrast, try preserve sovereign not letting others define them. participants showed studied indifference peers, ignoring peers' assessments--whether...
Around the globe, people fight for their honor, even if it means sacrificing lives. This is puzzling from an evolutionary perspective, and little known about conditions under which honor cultures evolve. We implemented agent-based model of our simulations showed that reliability institutions toughness environment are crucial evolution cultures. Honor survive when effectiveness authorities low, in very tough environments. Moreover, results show aggressive mutually dependent what resembles a...
This article introduces the Emotional Broadcaster Theory (EBT) of emotional disclosure. EBT proposes that intrapsychic need to share experiences with others serves interpersonal function transmitting news. According model, psychologically arousing stories will travel across social networks. In addition, extent which reflects degree original teller was affected by experience shared. These hypotheses were tested in a field study wherein college students visited hospital morgue. Students’...
Social policies reflect cultural values. Because of their frontier heritage, the U.S. South and West were hypothesized to have cultures favoring violence for self-protection. Predictions confirmed laws relating guns, defense self home, foreign policy. In addition, legacy slavery should make more accepting used coercion punishment. spousal abuse, corporal punishment, capital The slave nonslave differed from each other only on issues further implicating as a source this ideology. It also was...
Norms for politeness may actually promote violence in the US. South. Whereas northerners have behavioral rituals which they give and receive small doses of hostility to regulate conflict, southerners seem not to. In two laboratory experiments, were less clear than both sending receiving signs hostility. Study 1, initially showed little reaction an annoying confederate only end with bursts anger far more sudden severe ever showed. 2, as subjects watched objectively dangerous situations...
Cultural values emphasizing female loyalty, sacrifice, and male honor may indirectly sanction relationship violence reward women who remain in abusive relationships. Two studies compare participants from subcultures (Latinos southern Anglos Study 1, Chileans 2) without strong traditions (northern U.S. Anglo-Canadians 2). In watch a videotape of woman describing an relationship. Participants cultures are relatively more favorable to the if she stays relationship, compared northerners. 2,...
This article explores one reason why norms for male honor-related aggression persist in the U.S. South, even though they may no longer be functional. The authors suggest that, addition to cultural differences internalized values, southerners are more likely than northerners perceive peer endorsement of norms. Study 1 found that southern males were especially overestimate aggressiveness their peers. 2 tested hypothesis would actively encourage aggressive behavior others, but support was...
People's judgments about their own moral status and well-being were made differently by those from a Dignity culture (Anglo-Americans) Face (Asian Americans). participants more influenced information processed third-person (compared with first-person) perspective, the self having powerful effect only when seen through another's eyes. Thus, (a) Asian Americans felt greatest need for cleansing thinking how others would judge many (vs. few) transgressions, but this did not hold invoked, (b)...