E. S. Euskirchen
A5051706198- Climate change and permafrost
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Climate variability and models
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Forest ecology and management
- Soil and Unsaturated Flow
- Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
- Tunneling and Rock Mechanics
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Smart Materials for Construction
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
University of Alaska Fairbanks
2016-2025
Peninsula College
2024
Ecological Society of America
2018
John Wiley & Sons (United States)
2018
Marine Biological Laboratory
2016
United States Geological Survey
2005-2010
Pacific Northwest Research Station
2010
University of Florida
2010
University of Saskatchewan
2010
Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
2005
Thawing permafrost and the resulting microbial decomposition of previously frozen organic carbon (C) is one most significant potential feedbacks from terrestrial ecosystems to atmosphere in a changing climate. In this article we present an overview global C pool processes that might transfer into atmosphere, as well associated ecosystem changes occur with thawing. We show accounting for stored deep more than doubles previous high-latitude inventory estimates, new estimate equivalent twice...
A major challenge in predicting Earth's future climate state is to understand feedbacks that alter greenhouse-gas forcing. Here we synthesize field data from arctic Alaska, showing terrestrial changes summer albedo contribute substantially recent high-latitude warming trends. Pronounced Alaska correlates with a lengthening of the snow-free season has increased atmospheric heating locally by about 3 watts per square meter decade (similar magnitude regional expected over multiple decades...
Abstract: Although forest edges have been studied extensively as an important consequence of fragmentation, a unifying theory edge influence has yet to be developed. Our objective was take steps toward the development such by (1) synthesizing current knowledge patterns structure and composition at anthropogenically created edges, (2) developing hypotheses about magnitude distance that consider ecological processes influencing these patterns, (3) identifying needs for future research. We...
Abstract Forest age, which is affected by stand‐replacing ecosystem disturbances (such as forest fires, harvesting, or insects), plays a distinguishing role in determining the distribution of carbon (C) pools and fluxes different forested ecosystems. In this synthesis, net primary productivity (NPP), (NEP), five C (living biomass, coarse woody debris, organic soil horizons, soil, total ecosystem) are summarized age class for tropical, temperate, boreal biomes. Estimates variability NPP, NEP,...
Key observational indicators of climate change in the Arctic, most spanning a 47 year period (1971–2017) demonstrate fundamental changes among nine key elements Arctic system. We find that, coherent with increasing air temperature, there is an intensification hydrological cycle, evident from increases humidity, precipitation, river discharge, glacier equilibrium line altitude and land ice wastage. Downward trends continue sea thickness (and extent) spring snow cover extent duration, while...
Abstract. Although Arctic tundra has been estimated to cover only 8% of the global land surface, large and potentially labile carbon pools currently stored in soils have potential for emissions (C) under a warming climate. These as radiatively active greenhouse gases form both CO2 CH4 could amplify warming. Given sensitivity these ecosystems climate change expectation that will experience appreciable over next century, it is important assess whether responses C exchange regions are likely...
Abstract In terrestrial high‐latitude regions, observations indicate recent changes in snow cover, permafrost, and soil freeze–thaw transitions due to climate change. These modifications may result temporal shifts the growing season associated rates of productivity. Changes productivity will influence ability these ecosystems sequester atmospheric CO 2 . We use ecosystem model (TEM), which simulates thermal regime, addition carbon (C), nitrogen water dynamics, explore issues over years...
Summary 1. Most current climate–carbon cycle models that include the terrestrial carbon (C) are based on a model developed 40 years ago by Woodwell & Whittaker (1968) and omit advances in biogeochemical understanding since time. Their treats net C emissions from ecosystems as balance between primary production (NPP) heterotrophic respiration (HR, i.e. primarily decomposition). 2. Under conditions near steady state, geographic patterns of decomposition closely match those NPP, adequately...
Monitoring and understanding climate-induced changes in the boreal arctic vegetation is critical to aid prognosticating their future. We used a 33 year (1982–2014) long record of satellite observations robustly assess metrics growing season (onset: SOS, end: EOS length: LOS) seasonal total gross primary productivity. Particular attention was paid evaluating accuracy these by comparing them multiple independent direct indirect productivity measures. These comparisons reveal that derived...
Significance Rising arctic temperatures could mobilize reservoirs of soil organic carbon trapped in permafrost. We present the first quantitative evidence for large, regional-scale early winter respiration flux, which more than offsets uptake summer Arctic. Data from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Barrow station indicate that October through December emissions CO 2 surrounding tundra increased by 73% since 1975, supporting view rising have made Arctic ecosystems a net...
Abstract This paper describes the formation of, and initial results for, a new FLUXNET coordination network for ecosystem-scale methane (CH 4 ) measurements at 60 sites globally, organized by Global Carbon Project in partnership with other initiatives regional flux tower networks. The objectives of effort are presented along an overview coverage eddy covariance (EC) CH comparing fluxes across sites, future research directions needs. Annual estimates net ranged from −0.2 ± 0.02 g C m –2 yr –1...
Rapid Arctic environmental change affects the entire Earth system as thawing permafrost ecosystems release greenhouse gases to atmosphere. Understanding how much carbon will be released, over what time frame, and relative emissions of dioxide methane is key for understanding impact on global climate. In addition, response vegetation in a warming climate has potential offset at least some accelerating feedback from carbon. Temperature, organic carbon, ground ice are regulators determining...
Abstract The regional variability in tundra and boreal carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) fluxes can be high, complicating efforts to quantify sink‐source patterns across the entire region. Statistical models are increasingly used predict (i.e., upscale) CO large spatial domains, but reliability of different modeling techniques, each with specifications assumptions, has not been assessed detail. Here, we compile eddy covariance chamber measurements annual growing season gross primary productivity (GPP),...
Abstract. Methane (CH4) emissions from natural landscapes constitute roughly half of global CH4 contributions to the atmosphere, yet large uncertainties remain in absolute magnitude and seasonality emission quantities drivers. Eddy covariance (EC) measurements flux are ideal for constraining ecosystem-scale due quasi-continuous high-temporal-resolution measurements, coincident carbon dioxide, water, energy lack ecosystem disturbance, increased availability datasets over last decade. Here, we...
Abstract. Plant transpiration links physiological responses of vegetation to water supply and demand with hydrological, energy, carbon budgets at the land–atmosphere interface. However, despite being main land evaporative flux global scale, its response environmental drivers are currently not well constrained by observations. Here we introduce first compilation whole-plant data from sap flow measurements (SAPFLUXNET, https://sapfluxnet.creaf.cat/, last access: 8 June 2021). We harmonized...
Abstract While wetlands are the largest natural source of methane (CH 4 ) to atmosphere, they represent a large uncertainty in global CH budget due complex biogeochemical controls on dynamics. Here we present, our knowledge, first multi‐site synthesis how predictors fluxes (FCH4) freshwater vary across wetland types at diel, multiday (synoptic), and seasonal time scales. We used several statistical approaches (correlation analysis, generalized additive modeling, mutual information, random...
Arctic-boreal landscapes are experiencing profound warming, along with changes in ecosystem moisture status and disturbance from fire. This region is of global importance terms carbon feedbacks to climate, yet the sign (sink or source) magnitude budget within recent years remains highly uncertain. Here, we provide new estimates (2003-2015) vegetation gross primary productivity (GPP), respiration (Reco ), net CO2 exchange (NEE; Reco - GPP), terrestrial methane (CH4 ) emissions for zone using...