Symmetry and topology govern many electronic, magnetic, photonic phenomena in condensed matter physics optics, resulting counterintuitive skyrmion, meron, other important for modern technologies. Here we demonstrate spin lattices as a new topological construct governed by the spin-orbit coupling an optical field. The symmetry of electromagnetic field presence interaction may result only two types lattices: either hexagonal spin-skyrmion or square spin-meron lattices. We show that these...

Photonic spin skyrmions with deep-subwavelength features have aroused considerable interest in recent years. However, the manipulation of structure a desired manner is still challenge, while this crucial for developing skyrmion-based applications. Here, an approach optical by utilizing spin-momentum equation proposed to investigate texture photonic skyrmion-pair. With benefit approach, unique angular momentum varying linearly along line connecting two skyrmion centers theoretically designed...

Optical skyrmions are quasiparticles with nontrivial topological textures that have significant potential in optical information processing, transmission, and storage. Here, we theoretically experimentally achieve the conversion of among Néel, Bloch, intermediate skyrmions, bimerons by polarization devices, where fusion annihilation demonstrated accordingly. By analyzing pattern Poincaré beams, reveal skyrmion topology dependence on device, which provides a pathway for study interactions. A...

Intrinsic spin-momentum locking is an inherent property of surface electromagnetic fields and its study has led to the discovery phenomena such as unidirectional guided waves photonic spin lattices. Previously, dispersion was ignored in locking, resulting anomalies contradicting apparent physical reality. Here, we formulate four dispersive equations, revealing theory that transverse locked with kinetic momentum. Moreover, metal or magnetic materials obeys left-hand screw rule. In addition...

Abstract Spin angular momenta play important roles in light–matter interactions, leading to the emergence of spin Hall effect and topological quasiparticles modern optics. The typical approach is decompose spins plane electromagnetic waves into longitudinal transverse components, yet this description not easily transferable more structured environments. Here, we developed a field theory reveal physical origin properties for arbitrary (including water acoustic waves) both near-field free...

Topological textures in optics such as skyrmions and merons are increasingly studied for their potential functions light–matter interactions, deep-subwavelength imaging, nanometrology. However, they were previously generated either strongly confined guided waves or paraxial beams. This has posed a significant challenge constructing nonparaxial propagating due to the lack of symmetry-breaking optical field difficulty characterizing full three-dimensional spin at nanoscale. We theoretically...

Directional coupling of light at the nanoscale plays a significant role in both fundamental research and practical applications, which are crucial for development on-chip photonic devices. In this work, we propose broadband directional coupler surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) utilizing pair obliquely perforated nanoslits. We demonstrate that tilting slits significantly enhances sensitivity plasmonic phase variation to wavelength incident light, enabling precise wavelength-dependent control...

We report the formation of photonic skyrmion defects in split plasmonic vortices upon broken rotational symmetry electromagnetic field presence spin–orbit interaction. By employing interaction between light and a partially chiral metallic structure, we demonstrate high order to one with unit topological charge, where antivortices Poynting vector are assigned at vicinity, giving rise spin reversal construction antiskyrmionic topology. In addition, reveal charge constraints for from...

Topological spin structures of light, including the Skyrmion, Meron, and bi-Meron, are intriguing optical phenomena that arise from spin-orbit coupling. They have promising potential applications in nano-metrology, data storage, super-resolved imaging chiral detection. Aside electric part spin, equal importance is magnetic part, particularly H-type electromagnetic modes for which topological properties field dominated by field. However, their observation measurement remains absent faces...

Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of the effective medium approximation (EMA) breakdown in all-dielectric deep-subwavelength multilayers made alternating layers by means transfer matrix method. We demonstrated that is invalid at vicinity medium's critical angle for total internal reflection and obtained an analytical criterion EMA, which depends on layer thickness, incident angle, permittivity difference between alternate layers. rebuilt EMA adding higher-order correction onto...

Photonic skyrmions and merons are topological quasiparticles characterized by nontrivial electromagnetic textures, which have received increasing research attention recently, providing novel degree of freedom to manipulate light-matter interactions exhibiting excellent potential in deep-subwavelength imaging nanometrology. Here, the stability photonic spin meron lattices, indicates invariance skyrmion number robustness texture under a continuous deformation field configuration, is...

A high-precision displacement sensing technique based on the detection of asymmetric intensity patterns Bloch surface waves is proposed, with a sensitivity 0.122 nm⁻¹ and resolution better than 10 nm.

With the characteristics of ultrasmall, ultrafast, and topological protection, optical skyrmions are great prospects for applications in high intensity data stroage, resolution microscopic imaging, polarization sensing. Flexible control over topology is required practical implementation/application. At present, manipulation usually relies upon change spatial structure, which results a limited-tuning range discontinuous parameter space. Here, we propose continuous graphene plasmon based on...

A Bloch surface wave (BSW) lens is the low-loss counterpart of a plasmonic lens, designed to convert far-field light into subwavelength near-field optical spot, and vice versa. Propagation BSW greatly extended in absence metal's intrinsic loss; therefore, analysis passing through multiple-ring slots critical for efficient design. The authors find that reflectance loss ring slot nontrivial multiring they present an optimized design balances increasing number with reflective loss. This work...

Manipulation of a vector micro-beam with an optical antenna has significant potentials for nano-optical technology applications including bio-optics, fabrication, and quantum information processing. We have designed demonstrated central aperture within Archimedean spiral that extracts the bonding plasmonic field from surface to produce new focal spot in far-field. The properties this are revealed by confocal microscopy theoretical simulations. pattern, polarization phase determined incident...

Integration of multiple diversified functionalities into an ultracompact platform is crucial for the development on-chip photonic devices. Recently, a promising all-dielectric two-dimensional based on Bloch surface waves (BSWs) sustained by dielectric multilayer has been proposed to enable various and provide novel approach Here, we design fabricate multifunctional directional coupler achieve both spectral polarimetric routing employing asymmetric nanoslits in platform. Due dispersion...

We combined confocal surface plasmon coupled emission microscopy (C-SPCEM) together with fluorescence difference (FED) technique to pursuit super-resolution fluorescent image. Solid or hollow point spread function (PSF) for C-SPCEM is achieved radially-polarized circularly-polarized illumination. The reason why PSF can be manipulated by the polarization of illumination light corroborated interaction emitter vector focal field on plasmonic substrate. After introduction FED technique, C-SPECM...

Micro-spectroscopy is a critical instrument for spectrum analysis in various applications such as chemical and biological analysis, environment detection, hyperspectral imaging. However, current micro-spectral technique requires bulky costly spectrometer. In this report, new type of Bloch surface wave (BSW) based micro-spectrometer proposed. A single silicon nanoparticle sitting on dielectric multilayer substrate used to excite the BSW which acts nanoscale unknown source. Taking advantage...

Plasmonic lenses are widely applied to manipulate optical phase or polarization distribution in the near and far field, but its polarization-dependent anisotropy is seldomly reported. Not only plasmonic mode (excited by transverse magnetic polarization), also photonic electric polarization) has an effect on field distribution. In this paper, of concentric ring lens been investigated with polarizing microscope explained interference theoretical model. Moreover, several kinds mutually compared...

A generalized method is proposed for the manipulation of Bloch surface waves (BSWs) with multiple designed phases. This based on perfectly matched Bragg diffraction a wide range available angles and can be used beyond paraxial limit to realize nonparaxial accelerating BSW beams. When combined caustic method, beams pre-engineered trajectories have been successfully generated, including power-law, circular, elliptic, bottle Furthermore, transverse light field distribution these consistent...

We investigate the interaction between cylindrical vector beams (CVBs) and metallic annular structures. The mechanisms for plasmonic focusing field distributions are studied both analytically numerically. demonstrate that patterns locked with order of CVBs due to polarization selectivity excitation fields, which can be employed as a simplified yet efficient means characterizing detecting CVBs. robustness pattern is analyzed deviation centers nanoring introduced, providing quantitative...