A5073720266- Aeolian processes and effects
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Heavy metals in environment
- Radioactivity and Radon Measurements
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows
- Climate variability and models
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Tree Root and Stability Studies
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics
- Marine and environmental studies
- Mercury impact and mitigation studies
- Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
Université Paris Cité
2015-2024
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2015-2024
Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques
2015-2024
Paris-Est Sup
2005-2024
Laboratoire Techniques, Territoires et Sociétés
2014-2024
Université Paris-Est Créteil
2015-2024
Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace
2012-2024
Délégation Paris 7
2011-2017
Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique et Technique (CNRST)
2016
Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation
2016
A soil‐derived dust emission scheme has been designed to provide an explicit representation of the desert sources for atmospheric transport models dealing with simulation cycle. Two major factors characterizing erodible surface are considered: (1) size distribution loose particles soil which controls erosion threshold and strength (2) roughness imposes efficient wind friction velocity acting on surface. These two parameters included in a formulation by adapting size‐dependent...
Since iron is an important micronutrient, deposition of in mineral aerosols can impact the carbon cycle and atmospheric CO 2 . This paper reviews our current understanding global dust identifies future research needs. The distribution desert estimated from a combination observations situ concentration, optical depth, data; satellite; models. anthropogenically influenced portion flux thought to be smaller than natural portion, but difficult quantify due poorly understood response changes...
A worldwide compilation of atmospheric total phosphorus (TP) and phosphate (PO 4 ) concentration deposition flux observations are combined with transport model simulations to derive the global distribution concentrations fluxes TP PO . Our results suggest that mineral aerosols dominant source on a scale (82%), primary biogenic particles (12%) combustion sources (5%) important in nondusty regions. Globally averaged anthropogenic inputs estimated be ∼5 15% for , respectively, may contribute as...
Abstract. Large-scale simulation of the soil-derived dust emission in semi-arid regions needs to account for influence soil moisture on wind erosion threshold. Soil water retention consists molecular adsorption grain surface and capillary forces between grain. Interparticle (characterized by tension) are main factor responsible increase threshold observed when increases. When content is close but smaller than maximum amount adsorbed water, w' (depending texture), these considered as not...
This paper provides an introduction to the special section of Journal Geophysical Research on mineral dust. We briefly review current experimental and theoretical approaches used quantify dust radiative impacts, highlight outstanding issues, discuss possible strategies overcome emerging problems. also introduce contributing papers this section. Despite recent notable advances in studies, we demonstrate that effects remain poorly quantified due both limited data incomplete understanding...
A daily analysis of African dust concentrations in the Mediterranean atmosphere has been made between June 1983 and December 1994 using International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP‐B2) archive Meteosat visible (VIS) channel images. The ISCCP‐B2 infrared (IR) images also used to determine frequencies mobilization over continent, north 30°N. Despite a large variability, climatological results show clear seasonal cycle with maximum during dry season: transport begins eastern basin...
A soil‐derived dust emission scheme has been designed in order to provide simulation of mineral sources for atmospheric transport models [ Marticorena and Bergametti , 1995]. This physical considers the influence surface features compute erosion threshold intensity emissions. It validated by comparison with relevant experimental data. However, it was necessary extend its applicability test capability reproduce emissions over large arid areas. Specific methods have developed determine...
On the basis of 3 years daily measurements mineral dust concentrations at Sal Island (Cape Verde), this study focuses on origin transported over northeastern tropical Atlantic during dusty season (October to April). Using backward trajectories, we have identified three different sectors dust, covering Sahara (north/west and central/south) Sahel regions. Time variations transport from these areas can be explained by seasonal shift subtropical high‐pressure center. A geochemical approach...
The present study investigates the mineral dust emissions and occurrence of emission events over Sahara desert from 1996 to 2001. Mineral are simulated a region extending 16°N 38°N 19°W 40°E with ° × spatial resolution. input parameters required by model surface features data (aerodynamic roughness length, dry soil size distribution texture for erodible soils), meteorological (mainly wind velocity moisture). A map aerodynamic lengths is established based on composition protrusion...
Mineral dust concentrations have been measured from a monitoring aerosol station set up at Sal, Cape Verde Island between December 1991 and 1994 in order to assess the transport process of African over North‐eastern Tropical Atlantic. These measurements indicate pronounced seasonal pattern, with maximum observed during winter. A meteorological analysis shows that occurs low altitudes, trade winds layer, this season. Large quantities are carried out North‐western Africa, particular Sahel...
A physical model was developed to explain threshold friction velocities u *t for particles of the size 60–120 μm lying on a rough surface in loose soils semiarid and arid parts United States. The corrected effect momentum absorption by nonerodible roughness. For or disturbed most important parameter that controls is aerodynamic roughness height z 0 . crusts damaged wind erodible crust pieces along with presence cyanobacteriallichen soil roughens surface, biological fibrous growth aggregates...
Significant problems with modeling dust emission are highlighted. Not only do schemes rely on various assumptions, but also their implementation within a regional or global model presents challenges. This paper provides an in‐depth comparative analysis of two different physically based that were originally developed by Marticorena and Bergametti (1995) Shao et al. (1996) some recent improvements. Both implemented in module (DuMo) coupled the Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) model. Here we...
Beginning in 1985, a continuous aerosol sampling program has been undertaken at coastal location northwestern Corsica. This site is 300 m above sea-level and least 20 km from local pollution sources. It exposed during 80% or more of the time to maritime air masses which have travelled over western Mediterranean southern, northern directions. Daily 24-h samples were collected on 0.4 μm pore size nuclepore filters 10 high tower analysed for Al, Si, P, S, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe Zn by X-ray...
The Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Cartography (SCIAMACHY) satellite spectrometer provides detailed information on the nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) content in planetary boundary layer. NO tropospheric column retrievals of SCIAMACHY and its predecessor Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment are characterized by errors order 40%. We present here a new retrieval data set year 2003. cloud free observations compared to surface measurements simulations over western Europe...
First partial tropospheric ozone columns (0–6 km) derived from radiances observed by the IASI instrument aboard MetOp‐A platform over Europe during summer 2007 are presented. They were retrieved using an altitude‐dependent regularization method. Comparison with measurements balloon sondes shows excellent agreement. Space‐borne observations show large lower amounts South‐Eastern heat wave period, which also displayed simulations a regional chemistry‐transport model CHIMERE.
In order to investigate the intermittency of aeolian saltation, a saltation model, forced with instantaneous velocity fields, has been introduced in Large Eddy Simulation airflow model. The coupled model is evaluated on flat erodible surface under various wind conditions and soil particle‐size distribution. It first shown that able simulate well‐developed layer equilibrium turbulent flow. main characteristics their sensitivity are good agreement previous data set. Then, visualized through...
Abstract. The anticipated increase in solar energy production West Africa requires high-quality irradiance estimates, which are affected by meteorological conditions and particular the presence of desert dust aerosols. This study examines impact incorporating into surface temperature estimations. research focuses on a case event March 2021, is characteristic dry season Africa. Significant aerosol emissions at Bodélé Depression associated with Harmattan flow that transports plume westwards....
To determine the location of potential dust source regions and to evaluate emission frequencies over arid semiarid areas China Mongolia (35.5°N–47°N; 73°E–125°E), we established a map Z 0 from composition protrusion coefficient (PC) derived POLDER‐1 bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF). Using ° × resolution data set, 10‐m erosion threshold wind velocity for Chinese Mongolian deserts. The retrieved thresholds range 7 m s −1 in sandy deserts (Taklimakan, Badain Jaran, Tengger...
The mass of African dust present over the western Mediterranean during a transport episode from northwestern Africa, which occurred in early July 1985, is estimated using desert aerosol model, an Earth‐atmosphere radiative transfer model and Meteosat visible channel data 4 days running. Dust pixels are selected images, their optical thickness retrieved. A proportionality factor between atmospheric columnar loading computed applied to pixels. total particles basin obtained by interpolation...
Bulk filtration samples of dust were collected on Fuerteventura (Canary Islands) in July 1985 order to investigate African transport over this region during summer. Air mass trajectories and elemental mineralogical analyses allowed us distinguish between oceanic continental influences: three cases occured period. Geochemical tracers, combined with air trajectories, indicate that two different source regions (Sahelian Moroccan ones) are involved. Each these exhibits specific Si/Al Fe/Al...