A5042028220- Diabetes Management and Research
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Child and Animal Learning Development
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Memory Processes and Influences
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Retinal Imaging and Analysis
- Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Categorization, perception, and language
- Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Face Recognition and Perception
- Language, Metaphor, and Cognition
- Deception detection and forensic psychology
- Neurological and metabolic disorders
Harvard University
2011-2023
Joslin Diabetes Center
2012-2023
Harvard University Press
2009-2012
Oracle (United States)
2000
Columbia University
1993-1999
Barnard College
1993-1997
Veterans Health Administration
1992
San Francisco VA Medical Center
1990-1991
University of California, San Diego
1990-1991
United States Department of Veterans Affairs
1990
Long-standing concern about the effects of type 1 diabetes on cognitive ability has increased with use therapies designed to bring glucose levels close nondiabetic range and attendant risk severe hypoglycemia.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for Alzheimer disease (AD). Populations at AD show altered brain activity in the default mode network (DMN) before cognitive dysfunction. We evaluated this pattern T2DM patients. compared patients (n = 10, age 56 ± 2.2 years, fasting plasma glucose [FPG] 8.4 1.3 mmol/L, HbA(1c) 7.5 0.54%) with nondiabetic age-matched control subjects 11, 54 1.8 FPG 4.8 0.2 mmol/L) using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate...
The effects of type 1 diabetes and key metabolic variables on brain structure are not well understood. Sensitive methods assessing structure, such as voxel-based morphometry (VBM), have previously been used to investigate central nervous system changes in a diabetic population. Using VBM, we compared patients aged 25–40 years with disease duration 15–25 minimal complications an age-matched, nondiabetic control group. We investigated whether lower than expected gray matter densities were...
Early detection of brain abnormalities at the preclinical stage can be useful for developing preventive interventions to abate cognitive decline. We examined whether middle-aged type 2 diabetic patients show reduced white matter integrity in fiber tracts important cognition and this abnormality is related preestablished altered resting-state functional connectivity default mode network (DMN). Diabetic nondiabetic participants underwent diffusion tensor imaging, magnetic resonance assessment....
The article reports an investigation of implicit and explicit memory for novel, visual patterns. Implicit was assessed by a speeded perception task, four-alternative, forced-choice recognition task. Tests were given either immediately after testing or 7 days later. results suggest that single exposure nonverbal stimulus is sufficient to establish representation in capable supporting long-lived perceptual priming. In contrast, showed significant loss over the same delay. Performance measures...
The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether severe hypoglycemia or intensive therapy affects cognitive performance over time in a subgroup patients who were aged 13-19 years at entry the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT).This longitudinal involving 249 with type 1 diabetes between 13 19 old when they randomly assigned DCCT. Scores on comprehensive battery tests obtained during Epidemiology Interventions follow-up study, approximately 18 later, compared baseline...
Amnesic patients and control subjects studied words nonwords were then given a perceptual identification test involving briefly presented new (i.e., unstudied) old previously studied) items. Perceptual priming was measured as an increase in the probability of identifying items comparison with exhibited entirely normal for both nonwords. The amnesic significantly impaired, however, recognizing that had appeared on test. did not appear to be based activation phonologically or orthographically...
<h3>Context</h3> Neural substrates for low cognitive performance and depression, common long-term central nervous system–related changes in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, have not yet been studied. <h3>Objective</h3> To investigate whether prefrontal glutamate levels are higher an elevation is related to lower depression. <h3>Design</h3> Cross-sectional study. <h3>Setting</h3> General clinical research center. <h3>Participants</h3> One hundred twenty-three adult varying degrees of...
Our experiments asked whether implicit learning occurs for novel nonverbal associations. We presented subjects with color names printed in incongruent colors; were to name the which word was printed. In Experiment 1, each of 7 words associated same across 6 blocks trials, and then color-word associations abruptly changed. Both control patients amnesia reduced their color-naming times first trial blocks, naming increased when 2, similar results obtained neutral colors. 3, we found that not...
OBJECTIVE Patients with type 1 diabetes now live long enough to experience cognitive decline. During middle age, they show mild deficits, but it is unknown whether severity increases aging or profiles are similar those of age-matched peers and without diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We tested compared cognition in 82 individuals 50 more years (Medalists), 31 2 diabetes, 30 control subjects Medical histories biospecimens were collected. also evaluated the association complications...
Patients with type 2 diabetes demonstrate reduced functional connectivity within the resting state default mode network (DMN), which may signal heightened risk for cognitive decline. In other populations at decline, additional magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities are evident during task performance, including impaired deactivation of DMN and activation task-relevant regions. We investigated whether middle-aged diabetic patients show these brain activity patterns encoding recognition...
Amnesic patients were studied to determine whether the acquisition and retention of item-specific skills can be supported by nondeclarative (implicit) memory. In Experiment 1, subjects read 2 different passages 3 times in succession. Reading speed improved at a similar rate both amnesic normal was specific text that read. 2, passage successive then reread same after 0-s, 10-min, 2-hr, or 1-day delay. groups, facilitation persisted for least 10 min disappeared within hr. It is suggested...
To investigate the effects of acute hypoglycemia on working memory and brain function in patients with type 1 diabetes.Using blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging during euglycemic (5.0 mmol/L) hypoglycemic (2.8 hyperinsulinemic clamps, we compared activation response to a working-memory task (WMT) diabetic subjects (n = 16) that age-matched nondiabetic control 16). Behavioral performance was assessed by percent correct responses.During euglycemia, WMT...
Human brain networks mediating interoceptive, behavioral, and cognitive aspects of glycemic control are not well studied. Using group independent component analysis with dual-regression approach functional magnetic resonance imaging data, we examined the connectivity changes large-scale resting state during sequential euglycemic–hypoglycemic clamp studies in patients type 1 diabetes nondiabetic controls how these hypoglycemia were related to symptoms awareness concurrent glycosylated...
CONTEXT Neural substrates that may be responsible for the high prevalence of depression in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) have not yet been elucidated. OBJECTIVE To investigate neuroanatomic correlates T1DM. DESIGN Case-control study using high-resolution brain magnetic resonance images. SETTINGS Joslin Diabetes Center and McLean Hospital, Massachusetts, Seoul National University South Korea. PARTICIPANTS A total 125 patients with T1DM (44 subjects ≥1 previous depressive episodes...
This study examined whether amnesic patients and normal subjects can acquire novel associations implicitly such learning occur rapidly in a single trial. In two experiments, studied word pairs either once or multiple times were then asked to read old, new, recombined as quickly possible. this paradigm, the of would be indicated by slower reading for than old pairs. third experiment, perceptual identification paradigm was used assess implicit new associations. One-trial not observed first but...
Amnesic patients (n = 9) and normal subjects 12) read lists of unique words, repeated nonwords, nonwords as quickly possible. In the first experiment both groups items faster than improved at same rate within each list. second experiment, four new then reread after a 10-min delay. The results replicated findings from demonstrated in addition that facilitated reading speed persisted across These show acquisition novel verbal information can be supported by nondeclarative (implicit) memory. It...
Mechanisms underlying the brain response to hypoglycemia are not well understood.Our objective was determine blood glucose level at which hypothalamus and other regions activated in type 1 diabetic patients control subjects.This a cross-sectional study evaluating activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging conjunction with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemic clamp lower from euglycemia (90 mg/dl) (50 mg/dl).The performed Brain Imaging Center McLean Hospital.Seven between 18 50 yr old six...