ABSTRACT Tools to discriminate products from captive and wild sources will improve wildlife sustainability, stable isotopes of carbon nitrogen can be potentially useful for this. In this study, we evaluated δ 15 N 13 C in Caiman latirostris skins individuals (from Argentina Brazil), Argentina), leathers tanned skins) both Argentina). addition, compared the isotopic signatures caiman claws caimans Brazil. The main goal study was evaluate possible differences variability between skins,...

ABSTRACT Reptiles are mainly exploited for the high value of their skins, as well meat is a potential source protein. In different parts world, snake fat or oil used ethnomedicinal purposes, and scientific studies have supported antimicrobial anti‐inflammatory effects. this study, we describe characteristics yellow anaconda ( Eunectes notaeus ) to evaluate use dietary supplement topical therapeutic purposes. Both rich in fatty acids, such oleic acid (32%), palmitic (20%–23%), linoleic...

Abstract Reproductive aspects, like number of nests produced per season or clutch size (number eggs nest), broad-snouted caiman ( Caiman latirostris ) may be affected by a climatic variables such as rainfall and temperature. The success reproduction is not only the amount rainfall, but also time elapsed during which it takes place. In this study, we present evidence positive relationship between precipitation on water heads (“Bajos Submeridionales”) March. Surprisingly, there was significant...

Abstract C aiman latirostris has temperature‐dependent sex determination and is potentially susceptible to environmental temperature fluctuations and, thus, the global climate change phenomena. Considering potential consequences of increasing temperatures for a. offspring, we examined effects climatic conditions on ratios produced by caimans in wild nests particular how variables affect nest percentage females produced. We also explored a hypothetic 0.5 1.0°C increase caiman populations. The...

The sustainable use of wildlife is considered a tool for conservation in addition to generating benefits the local population. Commercial reptile hunting targets skins, other by-products such as meat and fat. Meat from hunted reptiles widely available localities where management plans are place evaluated easily accessible hunters their families. objective our research was evaluate percent composition, protein composition microbiological quality black white tegu yellow anaconda meat. For this...

The southern distribution of the Broad-snouted Caiman (Caiman latirostris Daudin 1802) in Argentina occurs Santa Fe Province, where its population has been under management by "Proyecto Yacaré" since 1990. From 1997 to 2016, we captured 77 nesting female Caimans Province. Our results suggest that previously defined size classes for do not adequately describe reproductively mature segment population. Here propose change ranges general Caiman. In addition, have observed reintroduced...

Egg inundation often results in poor hatching success crocodylians. However, how tolerant eggs are to submergence, and/or eggshell ultrastructure may affect embryo survival when inundated, not well understood. In this study, our objective was determine if Caiman latirostris is affected by surface roughness, submerged under water. Tolerance tested early (day 30) versus late 60) development, using eight clutches (four per time treatments), subdivided into four groups: ( N = 9 clutch treatment;...

Abstract Temperature is crucial for reptiles, also during embryonic development, particularly species with temperature‐dependent sex determination. Under natural conditions, Broad‐snouted caiman ( Caiman latirostris ) eggs are influenced by thermal changes in the interior of nest related to external environmental temperature. As nests subject variations temperature and most lab studies on crocodilian incubation have been carried out at constant temperatures, we were interested determining...

Reproductive success of Caiman latirostris may be affected by changes in eggshells during the incubationperiod. Therefore, it is important to understand structures and among incubation. In thisstudy, we present descriptions estructure -egg size shape, ornamentation, thickness eggshell,eggshell type units, density pores- evidences incubation period. The mostsignificant on eggshell were calcareous layer thinning increasing pores sizes. These changesoccurred from second last third

Predation is a major cause of crocodilian egg loss. However, at present, the mechanisms by which predators detect nests unknown. Previous studies have reported that are able to prey using both visual and olfactory cues. This study aims determine natural predation rate on Broad-snouted Caiman (Caiman latirostris) in “normal” year (i.e., no extreme climatic events) whether or cues attract caiman nests, evaluate effect maternal presence nest predation. In December 2010, we searched for north...

Sexual identification of crocodilians is important in population studies and provides useful information for conservation management plans monitoring populations over time. It possible to distinguish between male female Caiman latirostris by cloacal palpation or eversion the penis individuals larger than 75 cm total length, but smaller animals possess a barely differentiable cliteropenis. In hatchlings, sex determination methods involve surgical examination, necropsy, analysis cranial...

The definition of priority areas for conservation and integrated management actions are essential the effective maintenance recovery natural populations, especially species overexploited by humans. Amazonian chelonians a food resource historically used people, resulting in decline populations worsening risk local extinctions. In this paper, we establish define three most threatened human consumption Brazil (Podocnemis expansa, P. unifilis sextuberculata). To do so, 15 prioritization criteria...

Understanding the relationship between species and environment is crucial to predicting their responses human-induced global changes, i.e., habitat conversion, biological invasions, warming. Precipitation river level are relevant factors that regulate populations of aquatic organisms. We used long-term data assess effects climate on nest number, clutch size (number eggs per nest), hatching success, unviable Giant South American River Turtle (Podocnemis expansa) in a protected area Brazilian...

Summary Here we describe the embryonic development of Salvator merianae external morphologic features, as based on observation 28 embryos across different days incubation at 31 ± 0.5°C. Observed developmental stages were grouped and classified into early, middle, late periods. The early period (Stages 3–11) is distinguished by origin encephalic vesicles, sensory placodes, pharyngeal arches, degree body flexion rotation. medium 8–15) limb differentiation cranium‐facial characteristics. 15–18)...