A5061415755- Climate change and permafrost
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Landslides and related hazards
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Climate variability and models
- Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- MRI in cancer diagnosis
- Smart Materials for Construction
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Soil and Unsaturated Flow
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Rock Mechanics and Modeling
- Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- Geophysical Methods and Applications
- Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques
- Polar Research and Ecology
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks
- Geological Modeling and Analysis
- Winter Sports Injuries and Performance
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods
Carleton University
2015-2024
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council
2023-2024
Miriam (Norway)
2022
Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies
2020
Max Planck Society
2020
Pontifical Catholic University of Peru
2017-2018
Cambridge University Press
2014
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
2013
University of Zurich
2004-2013
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2007-2013
Permafrost in steep bedrock is abundant many cold‐mountain areas, and its degradation can cause slope instability that unexpected unprecedented location, magnitude, frequency, timing. These phenomena bear consequences for the understanding of landscape evolution, natural hazards, safe sustainable operation high‐mountain infrastructure. an emerging field research. Knowledge rock temperatures, ice content, mechanisms degradation, processes link warming destabilization often fragmental. In this...
Abstract. Permafrost underlies much of Earth's surface and interacts with climate, eco-systems human systems. It is a complex phenomenon controlled by climate (sub-) properties reacts to change variable delay. Heterogeneity sparse data challenge the modeling its spatial distribution. Currently, there no set adequately inform global studies permafrost. The available for Northern Hemisphere frequently used model evaluation, but quality consistency are difficult assess. Here, permafrost extent...
Abstract This paper provides a review of permafrost modelling advances, primarily since the 2003 conference in Zürich, Switzerland, with an emphasis on spatial models, both arctic and high mountain environments. Models are categorised according to temporal, thermal criteria, their approach defining relationship between climate, site surface conditions status. The most significant recent advances include expanding application models within transient numerical incorporation directly global...
Exceptional rockfall occurred throughout the Alps during unusually hot summer of 2003. It is likely related to fast thermal reaction subsurface steep rock slopes and a corresponding destabilization ice‐filled discontinuities. This suggests that may be direct unexpectedly impact climate change. Based upon our measurements in Alpine faces, we present model simulations illustrating distribution degradation permafrost where 2003 has resulted extreme thaw. We argue hotter summers predicted by...
Permafrost degradation is regarded as a crucial factor influencing the stability of steep rockwalls in alpine areas. Discernment zones fast temperature changes requires knowledge about distribution and evolution at below surface rock. In complex high‐mountain topography, strong lateral heat fluxes result from topography variable temperatures profoundly influence subsurface thermal field. To investigate such three‐dimensional effects, numerical experimentation was conducted using typical...
Abstract. Phenomena involving frozen soil or rock are important in many natural systems and, as a consequence, there is great interest the modeling of their behavior. Few models exist that describe this process for both saturated and unsaturated conditions freezing thawing, energy equation shows strongly non-linear characteristics often difficult to handle with normal methods iterative integration. Therefore paper we propose method solving soil. The solver linked solution Richards equation,...
Abstract Rising temperatures or the complete thaw of permafrost in rock walls can affect their stability. Present as well projected future atmospheric warming results degradation and, a consequence, makes knowledge spatial distribution and temporal evolution important. Rock‐face near‐surface have been measured over one year at 14 locations between 2500 4500 m a.s.l. Alps. Different slope aspects included order to capture maximum differentiation temperatures. These data were used further...
Abstract An overview is given of the relatively short history, important issues and primary challenges research on permafrost in cold mountain regions. The systematic application diverse approaches technologies contributes to a rapidly growing knowledge base about existence, characteristics evolution time perennially frozen ground at high altitudes steep slopes. These include (1) drilling, borehole measurement, geophysical sounding, photogrammetry, laser altimetry, GPS/SAR surveying,...
Abstract. GEOtop is a fine-scale grid-based simulator that represents the heat and water budgets at below soil surface. It describes three-dimensional flow in energy exchange with atmosphere, considering radiative turbulent fluxes. Furthermore, it reproduces highly non-linear interactions between balance during freezing thawing, simulates temporal evolution of snow cover their effect on temperature. Here, we present core components 2.0 demonstrate its functioning. Based synthetic simulation,...
Abstract. In the Everest region, Nepal, ground-based monitoring programmes were started on debris-free Mera Glacier (27.7° N, 86.9° E; 5.1 km2, 6420 to 4940 m a.s.l.) in 2007 and small Pokalde (27.9° 86.8° 0.1 5690 5430 a.s.l., ~ 25 km north of Glacier) 2009. These glaciers lie southern flank central Himalaya under direct influence Indian monsoon receive more than 80% their annual precipitation summer (June September). Despite a large inter-annual variability with glacier-wide mass balances...
Abstract. Estimates of permafrost distribution in mountain regions are important for the assessment climate change effects on natural and human systems. In order to make analyses establishment guidelines e.g. construction or hazard comparable compatible between regions, one consistent traceable model entire Alpine domain is required. For calibration statistical models, scarcity suitable reliable information about presence absence makes use large areas attractive due larger data base...
Abstract. In high mountain areas, permafrost is important because it influences the occurrence of natural hazards, has to be considered in construction practices, and sensitive climate change. The assessment its distribution evolution challenging highly variable conditions at below surface, steep topography varying climatic conditions. This paper presents a systematic investigation effects variability that are for subsurface temperatures Alpine bedrock permafrost. We studied both, past...
Abstract. Measurements of environmental variables are often used to validate and calibrate physically-based models. Depending on their application, the models at different scales, ranging from few meters tens kilometers. Environmental can vary strongly within grid cells these Validating a model with single measurement is therefore delicate susceptible induce bias in further applications. To address question uncertainty associated scale permafrost models, we present data 390...
Abstract. Simulation of land surface processes is problematic in heterogeneous terrain due to the high resolution required model grids capture strong lateral variability caused by, for example, topography, and lack accurate meteorological forcing data at site or scale it required. Gridded products produced by atmospheric models can fill this gap, however, often not an appropriate spatial drive land-surface simulations. In study we describe a method that uses well-resolved description column...
Abstract. The cryosphere reacts sensitively to climate change, as evidenced by the widespread retreat of mountain glaciers. Subsurface ice contained in permafrost is similarly affected causing persistent impacts on natural and human systems. In contrast glaciers, not observable spatially therefore its presence possible changes are frequently overlooked. Correspondingly, little known about mountains Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) region, despite area exceeding that glaciers nearly all countries....
Abstract. The extent and distribution of permafrost in the mountainous parts Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region are largely unknown. A long tradition research, predominantly on rather gentle relief, exists only Tibetan Plateau. Two maps available digitally that cover HKH provide estimates extent, i.e., areal proportion permafrost: manually delineated Circum-Arctic Map Permafrost Ground Ice Conditions (Brown et al., 1998) Global Zonation Index, based a computer model (Gruber, 2012). This...
Abstract. ERA5-Land (ERA5L) is a reanalysis product derived by running the land component of ERA5 at increased resolution. This study evaluates ERA5L soil temperature in permafrost regions based on observations and published products. We find that overestimates northern Canada Alaska but underestimates it mid–low latitudes, leading to an average bias −0.08 ∘C. The warm stronger winter than other seasons. As calculated from its temperature, active-layer thickness near-surface (<1.89 m)...
Frost cracking, the breakdown of rock by freezing, is one most important mechanical weathering processes acting on Earth's surface. Insights mechanisms driving frost cracking stem mainly from laboratory and theoretical studies. Transferring insights such studies to natural conditions, involving jointed bedrock heterogeneous thermal hydrological properties, a major challenge. We address this problem with simultaneous in situ measurements acoustic emissions, used as proxy damage,...