Increased emphasis on community collaboration indicates the need for consensus regarding definition of within public health. This study examined whether members diverse US communities described in similar ways. To identify strategies to support HIV vaccine trials, qualitative interviews were conducted with 25 African Americans Durham, NC; 26 gay men San Francisco, Calif; injection drug users Philadelphia, Pa; and 42 researchers across United States. Verbatim responses question “What does...

Summary Although drought frequency and severity are predicted to increase across numerous continental interiors, the consequences of these changes for dominant plants largely unknown. Over last decade, south‐western US has experienced six years, including extreme droughts 1996 2002, which led widespread tree mortality northern Arizona. We examined impact on co‐dominant species pinyon–juniper woodland ( Pinus edulis Juniperus monosperma ), a major vegetation type in US. Pinyon following both...

Rapid assessment projects are expanding in the arenas of public health policy, planning, and program development both developing developed nations. This article reviews methodological advances that have changed rapid from a primarily “quick dirty” approach for data collection into tool time-sensitive changes intervention strategies, community-based organizational structure, evaluation, policy decisions. The design Assessment, Response, Evaluation Project, adopted by Office HIV/AIDS Policy...

OBJECTIVE: To describe Latino beliefs about diabetes and assess heterogeneity in across different groups. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This study comprised a survey of 161 representative adults from four diverse communities: Hartford, Connecticut; Edinburg, Texas; Guadalajara, Mexico; rural Guatemala. A 130-item questionnaire covered causes symptoms, treatments for diabetes. Information on demographics acquaintanceship with someone was also collected. The cultural consensus model used to...

The association between condom norms and unprotected sexual intercourse was examined within social networks of young African American men who have sex with (MSM) in an HIV epicenter the southern United States. We used a chain-link design to recruit 158 men: 95 initial participants, 56 contacts participants (alters) 7 alters. Men high-risk group, compared those no-risk perceived significantly lower approval concerning use their networks. Also, 100 could be connected each other 86 dyads Within...

Objectives. The US Department of Health and Human Services, in collaboration with the Congressional Black Caucus, created a new initiative to address disproportionate ongoing HIV/AIDS crisis racial/ethnic minority populations. Methods. This included deploying technical assistance teams through Office Policy. introduced rapid assessment response methodologies trained communities their use. Results. first 3 eligible cities (Detroit, Miami, Philadelphia) focused assessments small geographic...

This study examines drug acquisition and multiperson use of paraphernalia, drugs, needles/syringes. Ethnographers observed 54 injection episodes in which IDUs were linked by HIV risk behaviors, developed a typology higher-risk, lower-risk, nonsharing-risk networks. Multiperson paraphernalia or solution occurred most events (94%). Serial syringes/needles infrequently (14%) relative to "backloading" (37%) reuse (cookers 84%, cotton 77%, water 77%). Higher-risk networks characterized larger...

This study reports on community surveys of 160 representative Latino adults in Hartford, CT, Edinburg, TX, Guadalajara, Mexico; and rural Guatemala. A 142-item questionnaire covered asthma beliefs practices (e.g., causes, symptoms, treatments). The cultural consensus model was used to analyze the agreement among respondents within each sample describe beliefs. Beliefs were then compared across four samples. Analysis data shows that there overall consistency or regarding individuals at site...

The hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae Annand) is a small, aphid-like insect native to East Asia and western North America. First documented in the eastern United States Richmond, VA, 1951, it has spread at least 17 states, where causes increased mortality among both Carolina hemlocks (Tsuga canadensis Carrière T. caroliniana Engelmann., respectively). Previous work suggested low temperatures may limit northward of adelgid. Using recent surveys A. across infested latitudinal gradient...

Abstract Insect pests cost billions of dollars per year globally, negatively impacting food crops and infrastructure, contributing to the spread disease. Timely information regarding developmental stages can facilitate early detection control, increasing efficiency effectiveness. In 2018, U.S. National Phenology Network (USA-NPN) released a suite ‘Pheno Forecast’ map products relevant science management. The Pheno Forecasts include real-time maps short-term forecasts insect pest activity at...

Objectives. To estimate the association between race/ethnicity and drug- alcohol-related arrest outcomes. Methods. We used multinomial logistic regression general estimating equations to outcomes in 36 073 arrests obtained from administrative records a Southwest US county 2009 2018. Results were stratified by charge type. Results. Among misdemeanor arrests, American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN; adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.60; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.32, 3.90), Latino (AOR 1.53; CI...

A new population of the Asian longhorned beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis Motschulsky), an invasive species in North America since 1996, was discovered Charleston County, South Carolina, 2020. This is furthest south has established America. Previous models only estimate development time at this latitude; as such, we examined phenology novel climate. Over 24 consecutive months, collected 153 eggs, 878 larvae, 37 pupae, and 1 unemerged adult (1,009 total specimens) from federal quarantine zone...

Abstract The Asian longhorned beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis (ALB, Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), is a federally regulated invasive species capable of infesting several different genera hardwood trees. Accurate knowledge ALB’s phenology critical for the effective implementation management and eradication plans. We updated ALBLT prediction model used empirical data collected in South Carolina, USA to validate v. 2.0. new largely agreed with ALB life stages found field collections, except late...

Abstract It is usually impossible to know if reported differences between cultures are due cultural or a difference in the methods used study cultures. This paper describes collaborative, multisite using shared methodology intra‐ and inter‐cultural variation beliefs. A series of standard interview schedules were Latin American beliefs about empacho Guatemala, Mexico, United States (Mexican‐Americans Puerto Ricans). Results showed consistency both within four samples. Key words: Empacho folk...

The practice of curanderismo, or Mexican American folk medicine, is part a historically and culturally important health care system deeply rooted in native healing techniques. This the first book to describe from an insider's point view, based on authors' three-year apprenticeships with curanderos (healers).Robert T. Trotter Juan Antonio Chavira present intimate view not only how curanderismo practiced but also it learned passed as tradition. By providing better understanding why continue be...

Abstract 1. Previous studies have shown that plant stress and vigour impact the preference performance of many insect species. Global climate‐change scenarios suggest some regions such as continental interiors may become increasingly subject to severe drought. In combination, these two issues drought‐driven communities on a landscape scale. While there been population relating life history individual herbivore species, far less is known about how affects entire communities. 2. To study...

Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), commonly known as the Asian longhorned beetle, is an invasive wood-boring pest that infests a number of hardwood species and causes considerable economic losses in North America, several countries Europe, its native range Asia. The success eradication efforts may depend on early detection introduced populations; however, has been limited to identification tree damage (oviposition pits exit holes), serendipitous collection...