MicroRNAs (miRNAs) encapsulated in the exosomes of plasma is interest as stable and minimally invasive biomarkers for recurrence prognosis cancer patients. The aim this study was to clarify predictive prognostic value exosomal microRNA-451a (miR-451a) patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).Microarray-based expression profiling miRNAs derived from six PDAC UICC stage II employed identify a biomarker distinguish between without recurrence. For validation analysis, exosome...

ABSTRACT Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is the most widely used polymer and also gold standard in field of drug delivery. Therapeutic oligonucleotides, for example, are modified with PEG at terminus to increases nuclease resistance circulating half‐lives. The surface nanoparticle such as micelle liposome has been PEG. At present, one PEGylated therapeutic oligonucleotide approved market several more products including being tested clinical settings. This review summarizes methods effects...

Tumor hypoxia, which is associated with poor prognosis in cancer, known to lead resistance radiotherapy and anticancer chemotherapy. Impaired drug penetration hypoxic regions has been recognized as an essential barrier development solid tumors. Here, we propose novel hypoxia-activated prodrugs, drastically improved the property of commonly used drugs region. In this design, conventional were modified 2-nitroimidazole derivatives. The most important point study was that prodrug designed...

Depression is a serious global social problem. Various therapeutic drugs have been developed based on the monoamine hypothesis; however, treatment-resistant depression common clinical issue. Recently, gut-brain axis, which associated with hypothesis that intestinal environment affects brain, has garnered significant interest, and several studies attempted to treat brain disorders this axis. These attempts include fecal transplantation, probiotics prebiotics. In study, we focused reactive...

We have shown that titanium nitride (TiN) coating by activated reactive evaporation using the hollow cathode discharge method is a good surface treatment for stainless steel used in extremely high vacuum (XHV) applications. The TiN film blocks hydrogen diffusion because it has much lower permeation coefficient than steel. By varying and parameters (e.g., thickness, composition, substrate bias voltage Vb) barrier effects on of films were evaluated small membrane samples. varied to optimize...

Proteins containing unnatural amino acids have immense potential in biotechnology and medicine. We prepared several histidine analogues including a novel analogue, β‐(1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)‐dl‐alanine. These were assayed for translational activity histidine‐auxotrophic Escherichia coli strain UTH780. observed that analogues, our efficiently incorporated into the protein vivo; however, other rejected. results suggest hydrogen atom at specific position seriously affects incorporation.

Silica nanoparticles were synthesized via a sol–gel method in which tetraethyl orthosilicate was hydrolyzed by the alkaline core of nitroxide radical-containing nanoparticle (RNP). The silica successively captured RNP to obtain silica/RNP nanocomposite (siRNP). Alternatively, siRNP prepared using commercially available nanoparticles. amount elemental Si present siRNPs controlled from 3 wt% 12 wt%. Notably, obtained stable acidic media, whereas starting disintegrated immediately. Crosslinking...

Several PEGylated proteins have been approved as therapeutic drugs. In many cases, protein has synthesized by the conjugation reaction between PEG possessing activated ester and amine(s) in protein. This reaction, however, often causes inactivation of proteins. this report, we present a novel chemistry which enables PEGylation under mild condition. lysozyme prepared method developed increased biological activity more than 20 times compared with conventional method.

The prevention of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) and the enhancement dialysis efficiency are two important strategies that can improve quality life patients undergoing dialysis. We have thus far developed bionanoparticles effectively scavenge reactive oxygen species (redox nanoparticles; RNPs). objective this study was to apply RNPs as a component dialysate reduce oxidative stress. Porous silica nanoparticles were combined with enhance effective adsorption capacity low-molecular...

Under the Air Force sponsored Reconfigurable Systems for Tailless Fighter Aircraft - RESTORE program, Boeing Phantom Works developed multiple control allocation algorithms based on linear programming and quadratic programming. According to comparison analyses performed by approach produced best results in terms of maximum attainable moment space chatter, but at expense increased computational time. The approach, other hand, reduced time achieved less space. Based these observations, a study...

A novel synthesis method for oligonucleotides possessing a functional moiety at the 3'-terminus was established based on solid-phase synthesis. In order to install group of oligonucleotide, solid support prepared. carbohydrate employed in this study functionalization oligonucleotide. To prepare glycosylated support, glycosyl acceptor (2) synthesized using 4,4-dihydroxymethyl-cyclopenta-1-ene as starting compound. The glycosylation reaction proceeded smoothly (yield = 95%) yield suitable...

Gene therapy has generated worldwide attention as a new medical technology. While non-viral gene vectors are promising candidates carriers, they have several issues such toxicity and low transfection efficiency. We hypothesized that the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) affects expression in polyplex supported delivery systems. The effect ROS on was evaluated using nitroxide radical-containing nanoparticle (RNP) an scavenger. When polyethyleneimine (PEI)/pGL3 or PEI alone added to...

Acute inflammatory conditions such as sepsis lead to fatal conditions, including multiple organ failure. Several treatments steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are currently being investigated in order decrease the blood cytokine level, which increases remarkably. However, any of these therapeutic not always reliable and effective; none have drastically improved survival rates, some mostly ended with Reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling molecules responsible for production cytokines...

During cell cultivation on conventional culture dishes, various events results in strong stresses that lead to the production of bioactive species such as reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitric oxide. These cause variable damage cells stimulate cellular responses. Here, we report design a novel biocompatible surface decreases stress by not only morphologically modifying dish using poly(ethylene glycol) tethered chains, but also actively scavenging oxidative our nitroxide radical-containing...

During cell cultivation, excessively generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) affect cellular properties and functions. Although cultivation media contain several types of low-molecular-weight antioxidants, these small antioxidants are internalized into the mitochondria they disrupt regulated redox balance. Here, we developed a novel biointerface that effectively eliminates ROS on culture surface. Poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly[4-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl)aminomethylstyrene]...

This paper presents an algorithm for automatic air collision avoidance system being developed by the US Air Force and its Swedish counter part, Forsvaret Materielverk (FMV). The uses optimal coordinated escape maneuvers to avoid mid-air collision, while satisfying imposed requirements. In addition, simultaneously accommodates multiple aircraft on a course activating maneuvers. On other hand, suppresses activation of maneuver allow close formation flight rejoining. is designed operate safely...

Abstract Solvent extraction of mercury(II) from hydrochloric acid with 1,2-bis(hexylthio)ethane (=BHTE=\barS) in 1,2-dichloroethane has been studied at 30 °C. Mercury(II) was found to be extracted into pure without extractants, which is due the physical partition neutral species, HgCl2. The coefficient, KD, evaluated as KD=0.314. It clarified that mechanism BHTE can explained terms solvation by and 1:1 metal: ligand complex formed organic phase follows. \barS+HgCl2\ightleftharpoons‾HgCl2·S...

Abstract A novel oligonucleotide carrier which can scavenge ROS is described. The synthesized graft polymer composed of a PEG segment and TEMPO‐containing hydrophobic for scavenging ROS. This form PIC through electrostatic interaction with oligonucleotides such as siRNA. amount was monitored by fluorescence measurements using H 2 DCFDA probe, it confirmed that the level effectively suppressed. cellular uptake containing fluorescence‐labeled evaluated microscopy. Delivered siRNA suppressed...