Three Moroccan citrus peels, such as orange, lemon, and bigarade, were chosen to extract the pectin using Box Behnken Design. At a temperature of 90 °C, pH = 1.5, extraction time 120 min, high yield was recorded with 28.57, 26.86, 26.55% for lemon (LPP), bigarade (BPP), orange (OPP) peel pectins respectively. The extracted have less branched linear structure GalA contents BPP (86.0 mol%), LPP (82.0 OPP (79.0 degree methyl esterification (>74%), but low acetylation (<4%). A narrow homogeneous...

ABSTRACT Lovastatin is a secondary metabolite produced by Aspergillus terreus . A chemically defined medium was developed in order to investigate the influence of carbon and nitrogen sources on lovastatin biosynthesis. Among several organic inorganic metabolized A. , glutamate histidine gave highest biosynthesis level. For cultures glucose glutamate, synthesis initiated when consumption levelled off. When grown lactose, production presence residual lactose. Experimental results showed that...

Carbon isotope distribution of [13C]citrinin from Monascus ruber incubated with [13C]acetate revealed that the biosynthesis toxin originated a tetraketide, instead pentaketide as has been shown for Penicillium and Aspergillus species. The production polyketide red pigments citrinin by M. may therefore be regulated at level tetraketide branch point.

ABSTRACT During submerged culture in the presence of glucose and glutamate, filamentous fungus Monascus ruber produces water-soluble red pigments together with citrinin, a mycotoxin nephrotoxic hepatoxic effects on animals. Analysis 13 C-pigment molecules from mycelia cultivated [1- C]-, [2- or [1,2- C]acetate by C nuclear magnetic resonance indicated that biosynthesis used both polyketide pathway, to generate chromophore structure, fatty acid synthesis produce medium-chain (octanoic acid)...

Ganoderma lucidum is a medicinal fungus belonging to the Polyporaceae family which has long been known in Japan as Reishi and used extensively traditional Chinese medicine. We report isolation identification of 26-oxygenosterols ganoderol A, B, ganoderal ganoderic acid Y their biological effects on cholesterol synthesis human hepatic cell line vitro. also investigated site inhibition pathway. found that these oxygenated sterols from G. inhibited biosynthesis via conversion acetate or...

The filamentous fungus Monascus ruber produces water-soluble red pigments in a submerged culture when grown chemically defined medium containing glucose as carbon source and monosodium glutamate nitrogen source. Two new molecules with polyketide structures, N-glucosylrubropunctamine N-glucosylmonascorubramine, constituting under some conditions 10% of the total extracellular coloring matter was excess (20 g/liter), were isolated structurally characterized by high-pressure liquid...

Two methods for rapid sampling and three procedures extraction of metabolites from the filamentous fungus Monascus ruber were compared. It is shown that arrest metabolism by either dropping mycelial cultures in liquid nitrogen or spraying them on a 60% solution methanol kept at −40°C followed centrifugation −10°C equally effective. Metabolites extracted mycelia using different including acid alkaline treatments, permeabilization cold chloroform boiling buffered ethanol, to demonstrate latter...

The growth and metabolic behaviour of the filamentous fungus Monascus ruber were studied in submerged cultures under various aeration agitation conditions. Improving oxygen supply, by increasing either air input or speed, resulted modified metabolism: biomass yield, consumption nitrogen source (monosodium glutamate), production secondary metabolites (red pigment citrinin) all increased. However, citrinin increased more than that red pigment. In consequence, a low transfer coefficient was...

There has been renewed interest in mushroom medicinal properties. We studied cholesterol lowering properties of Ganoderma lucidum (Gl), a renowned species. Organic fractions containing oxygenated lanosterol derivatives inhibited synthesis T9A4 hepatocytes. In hamsters, 5% Gl did not effect LDL; but decreased total (TC) 9.8%, and HDL 11.2%. (2.5 5%) had effects on several fecal neutral sterols bile acids. Both doses reduced hepatic microsomal ex-vivo HMG-CoA reductase activity. minipigs, 2.5...

Amino acids were used as sole nitrogen sources to examine their effects on the production of water-soluble red pigments and citrinin by Monascus ruber ATCC 96218 cultivated chemically defined media. In general, when glycine, tyrosine, arginine, serine, or histidine sources, they favored pigments, restricted synthesis mycotoxin. contrast, was enhanced in media supplemented with either glutamate, alanine, proline. Histidine found be most valuable amino acid it resulted highest almost...

Meknes region is a Moroccan olive-processing area generating high amounts of non-valorized Olive Mill Waste (OMW). Fungi are natural decomposers producing varied enzyme classes and effectively contributing to the carbon cycle. However, structural complexity biomass modest performances wild fungi major limits for local biorefineries. The objective current research assess ability bioethanol production from OMW using Consolidated Bioprocessing (CBP). This done by characterizing...

This work aimed to characterize and compare the physicochemical, ascorbic acid, phenolic, flavonoid compounds, as well antioxidant properties, pollen spectra, sugar profiles of twenty-three organic honeys produced in Middle Atlas Morocco. As results, analysis showed 22 taxa revealed dominance Ziziphus lotus pollens for all monofloral honeys. The moisture content ranged from 15.9 19.0%, pH values werebetween 3.9 4.8, electrical conductivity varied 100 581 µs/cm, ash 0.1 2.4%, invertase...

Description of the subject. Extracellular enzymes from filamentous fungi are increasingly used in eco-friendly biotransformation processes. Their relevant technological role and their stability towards extreme process conditions make them first sustainable solution for elaboration bio-based products biomass conversion. Objectives. This paper describes isolation decaying plant material region Meknes (northern central Morocco) assessment ability to breakdown lignocellulose. The objective is...

The formation of cholesterol synthesis inhibiting molecules by five different strains the koji mold Aspergillus oryzae was studied. After growing these on a complex liquid medium we found in crude organic phase extracts and specific fractions there from compounds human hepatic T9A4 cells vitro at enzyme sites downstream dihydrolanosterol. This evidenced using radioactively labeled precursors, namely acetate, mevalonate, 24,25-dihydro-[24,25-(3)H2]-lanosterol or [3-(3)H]-lathosterol.

Gaining insight into crop diversity, both at the genetic and phenotypic levels, is of prime importance for onion breeding with an enhanced yield quality in combination improved resistance to biotic abiotic stresses. In current study, 192 different plants, representing 16 ecotypes, were characterized using ISSR markers.Based on marker profile, there was a clear grouping plants ecotypes. Though populations originated from same geographic region Morocco, significant diversity detected. After...

Essential oils have been used since ancient times in traditional medicine and agri-food science to preserve food, combat human diseases. (EOs) from clove rosemary, obtained by hydro-distillation, were analyzed GC/MS evaluated for their antifungal activity against strains of Aspergillus tubingensis A. luchuensis effect on ochratoxin A (OTA) production these fungi. The major constituent EO was eugenol (86.4%), rosemary eucalyptol (35.9%). Mycelium growth inhibition assays showed that the EOs...

Allium cepa L. remains the most cultivated species in Morocco and around world. With purpose of making first biochemical characterization Moroccan onions, several components have been measured eleven onion ecotypes. Onions were collected as seeds from different geographical origins same environment, to eliminate influence environment on expression. Moisture, total phenols, flavonoids, antioxidant activity, reducing sugars, sulfur dioxide properties interest. Except for moisture, ecotypes...

This study delves into the dynamic interaction between various fungal strains, substrates, and treatment durations to optimize nutritional value of these by-products. Six fungi, including